... and Nonsampling Errors, 5 -- 1.4 Models in Sampling, 5 -- 1.5 Adaptive and Nonadaptive Designs, 6 -- ... ... Adaptive Sampling Designs -- 23.1 Adaptive and Conventional Designs and Estimators, 285 -- 23.2 Brief ... ... Survey of Adaptive Sampling, 286 -- 283 -- 285 -- 24. ... ... Estimation Using Initial Intersection Probabilities, 295 When Adaptive Cluster Sampling Is Better Than ... ... Simple Random Sampling, 297 Expected Sample Size, Cost, and Yield, 298 Comparative Efficiencies of Adaptive ...
Wiley series in probability and statistics
1st ed. xvii, 367 s.
... Introduction: Brain Designs are Adaptive Designs 1 -- 1.2. ... ... Adaptive Inhibitory Efference Copy in Motor Control 113 -- 4.4. ... ... Adaptation To Strabismus Surgery 140 -- 5.5. ... ... Dynamic Linearization: Adaptive Sampling during Saccades 151 -- 5.10. ... ... Coupled Vector and Adaptive Gain Learning 281 -- 11.14. ...
Advances in psychology ; 30
xvi, 336 stran : ilustrace ; 23 cm
- Conspectus
- Psychologie
- NML Fields
- oftalmologie
- psychologie, klinická psychologie
- NML Publication type
- kolektivní monografie
The possibility of Miscanthus×giganteus cultivation as an energy crop on the different types of mining rocks was studied. It was revealed that a loess-like loam and red-brown clay with the added black soil were the most suitable for plant growing. The yield of dry above-ground biomass ranged from 4.3 to 6.8 t DM ha-1 after the first year of cultivation and from 8.9 to 9.7 t DM ha-1 after the second year while using these substrates. The application of amendments stimulated the growth and development of plants and increased productivity from 50 to 140%. M.×giganteus showed sufficient tolerance and good enough growth on the geochemically active dark-gray schist clay with yield from 2 to 3 t DM ha-1 after the first year of cultivation already. For plants grown on the different strata of dark-gray schist clay, the thermal decomposition of the biomass took place in four stages in the temperature range from 30 to 640 °C. The samples grown on stratum 0-20 cm showed the highest reactivity with a peak 30.6%/min at 290 °C. There were differences in the concentrations of determined heavy metals: iron, zinc, copper, and lead in the plant tissues depending on the layer depth of dark-gray schist clay from 0 to 20 cm to 40-60 cm. The relatively limited content of heavy metals in the above-ground biomass was due to the preferential accumulation in the roots.
- MeSH
- Adaptation, Biological * MeSH
- Biomass MeSH
- Mining * MeSH
- Plant Roots chemistry growth & development MeSH
- Soil Pollutants analysis MeSH
- Poaceae chemistry growth & development MeSH
- Soil chemistry MeSH
- Metals, Heavy analysis MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Ukraine MeSH
Three polysaccharide complexes (PSCs) were isolated from the aerial parts of common purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.), and the flowers of common lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) and silver linden (Tilia tomentosa Moench) by boiling water extraction and ethanol precipitation. The chemical composition and immunomodulating effects of isolated PSCs were characterized. The chemical characterization revealed that the three samples contain mainly pectic polysaccharides. They exhibited ex vivo intestinal immunomodulating activity through the murine Peyer's patch-mediated bone marrow cell proliferation test at 100μg/ml concentration. At the same time, they stimulated ex vivo human blood T-cell populations (CD4+/CD25+ and CD8+/CD25+), phagocytic leukocytes (CD14+ and CD64+ cells) and induced IL-6 production from human white blood cells and Peyer's patch cells. The herbal PSCs stimulated ex vivo ROS production from whole blood phagocytes and showed unspecific in vitro anti-proliferative activity against normal and A549, HeLa and LS180 tumor cells. This is the first report on immunomodulating studies of linden flower pectins and chemical and biological activity characterization of lavender polysaccharides. Our study demonstrates that similarly to purslane, lavender and silver linden herbal materials contain immunomodulating polysaccharides that could be useful for support of compromised immune system.
- MeSH
- Adaptive Immunity drug effects MeSH
- Immunomodulation drug effects MeSH
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration MeSH
- Lavandula chemistry MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Cell Line, Tumor MeSH
- Pectins chemistry MeSH
- Peyer's Patches drug effects immunology MeSH
- Polysaccharides chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Portulaca chemistry MeSH
- Immunity, Innate drug effects MeSH
- Antineoplastic Agents chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Tilia chemistry MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
The effects of sampling artifacts are often not fully considered in the design of air monitoring with active air samplers. Semivolatile organic contaminants (SVOCs) are particularly vulnerable to a range of sampling artifacts because of their wide range of gas-particle partitioning and degradation rates, and these can lead to erroneous measurements of air concentrations and a lack of comparability between sites with different environmental and sampling conditions. This study used specially adapted filter-sorbent sampling trains in three types of active air samplers to investigate breakthrough of SVOCs, and the possibility of other sampling artifacts. Breakthrough volumes were experimentally determined for a range of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in sampling volumes from 300 to 10,000 m(3), and sampling durations of 1-7 days. In parallel, breakthrough was estimated based on theoretical sorbent-vapor pressure relationships. The comparison of measured and theoretical determinations of breakthrough demonstrated good agreement between experimental and estimated breakthrough volumes, and showed that theoretical breakthrough estimates should be used when developing air monitoring protocols. Significant breakthrough in active air samplers occurred for compounds with vapor pressure >0.5 Pa at volumes <700 m(3). Sample volumes between 700 and 10,000 m(3) may lead to breakthrough for compounds with vapor pressures between 0.005 and 0.5 Pa. Breakthrough is largely driven by sample volume and compound volatility (therefore indirectly by temperature) and is independent of sampler type. The presence of significant breakthrough at "typical" sampling conditions is relevant for air monitoring networks, and may lead to under-reporting of more volatile SVOCs.
Cílem studie bylo posouzení přítomnosti depresivní symptomatologie u dětí po léčbě nádorového onemocnění. Soubor tvořilo 91 bývalých dětských onkologických pacientů (47 dívek) ve věku 9 – 19 let. Vyšetření depresivity bylo provedeno v rozmezí dvou až pěti let od ukončení léčby v rámci monitorování pozdních následků léčby a kvality života bývalých dětských onkologických pacientů. Výsledky byly porovnány s kontrolní skupinou dětských pacientů s chronickým onemocněním a skupinou zdravých dětí. Vyšetření depresivity bylo provedeno prostřednictvím dotazníku CDI. Přínosem studie je srovnání skupin v rámci jednotlivých subškál dotazníku CDI (špatná nálada, interpersonální problémy, nevýkonnost, anhedonie, negativní sebehodnocení) za účelem přesnější identifikace okruhu případných problémů přeživších. Bývalí dětští onkologičtí pacienti mají významně nižší hodnoty depresivní symptomatologie v porovnání s oběma porovnávacími skupinami. Signifikantně nižší míra depresivity u dětí po léčbě onkologického onemocnění byla identifikována v oblastech špatná nálada, anhedonie a negativní sebehodnocení. Ve shodě se současnými výzkumnými poznatky nabízíme několik možných interpretací získaných výsledků.
Objective. The purpose of this study was to explore symptoms of depression in childhood cancer survivors. Sample and setting. The study included 91 childhood cancer survivors (47 girls) aged 9-19. Depressiveness was measured by means of the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) within a period of two to five years after treatment completion while monitoring the late effects of oncological treatment and survivors' quality of life. The data has been compared to a group of child patients with another chronic disease and a group of healthy children (comparison groups). Hypotheses. The aim of the study was to identify whether possible differences between the individual groups of respondents manifest themselves in some specific CDI subscales and thus help better identify possible complaints among the survivors. Statistical analysis. The sum scores for the whole CDI scale and its sub-scales were compared by factor analysis of variance. Results. Former oncological patients (study group) scored significantly lower in the CDI in comparison to both comparison groups, and the analysis of individual CDI subscales has established a significant difference between the study group and the two comparison groups in relation to the Negative Mood, Anhedonia and Negative Self-esteem subscales. The lowest depressiveness scores have been explored on the specified subscales for the cancer survivor group. Study limitation. The research has the usual limitations arising from the fact that a self-report method was used. CDI data should be verified using projective testing and an interview in future research.
- Keywords
- děti po léčbě nádorového onemocnění, pozdní následky léčby,
- MeSH
- Time MeSH
- Chronic Disease psychology MeSH
- Depression * diagnosis MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Quality of Life * psychology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Neoplasms psychology MeSH
- Survivors * psychology MeSH
- Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
- Convalescence psychology MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Comparative Study MeSH
Electrogastrographic examination (EGG) is a noninvasive method for an investigation of a stomach slow wave propagation. The typical range of frequency for EGG signal is from 0.015 to 0.15 Hz or (0.015-0.3 Hz) and the signal usually is captured with sampling frequency not exceeding 4 Hz. In this paper a new approach of method for recording the EGG signals with high sampling frequency (200 Hz) is proposed. High sampling frequency allows collection of signal, which includes not only EGG component but also signal from other organs of the digestive system such as the duodenum, colon as well as signal connected with respiratory movements and finally electrocardiographic signal (ECG). The presented method allows improve the quality of analysis of EGG signals by better suppress respiratory disturbance and extract new components from high sampling electrogastrographic signals (HSEGG) obtained from abdomen surface. The source of the required new signal components can be inner organs such as the duodenum and colon. One of the main problems that appear during analysis the EGG signals and extracting signal components from inner organs is how to suppress the respiratory components. In this work an adaptive filtering method that requires a reference signal is proposed. In the present research, the respiratory component is obtained from non standard ECG (NSECG) signal. For purposes of this paper non standard ECG (namely NSECG) is used, because ECG signal was recorded by other than the standard electrodes placement on the surface of the abdomen. The electrocardiographic derived respiration signal (EDR) is extracted using the phenomena of QRS complexes amplitude modulation by respiratory movements. The main idea of extracting the EDR signal from electrocardiographic signal is to obtain the modulating signal. Adaptive filtering is done in the discrete cosine transform domain. Next the resampled HSEGG signal with attenuated respiratory components is low pass filtered and as a result the extended electrogastrographic signals, included EGG signal and components from other inner organs of digestive system is obtained. One of additional features of the proposed method is a possibility to obtain simultaneously recorded signals, such as: non-standard derivation of ECG, heart rate variability signal, respiratory signal, and EGG signal that allow investigating mutual interferences among internal human systems.
BACKGROUND: Adjuvanticity, which is the ability of neoplastic cells to deliver danger signals, is critical for the host immune system to mount spontaneous and therapy-driven anticancer immune responses. One of such signals, i.e., the exposure of calreticulin (CALR) on the membrane of malignant cells experiencing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, is well known for its role in the activation of immune responses to dying cancer cells. However, the potential impact of CALR on the immune contexture of primary and metastatic high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSCs) and its prognostic value for patients with HGSC remains unclear. METHOD: We harnessed a retrospective cohort of primary (no = 152) and metastatic (no = 74) tumor samples from HGSC patients to investigate the CALR expression in relation with prognosis and function orientation of the tumor microenvironment. IHC data were complemented with transcriptomic and functional studies on second prospective cohort of freshly resected HGSC samples. In silico analysis of publicly available RNA expression data from 302 HGSC samples was used as a confirmatory approach. RESULTS: We demonstrate that CALR exposure on the surface of primary and metastatic HGSC cells is driven by a chemotherapy-independent ER stress response and culminates with the establishment of a local immune contexture characterized by TH1 polarization and cytotoxic activity that enables superior clinical benefits. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that CALR levels in primary and metastatic HGSC samples have robust prognostic value linked to the activation of clinically-relevant innate and adaptive anticancer immune responses.
- MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Calreticulin immunology MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Tumor Microenvironment genetics immunology MeSH
- Ovarian Neoplasms genetics immunology MeSH
- Prognosis MeSH
- RNA-Seq MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
PURPOSE: Image-guided adaptive brachytherapy (IGABT) is currently state of the art in the comprehensive treatment of patients with cervical cancer. Here, we report mature clinical data regarding IGABT of cervical cancer in a large patient sample, examining clinical outcomes, manifestations of late toxicities, and dosimetric findings. METHODS: Between May 2012 and October 2020, we performed a total of 544 uterovaginal IGABT applications in 131 consecutive patients with biopsy-proven cervical carcinoma not suitable for surgery. The median duration of follow-up was 43 months. RESULTS: The estimated 3‐, 4‐, and 5‐year LC rates were 88.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 81.1-95.5), 86.9% (95% CI 78.5-95.3), and 85.5% (95% CI 76-95%), respectively. The 3‐, 4‐, and 5‐year OS estimates were 72.66% (95% CI 63.64-81.69%), 68.9% (95% CI 59.15-78.66%), and 63.96% (95% CI 52.94-74.97%), respectively. Patients who received ≥ 5 cycles of chemotherapy had statistically significantly better 3‐year recurrence-free survival (RFS) compared to patients who completed <5 cycles (79.07% [95% CI 60.81-97.34] vs. 58.10% [95% CI 47.22-68.98]; p = 0.0185). We recorded manifestations of genitourinary and gastrointestinal toxicity grade ≥3 in 6.9% and 5.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our mature long-term data on the treatment patients with locally advanced cervical cancer show that excellent treatment outcomes can be achieved with MRI-based IGABT, as well as acceptable late morbidity.
- MeSH
- Brachytherapy * adverse effects MeSH
- Radiotherapy Dosage MeSH
- Chemoradiotherapy adverse effects MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging MeSH
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms * diagnostic imaging radiotherapy MeSH
- Radiotherapy, Image-Guided * adverse effects MeSH
- Neoplasm Staging MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Vychádzajúc z ekologickej perspektívy chápem náhlu zmenu zdravotného stavu a s ňou spojenú potrebu požiadať o miesto v celoročnom zariadení pre seniorov ako situáciu, v ktorej sa kumulujú všetky tri príčiny, ktoré autori označili za možné príčiny maladaptácie (Germain, Bloom, 1991; Germain, Gitterman, 2011). Skúmať, ako takýto zhluk príčin vplýva na klienta, je síce náročné, ale nevyhnutné. V rámci špecifického výskumu 5/2011 „Adaptační proces seniorů na život v ústavní péči“ som sa pokúsila získať informácie, ktoré mi umožnia nielen lepšie porozumieť klientke/ klientovi počas procesu adaptácie, ale tiež zistiť, či môže ekologická perspektíva prispieť k lepšiemu porozumeniu jej/jeho adaptačného procesu. V mojom príspevku približujem len čiastkové výsledky tejto výskumnej úlohy, vzťahujúce sa k výskumnému šetreniu realizovanému v zariadeniach pre seniorov na Slovensku. Vzhľadom k cieľu som si zvolila kvalitatívnu výskumnú stratégiu, konkrétne designe ilustračnej prípadovej štúdie (Yin, 2003; Zainal, 2007). Pri takto designovanej výskumnej práci výskumník pracuje s minimálnym počtom sledovaných prípadov, čo mu umožňuje uchopenie problému z viacerých rovín. Výskumnú vzorku tvorili dvaja seniori (muž vo veku 82 rokov a žena vo veku 76 rokov), ktorí boli klientmi zariadenia a v čase nášho výskumu prechádzali adaptačným procesom, dve sociálne pracovníčky, dve zdravotné sestry a rodinní príslušníci seniorov. V jednom prípade išlo o dcéru a zaťa klientky, v druhom prípade o syna a vnučku klienta. Získané výsledky poukázali na vzťah medzi sociálnou rolou, ktorú senior/seniorka v predchádzajúcom období zastával/zastávala a úspešnosťou samotnej adaptácie. Zároveň získané informácie naznačujú možnosti, ktoré do praxe sociálnej práce prináša práve ekologický prístup.
Based on the ecological perspective, we can understand sudden changes in the health condition and associated requirements for position in the year-round inclusion of seniors as a situation, in which all the three causes are accumulated referred to by authors as possible reasons for the maladaptation (Germain, Bloom, 1991; Germain, Gitterman, 2011). The examination of effects on the client due to this cluster of causes is tedious, but it is unavoidable. Within the framework of a specific research 5/2011 “Process of adaptation of seniors to their life under the institutional care”, I attempted to acquire data which could make it possible not only to improve understanding the client (man or women) in the course of the adaptation process, but also to determine whether the ecological perspective can bring a contribution to better understanding of his/her adaptation process. In my contribution, I mention only partial results of this research project concerning the research examination implemented in institutions for seniors in Slovakia. Given the target, I chose a qualitative research strategy, particularly design of an illustrative case study (Yin, 2003; Zainal, 2007). In the research work designed in this way, the investigator works with a minimum number of cases examined, which makes him/her possible to consider problems from different points of view. The research sample consisted of two seniors (a men aged 82 years and women aged 76 years), who were clients of the institution and in the course of our research, they were subjected to the adaptation process, two social workers, two nurses and members of families of the seniors. In one case, this was a daughter and son-in-law of the female client, and in the second case, this was a son and grand-daughter of the male client. The results acquired demonstrated relationships between the social role played by the male senior/female senior in the previous period and success of the adaptation itself. The data obtained simultaneously indicate possibilities brought into the social work practice just by the ecological approach.
- MeSH
- Adaptation, Psychological * MeSH
- Homes for the Aged * MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Aged * MeSH
- Social Adjustment * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged * MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
