OBJECTIVE: We compared the incidence and type of levator ani avulsion diagnosed by translabial ultrasound evaluation in primiparous women six months after vacuum-assisted or spontaneous vaginal delivery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective observational study was performed between January 2011 and December 2013. Primiparous women six months after vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery and after spontaneous vaginal delivery underwent translabial ultrasound evaluation. The distance between the urethra and fibers of the musculus levator ani puborectalis (levator-urethra gap) was measured. A levator-urethra gap >25 mm was considered a musculus levator ani avulsion. RESULTS: In total, 184 women participated in the study. Among them, 92 had vacuum extraction and 92 had uncomplicated spontaneous delivery. A longer levator-urethra gap on both sides of the pubic bone was found in women after vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery (p < 0.0001 for both sides). Musculus levator ani avulsion was identified in 20 women (unilateral in 16 cases and bilateral in four cases). No difference in an incidence of musculus levator ani avulsion was identified in women after vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery [11/92 (12%)] compared to spontaneous delivery [9/92 (10%); p = 0.81]. CONCLUSION: Vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery in primiparous women is associated with a longer levator-urethra gap but not with a higher frequency of avulsion of the musculus levator ani.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• epiziotomie MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• onemocnění dna pánevního epidemiologie   MeSH
• pánevní dno zranění   MeSH
• parita MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ultrasonografie MeSH
• uretra MeSH
• vakuová extrakce porodnická škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• vedení porodu MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: Possibly any tumor that can cause mechanical obstruction of the distal bile duct can induce acute pancreatitis. However, acute pancreatitis as the first clinical manifestation of duodenal lymphoma is extremely rare. OBJECTIVE: To report the case of a patient with acute pancreatitis as an extremely rare first manifestation of duodenal MALT lymphoma and possible association with erythema nodosum. METHODS: Case report of a 66-year-old woman who was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis caused by infiltration with duodenal lymphoma. RESULTS: Acute pancreatitis was confirmed by CT imaging. Detailed investigation revealed a duodenal mass causing pancreatic injury. Histological analysis established the diagnosis of MALT lymphoma. The patient's medical history also included erythema nodosum. Complete remission of the malignancy was achieved with chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: This is the first published case report of acute pancreatitis caused by the growth of duodenal MALT lymphoma. An association with erythema nodosum is possible.

• MeSH
• akutní nemoc MeSH
• cyklofosfamid aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• doxorubicin aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfom z B-buněk marginální zóny komplikace   diagnostické zobrazování   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční cholangiopankreatografie metody   MeSH
• multimodální zobrazování MeSH
• myší monoklonální protilátky aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• nádory duodena komplikace   diagnostické zobrazování   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• pankreatitida diagnostické zobrazování   etiologie   MeSH
• počítačová rentgenová tomografie MeSH
• prednison aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• protokoly protinádorové kombinované chemoterapie aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ultrasonografie metody   MeSH
• vinkristin aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

AIM: The purpose of our study was to determine the content of trans fatty acids in early human breast milk as an indicator of dietary exposure in a sample of Roma breast-feeding women and in a sample of women from the general Czech population. METHODS: We collected samples of early human milk from 43 Prague women from the general population and 21 Roma women. After lipid extraction, the fatty acids were converted into methyl esters (FAMEs). Finally, gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) analysis on a CP-Sil 88 column was used to determine C18:1 trans monoenic fatty acid levels and total trans isomers fatty acid levels in human milk. RESULTS: A significantly higher content of C18:1 trans fatty acid isomers was detected in human milk fat from Roma mothers than in women of the general population (2.73 vs. 2.09%, p < 0.05). Both groups monitored did not differ in the representation of total fatty acid trans isomers. Differences in the frequency of consumption of certain TFA sources (butter, fried crisps) were established. CONCLUSIONS: The study proved a higher fatty acid trans isomers content in Roma breast-feeding mothers in the Czech Republic, and this is probably related to their bad eating habits. (c) 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel.

• MeSH
• chromatografie plynová MeSH
• dieta MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• etnicita MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• kojení MeSH
• laktace metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mateřské mléko chemie   MeSH
• stereoizomerie MeSH
• trans nenasycené mastné kyseliny analýza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Oocyte developmental competence is acquired during folliculogenesis and regulated by complex molecular mechanisms. Several molecules are involved in these mechanisms, including microRNAs (miRNAs) that are essential for oocyte-specific processes throughout the development. The objective of this study was to identify the expression profile of miRNAs in porcine oocytes derived from follicles of different sizes using RNA deep sequencing. Oocytes were aspirated from large (LO; 3-6 mm) or small (SO; 1.5-1.9 mm) follicles and tested for developmental competence and chromatin configurations. Small RNA libraries were constructed from both groups and then sequenced in an Illumina NextSeq. 500. Oocytes from the LO group exhibited higher developmental competence and different chromatin configuration compared with oocytes from the SO group. In total, 167 and 162 known miRNAs were detected in the LO and SO groups, respectively. MiR-205, miR-16, miR-148a-3p, and miR-125b were among the top 10 highly expressed miRNAs in both groups. Eight miRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) between both groups. Target gene prediction and pathway analysis revealed 46 pathways that were enriched with miRNA-target genes. The oocyte meiosis pathway and signaling pathways including FoxO, PI3K-Akt, and cAMP were predictably targeted by DE miRNAs. These results give more insights into the potential role of miRNAs in regulating the oocyte development.

• MeSH
• chromatin genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• mikro RNA biosyntéza   MeSH
• oocyty cytologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• oogeneze fyziologie   MeSH
• prasata MeSH
• sekvenční analýza RNA * MeSH
• vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Homelessness is a growing problem in the Czech Republic where homeless people represent a specific minority group beset by many problems linked to their divergent lifestyle. It was therefore expected that the homeless population would be at greater risk of exposure to environmental pollutants than the general population. The aim of our study was to compare blood lead (B-Pb) and blood cadmium (B-Cd) levels in the homeless population (HP) with those obtained from the Human Biomonitoring Project (CZ-HBM), which used blood donors considered representative of the general population (GP). We present data obtained between 2004 and 2006 for B-Pb and B-Cd in 257 Prague homeless adults and compare them to B-Pb and B-Cd levels in 104 Prague adult blood donors from the CZ-HBM project in 2005. The mean (geometric) B-Pb levels in men were 36.5 (HP) and 35.4microg/l (GP), which is not significantly different. However, statistically significant differences were observed between men and women in the GP (P<0.001), but not in HP; B-Pb levels in women (34.8microg/l) did not differ from those of HP men (36.5microg/l), but were significantly (P<0.001) higher than those of GP women (25.8microg/l). B-Pb levels were not influenced by smoking. B-Cd levels in the homeless nonsmokers (geometric means 1.06 and 1.18microg/l in men and women, respectively) were more than 2.5 times higher than in the nonsmoking GP (0.36 and 0.38microg/l for men and women, respectively). B-Cd levels were significantly (P<0.001) influenced by smoking in both groups, but, surprisingly, the values in GP smokers (men=0.96microg/l, women=0.93microg/l) were lower than those in HP nonsmokers (men=1.06microg/l, women=1.18microg/l). A positive correlation was found between cadmium and lead in both men (P<0.05) and women (P<0.01). Our results indicate that the homeless population under study might be exposed to lead and cadmium more extensively than the general population of Prague and that homeless women represent a particularly vulnerable population group.

• MeSH
• dárci krve MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kadmium krev   MeSH
• kouření krev   MeSH
• látky znečišťující životní prostředí krev   MeSH
• lidé bez domova MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• městské obyvatelstvo MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
• olovo krev   MeSH
• rozložení podle pohlaví MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

BACKGROUND: The study aimed at finding a laboratory approach to detect endothelial damage in normal pregnancy as well as in pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia using selected markers of endothelial activation. MATERIALS: A total of 403 healthy pregnant women without a history of deep vein thrombosis and/or hypertension were prospectively studied. From all women, venous blood was collected before the end of the 1st trimester, between weeks 24 and 28 of gestation, and in the 3rd trimester (weeks 34-36). Assays of tissue plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, von Willebrand factor activity and antigen, thrombomodulin, endothelial protein C receptor, and endothelial microparticles activated by TF were performed. RESULTS: When comparing women who developed preeclampsia during pregnancy (the average levels were 23.41 mug/L, 34.33 mug/L, and 53.56 mug/L in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimesters, respectively) with healthy pregnant women (the average levels were 19.05 mug/L, 28.47 mug/L, and 39.86 mug/L in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimesters, respectively) significant differences in the levels of thrombomodulin were found in all three trimesters. By contrast, no statistically significant differences in the levels of vWF (both antigen and activity), t-PA, EPCR, EMPs, MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-9 were found in any trimesters in the same group. CONCLUSIONS: Pregnancy and preeclampsia strongly influence the levels of studied markers. The findings of this work confirm the possible predictive potential of thrombomodulin and PA-1.

• MeSH
• biologické markery * krev   MeSH
• CD antigeny krev   MeSH
• cévní endotel patofyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• endoteliální receptor proteinu C MeSH
• inhibitor aktivátoru plazminogenu 1 krev   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• preeklampsie * krev   patofyziologie   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• první trimestr těhotenství * krev   MeSH
• receptory buněčného povrchu krev   MeSH
• referenční hodnoty MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• tkáňový aktivátor plazminogenu krev   MeSH
• trombomodulin krev   MeSH
• von Willebrandův faktor metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

Although our knowledge regarding oocyte quality and development has improved significantly, the molecular mechanisms that regulate and determine oocyte developmental competence are still unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify and analyze the transcriptome profiles of porcine oocytes derived from large or small follicles using RNA high-throughput sequencing technology. RNA libraries were constructed from oocytes of large (LO; 3-6 mm) or small (SO; 1.5-1.9 mm) ovarian follicles and then sequenced in an Illumina HiSeq4000. Transcriptome analysis showed a total of 14,557 genes were commonly detected in both oocyte groups. Genes related to the cell cycle, oocyte meiosis, and quality were among the top highly expressed genes in both groups. Differential expression analysis revealed 60 up- and 262 downregulated genes in the LO compared with the SO group. BRCA2, GPLD1, ZP3, ND3, and ND4L were among the highly abundant and highly significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The ontological classification of DEGs indicated that protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum was the top enriched pathway. In addition, biological processes related to cell growth and signaling, gene expression regulations, cytoskeleton, and extracellular matrix organization were among the highly enriched processes. In conclusion, this study provides new insights into the global transcriptome changes and the abundance of specific transcripts in porcine oocytes in correlation with follicle size.

• MeSH
• genové regulační sítě fyziologie   MeSH
• oocyty metabolismus   MeSH
• oogeneze genetika   MeSH
• ovariální folikul cytologie   MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce s reverzní transkripcí MeSH
• prasata genetika   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• signální transdukce genetika   MeSH
• stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
• transkriptom * MeSH
• vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování MeSH
• vývojová regulace genové exprese fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

OBJECTIVES: This study focuses on the etiology of acute upper gastrointestinal (GIT) bleeding in liver cirrhosis patients. METHODS: A prospective examination of 137 liver cirrhosis patients with acute upper GIT bleeding. All patients underwent endoscopic examination and in the case of multiple findings, definition of the source of bleeding was based on the endoscopic report. RESULTS: The most frequent causes of acute bleeding were: oesophageal varices (57.7%), peptic gastric and duodenal ulcers (18.2%), portal hypertension gastropathy (9.5%), gastric varices (5.1%), reflux oesophagitis (2.9%), Mallory-Weiss syndrome (2.9%) and erosive gastropathy (1.5%). A negative diagnosis was made in not more than 2.2% of patients. The majority of cases showed multiple findings in the upper digestive tract, each of which was a potential cause of bleeding. The mortality in all bleeding cirrhotic patients was 14.6%, 18.6% of which occurred in the varicose type of bleeding and 7.8% in the non-varicose type. CONCLUSIONS: Portal hypertension led to bleeding caused by varices and portal hypertension gastropathy in 72.3% of patients, 62.8% of patients suffered from purely varicose bleeding and 37.2% from non-varicose bleeding. Early, detailed endoscopic examination leading to appropriate diagnosis and treatment is of paramount importance.

• MeSH
• akutní nemoc MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• gastrointestinální krvácení etiologie   MeSH
• jaterní cirhóza komplikace   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

In this article, we focused on the impact of precisely chemically modified FLI maturation medium enriched with fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and its potential to improve the efficiency of in vitro production of porcine embryos. We hypothesized that enhancing the composition of the maturation medium could result in an elevated production of embryos in vitro and can affect EGA. FLI medium resulted in a significantly higher rate of oocyte blastocyst maturation and formation compared to the control DMEM medium. In addition, immunocytochemical labelling confirmed the detection of UBF in 4-cell FLI parthenogenic embryos, suggesting similarities with natural embryo development. Through RNAseq analysis, upregulated genes present in 4-cell FLI embryos were found to play key roles in important biological processes such as cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and transcriptional regulation. Based on our findings, we demonstrated the positive influence of FLI medium in the evaluation of in vitro embryo production, EGA detection, transcriptomic and proteomic profile, which was confirmed by the positive activation of the embryonal genome in the 4-cell stage of parthenogenetically activated embryos.

• MeSH
• blastocysta účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• fertilizace in vitro MeSH
• fibroblastový růstový faktor 2 * farmakologie   MeSH
• insulinu podobný růstový faktor I * farmakologie   MeSH
• kultivační média * chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• leukemický inhibiční faktor * farmakologie   MeSH
• oocyty MeSH
• prasata embryologie   genetika   MeSH
• proteomika MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH