BACKGROUND: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) still has a relatively high complication rate, underscoring the importance of high-quality training. Despite existing guidelines, real-world data on training conditions remain limited. This pan-European survey aims to systematically explore the perceptions surrounding ERCP training. METHODS: A survey was distributed through the friends of United European Gastroenterology (UEG) Young Talent Group network to physicians working in a UEG member or associated states who regularly performed ERCPs. RESULTS: Of 1035 respondents from 35 countries, 649 were eligible for analysis: 228 trainees, 225 trainers, and 196 individuals who regularly performed ERCP but were neither trainees nor trainers. The mean age was 43 years, with 72.1% identifying as male, 27.6% as female, and 0.3% as non-binary. The majority (80.1%) agreed that a structured training regimen is desirable. However, only 13.7% of trainees and 28.4% of trainers reported having such a structured program in their institutions. Most respondents (79.7%) supported the concept of concentrating training in centers meeting specific quality metrics, with 64.1% suggesting a threshold of 200 annual ERCPs as a prerequisite. This threshold revealed that 36.4% of trainees pursued training in lower-volume centers performing <200 ERCPs annually. As many as 70.1% of trainees performed <50 annual ERCPs, whereas only 5.0% of trainers performed <50 ERCPs annually. A low individual trainee caseload (<50 ERCPs annually) was more common in lower-volume centers than in higher-volume centers (82.9% vs. 63.4%). CONCLUSIONS: The first pan-European survey investigating ERCP training conditions reveals strong support for structured training and the concentration of training efforts within centers meeting specific quality metrics. Furthermore, this survey exposes the low availability of structured training programs with many trainees practicing at lower-volume centers and 71% of all trainees having little hands-on exposure. These data should motivate to standardize ERCP training conditions further and ultimately improve patient care throughout Europe.

• MeSH
• cholangiopankreatografie endoskopická retrográdní * normy   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• gastroenterologie * výchova   MeSH
• klinické kompetence normy   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• studium lékařství specializační postgraduální * normy   metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

BACKGROUND: Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists have been shown to reduce mortality in patients after myocardial infarction with congestive heart failure. Whether routine use of spironolactone is beneficial after myocardial infarction is uncertain. METHODS: In this multicenter trial with a 2-by-2 factorial design, we randomly assigned patients with myocardial infarction who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention to receive either spironolactone or placebo and either colchicine or placebo. The results of the spironolactone trial are reported here. The two primary outcomes were a composite of death from cardiovascular causes or new or worsening heart failure, evaluated as the total number of events; and a composite of the first occurrence of myocardial infarction, stroke, new or worsening heart failure, or death from cardiovascular causes. Safety was also assessed. RESULTS: We enrolled 7062 patients at 104 centers in 14 countries; 3537 patients were assigned to receive spironolactone and 3525 to receive placebo. At the time of our analyses, the vital status was unknown for 45 patients (0.6%). For the first primary outcome, there were 183 events (1.7 per 100 patient-years) in the spironolactone group as compared with 220 events (2.1 per 100 patient-years) in the placebo group over a median follow-up period of 3 years (hazard ratio adjusted for competing risk of death from noncardiovascular causes, 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69 to 1.21; P = 0.51). With respect to the second primary outcome, an event occurred in 280 of 3537 patients (7.9%) in the spironolactone group and 294 of 3525 patients (8.3%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio adjusted for competing risk, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.13; P = 0.60). Serious adverse events were reported in 255 patients (7.2%) in the spironolactone group and 241 (6.8%) in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with myocardial infarction, spironolactone did not reduce the incidence of death from cardiovascular causes or new or worsening heart failure or the incidence of a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, stroke, or new or worsening heart failure. (Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and others; CLEAR ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03048825.).

• MeSH
• antagonisté mineralokortikoidních receptorů * terapeutické užití   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• cévní mozková příhoda mortalita   MeSH
• dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
• infarkt myokardu * mortalita   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• Kaplanův-Meierův odhad MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci mortalita   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• koronární angioplastika MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• spironolakton * terapeutické užití   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• srdeční selhání * farmakoterapie   mortalita   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

OBJECTIVES: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a common causative pathogen of pneumonia acquired in the intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of PA ICU pneumonia (PAIP) and to quantify its independent association with PA colonization at different body sites. METHODS: Adult patients on mechanical ventilation at ICU admission were prospectively enrolled across 30 European ICUs. PA colonization in the perianal area and in the lower respiratory tract was assessed within 72 hours after ICU admission and twice weekly until ICU discharge. PAIP development was evaluated daily. Competing risk models with colonization as a time-varying exposure and ICU death and discharge as competing events were fitted and adjusted for confounders to investigate the association between PA carriage and PAIP. RESULTS: A total of 1971 subjects were enrolled. The colonization prevalence with PA in the first 72 hours of ICU admission was 10.4% (179 perianal and 51 respiratory), whereas the acquisition incidence during the ICU stay was 7.0% (158 perianal and 47 respiratory). Of the 43 (1.8%) patients who developed PAIP, 11 (25.6%) were PA colonized on admission and 9 (20.9%) acquired colonization before PAIP onset. Both perianal (adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio, 4.4; 95% CI, 1.7-11.6) and respiratory colonization (adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio: 4.6, 95% CI, 1.9-11.1) were independently associated with PAIP development. DISCUSSION: PAIP incidence was higher in PA colonized vs. non-colonized patients. Colonization of both the rectum and of the respiratory tract was associated with development of PAIP. The increased risk of PA colonization for subsequent infection provides an opportunity for targeted preventive interventions.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• infekce spojené se zdravotní péčí epidemiologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• jednotky intenzivní péče * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• přenašečství epidemiologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• pseudomonádové infekce * epidemiologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa * izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ventilátorová pneumonie epidemiologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

Úvod. Adolescencia ako obdobie náhlych a intenzívnych zmien predstavuje dôležitú výskumnú oblasť. Autori čoraz zriedkavejšie skúmajú adolescentov zo špeciálnych výchovných zariadení, u ktorých by zistenia o ich sociálnych kompetenciách a črtách temnej triády mohli prispieť do menej prebádanej oblasti. Vo výskumnej štúdii sa venujeme vzťahom sociálnych kompetencií a čŕt temnej triády u adolescentov zo špeciálnych výchovných zariadení. Skúmame tiež rozdiely medzi adolescentami zo špeciálnych výchovných zariadení a referenčnou skupinou. Metódy. Dáta sme zbierali dotazníkovou formou osobne v štyroch špeciálnych výchovných zariadeniach. Do výskumu sa zapojilo 40 adolescentov. Referenčnú skupinu tvorilo 45 adolescentov. Účasť bola anonymná a výskum bol schválený etickou komisiou Paneurópskej vysokej školy. Výsledky. Pozitívne vzťahy sme zistili medzi dimenziou narcizmu a sebaprezentácie (rs = 0,529), extraverzie (rs = 0,324); psychopatie a extraverzie (rs = 0,358). Negatívnu koreláciu sme zistili medzi narcizmom a počúvaním (rs = -0,409), ako aj machiavelizmom a počúvaním (rs = –0,305). Zistili sme rozdiely v dimenzii prevzatia perspektívy (d = 0,453) v prospech adolescentov z referenčnej skupiny a extraverzie (d = 0,707) v prospech adolescentov zo špeciálnych výchovných zariadení. Závery. Dátami sme podporili empirické zistenia vzťahov machiavelizmu a počúvania; narcizmu a extraverzie, sebaprezentácie a počúvania; psychopatie a extraverzie, ktoré sú v súlade s predošlými výsledkami iných autorov. Nepodporili sme empirické východiská výskumu pri vzťahoch machiavelizmu a prevzatia perspektívy, sebakontroly, emocionálnej stability a sebaprezentácie, ako aj pri vzťahoch psychopatie a prevzatia perspektívy, počúvania a sebakontroly. V článku sa venujeme možným alternatívnym vysvetleniam týchto zistení.

Introduction. Adolescence, as a period of sudden and intense changes, represents an important area of research. Researchers are less likely to study adolescents from special educational institutions, despite the fact that findings regarding their social competencies and dark triad traits could contribute to a less explored domain. In this study, we examine the relationships between social competencies and dark triad traits in adolescents from special educational institutions. We also investigate differences between adolescents from these institutions and a reference group. Methods. Data were collected through questionnaires administered in person at four special educational institutions. A total of 40 adolescents participated in the study. The reference group consisted of 45 adolescents. Participation was anonymous, and the research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Pan-European University. Results. We found positive relationships between the dimension of narcissism and self-presentation (rs = 0,529), extraversion (rs = 0,324); and between psychopathy and extraversion (rs = 0,358). A negative correlation was found between narcissism and listening (rs = -0,409), as well as between Machiavellianism and listening (rs = -0,305). We identified differences in the dimension of perspective-taking (d = 0,453) in favor of adolescents from the reference group and in extraversion (d = 0,707) in favor of adolescents from special educational institutions. Conclusion. Our data supported the empirical findings regarding the relationships between Machiavellianism and listening; narcissism and extraversion; self-presentation and listening; psychopathy and extraversion, which are in line with previous results by other authors. We did not support the empirical foundations of the research in the relationships between Machiavellianism and perspective-taking, self-control, emotional stability, and self-presentation, as well as in the relationships between psychopathy and perspective-taking, listening, and self-control. In the article, we discuss possible alternative explanations for these findings.

Human migration is an increasingly common phenomenon and migrants are at risk of disadvantageous treatment. We reasoned that migrants may receive differential treatment by locals based on the closeness of their facial features to the host average. Residents of Türkiye, the country with the largest number of refugees currently, served as participants. Because many of these refugees are of Arabic origin, we created target facial stimuli varying along the axis connecting Turkish and Arabic morphological prototypes (excluding skin colour) computed using geometric morphometrics and available databases. Participants made judgements of two universal dimensions of social perception-warmth and competence-on these faces. We predicted that participants judging faces manipulated towards the Turkish average would provide higher warmth and competence ratings compared to judging the same faces manipulated towards the Arabic average. Bayesian statistical tools were employed to estimate parameter values in multilevel models with intercorrelated varying effects. The findings did not support the prediction and revealed raters (as well as target faces) to be an important source of variation in social judgements. In the absence of simple cues (e.g. skin colour, group labels), the effect of facial morphology on social judgements may be much more complex than previously assumed.

• MeSH
• Bayesova věta MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mínění * MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• obličej anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• rozpoznání obličeje fyziologie   MeSH
• sociální percepce * MeSH
• stereotypizace * MeSH
• uprchlíci psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Turecko MeSH

Cílem této výzkumné studie bylo hlouběji proniknout do problematiky psychotických dlouhodobě opakovaně volajících klientů Linky seniorů a identifikovat postupy a techniky krizové intervence využívané při práci s těmito klienty. Výzkumný soubor sestával z šesti dlouhodobě opakovaně volajících klientů s psychotickou poruchou. Na základě tematické analýzy dat byla identifikována tři témata, která se objevovala v hovorech s psychotickými dlouhodobě opakovaně volajícími klienty: vztah k léčbě a odborným službám, klient v kontextu reality a potíže v interpersonálních vztazích. Techniky krizové intervence byly prostřednictvím tematické analýzy rozděleny do pěti témat: budování důvěrného vztahu a bezpečného prostředí; identifikace potíží, přerámování pohledu; posilování kompetencí klienta; tvorba či podpora copingových strategií. Výzkum přiblížil zkoumanou klientelu a používané techniky v hovorech s ní, nabídl možnosti dalšího výzkumu.

The aim of the research was to find out more about the psychotic long-term repeat caller clients of the Senior Helpline and to identify crisis intervention techniques used in working with these clients. The research sample consisted of six long-term repeat caller clients with psychotic disorders. Based on thematic analysis, three recurring themes, which appeared in calls with long-term repeat caller clients with psychotic disorders, were identified: the relationship to treatment and professional help, the client in the context of reality, and difficulties in interpersonal relationships. The crisis intervention techniques used in the calls were subsequently divided into five themes through thematic analysis: building a trusting relationship and safe environment; identifying problems, reframing perspectives; enhancing the client’s competencies; and creating or supporting coping strategies. The research provided insight into the clientele studied and the techniques used in conversations with them, and it offered possibilities for further research.

BACKGROUND: Ice hockey is a dynamic game. We can observe collisions between the players that bring a risk of injury. There are many hockey clubs in the Czech Republic. These clubs raise great hockey players and many competing players in various levels of national leagues. The aim of this study was to map injuries in Czech hockey players and outline the situation of injury prevention and body care in ice hockey players. METHODS: We used a questionnaire survey method to obtain data. We received answers from 100 male active Czech ice hockey players, playing in the top three highest men's competitions (Extraleague - 2nd league). Individual injuries were analyzed according to specific body parts, injury type, playing position, level of competition using basic statistical characteristics and relative frequency analyses, including the recovery time, injury reason and the injury statistics per 1000 sporting performances in ice hockey. RESULTS: We found that 81% of participants suffered injuries with the overall incidence of injuries was 17.1 per 1000 sports performances and mainly happened during the match compared to training. The most common injuries were in the head and neck area (25%), often caused by a collision with another player, a stick or puck hit, or a collision with a board. Other frequently injured parts were the knees (21%), where internal ligament injuries predominate, and the shoulders (20%), where we recorded mainly ligament injuries. CONCLUSIONS: There is a high risk of various injury types of ice hockey players, that are developed accidentally in all body parts mostly in the match (mostly upper part of the body and knee) or by overloading (hip/groin area). We recommend strategies to avoid or minimize the injury risk of players. The hockey clubs, coaches, and players should extensively and regularly cooperate with physiotherapists, starting from the younger age of hockey groups, to prevent injuries and use regular strengthening of crucial muscle parts, regeneration, and compensatory exercises. We endorse adequately evaluating dangerous foul actions for referees and disciplinary officials also in minor competitions.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hokej * zranění   MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• sportovní úrazy * epidemiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Mezinárodní vzdělávací program Erasmus+ nabízí studentům jedinečnou příležitost prohloubit své odborné dovednosti a zároveň poznat odlišné kultury. Tento článek reflektuje zkušenosti studentek Střední zdravotnické školy Hradec Králové, které se v únoru 2025 zúčastnily dvoutýdenní stáže ve vesnici Delpitiya na Srí Lance. Text se zaměřuje na kulturní, náboženské, gastronomické a vzdělávací aspekty tohoto pobytu, přičemž analyzuje specifika místního prostředí a jeho vliv na osobní a profesní rozvoj účastnic. Článek zkoumá náboženskou rozmanitost Srí Lanky, upozorňuje na charakteristiku místní kuchyně, zkoumá postupy předškolního vzdělávání a popisuje volnočasové aktivity, které obohatily interkulturní kompetence studentů. Prostřednictvím přímé interakce s místní komunitou si studenti zvýšili svou adaptabilitu, empatii a rozšířili své perspektivy, což dokazuje hodnotu programů mezinárodní mobility pro budoucí zdravotnické pracovníky.

The international Erasmus+ educational program offers students a unique opportunity to deepen their professional skills while experiencing different cultures. This article reflects the experiences of students from the Secondary Medical School of Hradec Králové, who participated in a two-week internship in the village of Delpitiya, Sri Lanka, in February 2025. It focuses on cultural, religious, gastronomic, and educational aspects of their stay, analyzing the specifics of the local environment and its impact on their personal and professional growth. The article explores the religious diversity of Sri Lanka, highlights the characteristics of local cuisine, examines preschool education practices, and describes leisure activities that enriched the students’ intercultural competencies. Through direct interaction with the local community, students enhanced their adaptability, empathy, and broadened their perspectives, demonstrating the value of international mobility programs for future healthcare professionals.

• MeSH
• klinické kompetence MeSH
• odborná způsobilost MeSH
• psychoterapie klasifikace   organizace a řízení   výchova   MeSH
• terminologie jako téma MeSH
• Publikační typ
• zprávy MeSH

Tento článek se zaměřuje na zkušenosti získané ze zahraniční stáže během ošetřovatelské praxe. Popisuje nejen přípravu a průběh stáže, ale také nabízí pohled na finský systém zdravotní péče, který podporuje digitalizaci a modernizaci. Dalšími tématy jsou pracovní podmínky sester a konkrétní návrhy na zlepšení českého zdravotnictví inspirované finským přístupem.

This article focuses on the experience gained during a nursing internship abroad. It describes not only the preparation and the course of the internship, but also offers insights into the Finnish healthcare system that supports digitalization and modernization. Other topics include the working conditions of nurses and concrete suggestions for improving the Czech healthcare system, inspired by the Finnish approach.

• MeSH
• digitální technologie MeSH
• klinické kompetence MeSH
• monitorování fyziologických funkcí MeSH
• mzdy a přídavky MeSH
• odborná praxe MeSH
• ošetřovatelská péče MeSH
• stravovací služby nemocnice MeSH
• studium ošetřovatelství MeSH
• zdravotní péče - kvalita, dosažitelnost a hodnocení MeSH
• zdravotní sestry MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Finsko MeSH