Fluid collections are common manifestations of local complications of acute pancreatitis (AP). The determination of fluid collections is important in stratifying the severity of the course of acute pancreatitis and choosing the appropriate management. In this study, the frequency of detection of fluid effusions by various instrumental methods and their clinical significance in 677 patient was assessed, taking into account the severity of the course of AP and anatomical localization of fluid accumulations. The computed tomography (CT) method showed its advantage in detecting fluid effusions in the pleural cavities, while the ultrasound method showed its indisputable significant advantage in the diagnosis of fluid effusions located parapancreatically and in the lesser sac: the highest frequency of detection of fluid effusion was in 65.3% of all patients in the general group using CT compared to 39% using ultrasound and 12.5% using chest X-ray (p<0.05). Each of the above methods showed different sensitivity depending on the anatomical areas of fluid effusion detection. In particular, the CT method revealed the presence of fluid in the pleural cavities in 50.7% of the total group, in the abdominal cavity in 36.0% of cases, and only in 8.0% of cases in the parapancreatic or lesser sac. The opposite picture was revealed when using the ultrasound method, in which fluid was found in the parapancreatic/lesser sac in the largest number of cases - 28.1%, in the abdominal cavity - in 22.6% of cases, and in the pleural cavity - in 14.3% of cases.

• MeSH
• Acute Disease MeSH
• Ascites * diagnostic imaging   etiology   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Clinical Relevance MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Pancreatitis * diagnostic imaging   complications   diagnosis   MeSH
• Pleural Effusion * diagnostic imaging   etiology   diagnosis   MeSH
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed * methods   MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Ultrasonography * methods   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

Úvod: Syndrom chronické pánevní bolesti (CPPS) je časté onemocnění u žen. Kategorizace stavu je určena příčinou bolesti. Organická bolest doprovází konkrétní onemocnění a zmírňuje se hlavně tím, že se řeší hlavní příčina základní poruchy. Bolest neznámého původu, inaparentní, je zřídka adekvátně zvládnuta. Syndrom myofasciální bolesti pánevního dna je často prezentován jejími různými formami. Frekvence CPPS se odhaduje u přibližně 10 % ženské populace. Myofasciální spoušťové body jsou často identifikovány jako zdroj bolesti. Je to zvláštní forma ischemické lokální svalové bolesti spojené s přenesenou, transferovanou bolestí, která způsobuje, že migruje do odlišné oblasti. Spouštěcí body se liší od klasického vzorce bolesti, často postrádají schopnost hojení a mají tendenci přejít do stavu persistující bolesti. Patofyziologie: Náš přehled se zaměřuje na aktuální teorie týkající se patofyziologie spouštěcích bodů, zejména na hypotézu zahrnující excesivní uvolňování acetylcholinu. Diagnóza: Primárně je založena na různých palpačních technikách. Význam klademe na instrumentální metody jako je elektromyografie, ultrasonografie, USG barevné mapování a elastografie. Terapie: Je zaměřena na eliminaci spouštěcích bodů pomocí různých technik. Používá se metoda suché jehly, aplikace anestetik či antiflogistik. Naší pozornosti neušla velmi oblíbená aplikace botoxu. Jako další se též užívají některé fyzikální techniky včetně elektrografie, laserové aplikace, ultrazvuk a magnetoterapie. Zvláštní pozornost by měla být věnována vhodné aplikaci slibné terapie rázovou vlnou. Diskuze: Myofasciální spouštěcí body se staly oblastí značného zájmu. V tomto sdělení diskutujeme patofyziologii, diagnostiku a léčbu. Zdůrazňujeme potenciální překážky týkající se interpretace, trvání a chronicity bolesti obecně a pánevního dna zvláště.

Introduction: Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) is a common disorder in women. The categorisation of the condition is determined by the cause of the pain. Organic pain accompanies a particular disease and is mainly alleviated by addressing the root cause of the underlying disorder. Pain of unknown origin, inapparent, is seldom resolved or adequately managed. Myofascial pain syndrome in the pelvic floor is often linked to different forms of pain. The frequency of CPPS is estimated to be approximately 10% of the female population. Myofascial trigger points are often identified as a source of pain. It is a particular form of ischaemic local muscle pain associated with referred pain, which causes it to migrate to a distinct region. Trigger points differ from a classical pain pattern and have difficulty healing. They often lack healing capability and tend to transition into a state of more persistent pain. Pathophysiology: Our review focuses on recent theories regarding the pathophysiology of trigger points, particularly the hypothesis involving excessive acetylcholine release. Diagnosis: Is based on different palpation techniques. We emphasize instrumental methods such as electromyography, ultrasonography, colour flow mapping and elastography. Therapy: Is focused on eliminating trigger points through the use of different techniques. Dry needling, wet needling, anesthetic, and antiflogistic applications are frequently employed. The highly popular use of Botox has not escaped our attention. Moreover, implementing physical techniques, including electrography, laser application, ultrasound and magnetotherapy, is also useful. Special attention should be paid to properly applying promising shock wave therapy. Discussion: Myofascial trigger points have become an area of considerable interest. In this brief note, we discuss pathophysiology, diagnostics and treatment. We highlight potential hindrances concerning the interpretation, duration and chronicity of pain.

OBJECTIVES: To develop an Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) ultrasonography score for monitoring disease activity in giant cell arteritis (GCA) and evaluate its metric properties. METHODS: The OMERACT Instrument Selection Algorithm was followed. Forty-nine members of the OMERACT ultrasonography large vessel vasculitis working group were invited to seven Delphi rounds. An online reliability exercise was conducted using images of bilateral common temporal arteries, parietal and frontal branches as well as axillary arteries from 16 patients with GCA and 7 controls. Sensitivity to change and convergent construct validity were tested using data from a prospective cohort of patients with new GCA in which ultrasound-based intima-media thickness (IMT) measurements were conducted at weeks 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24. RESULTS: Agreement was obtained (92.7%) for the OMERACT GCA Ultrasonography Score (OGUS), calculated as follows: sum of IMT measured in every segment divided by the rounded cut-off values of IMTs in each segment. The resulting value is then divided by the number of segments available. Thirty-five members conducted the reliability exercise, the interrater intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the OGUS was 0.72-0.84 and the median intrareader ICC was 0.91. The prospective cohort consisted of 52 patients. Sensitivity to change between baseline and each follow-up visit up to week 24 yielded standardised mean differences from -1.19 to -2.16, corresponding to large and very large magnitudes of change, respectively. OGUS correlated moderately with erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C reactive protein and Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (corrcoeff 0.37-0.48). CONCLUSION: We developed a provisional OGUS for potential use in clinical trials.

• MeSH
• Temporal Arteries diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Carotid Intima-Media Thickness MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Giant Cell Arteritis * diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Prospective Studies MeSH
• Reproducibility of Results MeSH
• Ultrasonography methods   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

Autoři v příspěvku poukazují na možnosti využití dvou přístrojů 3D scaneru a ultrazvukového vyšetření v praxi fyzioterapeuta. Na příkladu pacientky po distorzi kolenního kloubu, u níž přetrvával i po prodělaných opakovaných artroskopických operacích a absolvované, vč. stále probíhající rehabilitace, omezený rozsah kolenního kloubu, který by v daném časovém horizontu měl být již upraven, demonstrují jednoduchost a přínos těchto nových metod, které se jeví vhodným doplňkem při vyšetřovacích postupech v oblasti rehabilitace.

The authors point out the possibilities of using two devices – a 3D scanner and ultrasound examination in the practice of a physiotherapist. They present a case study of a patient after knee joint distortion with limited extension of the knee joint persisting after repeated arthroscopic operations and ongoing rehabilitation although the time of treatment should normally be sufficient for resolving the problem, and demonstrate the simplicity and benefits of these new methods, which seem to be a suitable complement to assessment procedures used in rehabilitation.

• Keywords
• 3D scaner,
• MeSH
• Arthroscopy MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Knee Joint * pathology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Rehabilitation * instrumentation   MeSH
• Ultrasonography MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Imaging, Three-Dimensional MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Case Reports MeSH

• MeSH
• Foreign Bodies MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Masturbation complications   MeSH
• Penis * injuries   MeSH
• Ultrasonography methods   MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Publication type
• Case Reports MeSH

Cieľ práce: Popísať prípad ektopickej gravidity v jazve po cisárskom reze a jej úspešnú liečbu použitím techniky sonograficky riadenej vákuumaspirácie. Kazuistika: Prezentovaný je prípad 35-ročnej pacientky s anamnézou dvoch cisárskych rezov odoslanej obvodným gynekológom v 6. týždni tehotenstva s podozrením na patologickú lokalizáciu gravidity v jazve po cisárskom reze. Dokumentovaný je postup diagnostiky a liečby ektopickej gravidity v jazve po predchádzajúcich cisárskych rezoch úspešne vyriešenej použitím sonograficky riadenej vaginálnej vákuumaspirácie. Záver: Gravidita v jazve po cisárskom reze vzniká ako následná komplikácia predchádzajúcich cisárskych rezov či iných inštrumentálnych výkonov na maternici. Použitie techniky sonograficky riadenej vákuumaspirácie sa javí ako úspešná metóda liečby gravidity v jazve po cisárskom reze.

Objective: To describe the case of ectopic pregnancy in the scar after caesarean section and its successful treatment using the technique of sonographically controlled vacuum aspiration. Case report: The case of a 35-year-old patient with a history of two caesarean sections referred by a district gynecologist in the 6th week of pregnancy with suspected pathological localization of pregnancy in a scar after a previous caesarean section. The procedure for the diagnosis and treatment of ectopic pregnancy in the scar after previous caesarean sections has been successfully resolved using sonographically controlled vaginal vacuum aspiration. Conclusion: Caesarean scar pregnancy occurs as a complication of previous caesarean section or other uterine instrumental performances. The use of the sonographically controlled vacuum aspiration technique appears to be a successful method of treating pregnancy in a scar after a caesarean section. Publication ethics: The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE "uniform requirement

• MeSH
• Cesarean Section adverse effects   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Ultrasonography, Interventional methods   MeSH
• Cicatrix diagnostic imaging   etiology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Pregnancy, Ectopic * surgery   diagnostic imaging   ethnology   MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Vacuum Curettage MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Case Reports MeSH

• MeSH
• Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures MeSH
• Internal Medicine MeSH
• Publication type
• Textbook MeSH

• Conspectus
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NML Fields
• vnitřní lékařství
• diagnostika

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: For uterine cervical cancer, the recently revised International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system (2018) incorporates imaging and pathology assessments in its staging. In this review we summarize the reported staging performances of conventional and novel imaging methods and provide an overview of promising novel imaging methods relevant for cervical cancer patient care. RECENT FINDINGS: Diagnostic imaging during the primary diagnostic work-up is recommended to better assess tumor extent and metastatic disease and is now reflected in the 2018 FIGO stages 3C1 and 3C2 (positive pelvic and/or paraaortic lymph nodes). For pretreatment local staging, imaging by transvaginal or transrectal ultrasound (TVS, TRS) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is instrumental to define pelvic tumor extent, including a more accurate assessment of tumor size, stromal invasion depth, and parametrial invasion. In locally advanced cervical cancer, positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) or computed tomography (CT) is recommended, since the identification of metastatic lymph nodes and distant metastases has therapeutic consequences. Furthermore, novel imaging techniques offer visualization of microstructural and functional tumor characteristics, reportedly linked to clinical phenotype, thus with a potential for further improving risk stratification and individualization of treatment. Diagnostic imaging by MRI/TVS/TRS and PET-CT/CT is instrumental for pretreatment staging in uterine cervical cancer and guides optimal treatment strategy. Novel imaging techniques may also provide functional biomarkers with potential relevance for developing more targeted treatment strategies in cervical cancer.

• MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Lymphatic Metastasis MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods   MeSH
• Uterine Cervical Neoplasms diagnostic imaging   pathology   therapy   MeSH
• Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography methods   MeSH
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods   MeSH
• Neoplasm Staging MeSH
• Ultrasonography methods   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Review MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To identify and synthesize the best available evidence on the application of musculoskeletal (MSK) ultrasound (US) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to present the measurement properties of US in different elementary lesions and pathologies. METHODS: A systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was performed. Original articles were included that were published in English between August 1, 2014, and December 31, 2018, reporting US, Doppler, synovitis, joint effusion, bone erosion, tenosynovitis, and enthesitis in patients with SLE. Data extraction focused on the definition and quantification of US-detected synovitis, joint effusion, bone erosion, tenosynovitis, enthesitis, and the measurement properties of US according to the OMERACT Filter 2.1 instruments selection. RESULTS: Of the 143 identified articles, 15 were included. Most articles were cross-sectional studies (14/15, 93%). The majority of the studies used the OMERACT definitions for ultrasonographic pathology. Regarding the measurement properties of US in different elementary lesions and pathologies, all studies dealt with face validity, content validity, and feasibility. Most studies achieved construct validity. Concerning the reliability of image reading, 1 study (1/15, 7%) assessed both intraobserver and interobserver reliability. For image acquisition, 4 studies (4/15, 27%) evaluated interobserver reliability and none had evaluated intraobserver reliability. Criterion validity was assessed in 1 study (1/15, 7%). Responsiveness was not considered in any of the studies. CONCLUSION: This literature review demonstrates the need for further research and validation work to define the involvement of US as an outcome measurement instrument for the MSK manifestations in patients with SLE.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Enthesopathy diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Outcome Assessment, Health Care methods   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Musculoskeletal System diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Cross-Sectional Studies MeSH
• Arthritis, Psoriatic diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Reproducibility of Results MeSH
• Arthritis, Rheumatoid diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Feasibility Studies MeSH
• Severity of Illness Index MeSH
• Synovitis diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Tenosynovitis diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Ultrasonography, Doppler methods   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Systematic Review MeSH

• Keywords
• angličtina,
• MeSH
• Linguistics MeSH
• Oral Medicine MeSH
• Publication type
• Dictionary MeSH
• Textbook MeSH

• Conspectus
• Stomatologie
• Angličtina
• NML Fields
• zubní lékařství
• lingvistika, lékařská terminologie