PURPOSE OF REVIEW: A critical evaluation of contemporary literature regarding the role of big data, artificial intelligence, and digital technologies in precision cardio-oncology care and survivorship, emphasizing innovative and groundbreaking endeavors. RECENT FINDINGS: Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm models can automate the risk assessment process and augment current subjective clinical decision tools. AI, particularly machine learning (ML), can identify medically significant patterns in large data sets. Machine learning in cardio-oncology care has great potential in screening, diagnosis, monitoring, and managing cancer therapy-related cardiovascular complications. To this end, large-scale imaging data and clinical information are being leveraged in training efficient AI algorithms that may lead to effective clinical tools for caring for this vulnerable population. Telemedicine may benefit cardio-oncology patients by enhancing healthcare delivery through lowering costs, improving quality, and personalizing care. Similarly, the utilization of wearable biosensors and mobile health technology for remote monitoring holds the potential to improve cardio-oncology outcomes through early intervention and deeper clinical insight. Investigations are ongoing regarding the application of digital health tools such as telemedicine and remote monitoring devices in enhancing the functional status and recovery of cancer patients, particularly those with limited access to centralized services, by increasing physical activity levels and providing access to rehabilitation services. SUMMARY: In recent years, advances in cancer survival have increased the prevalence of patients experiencing cancer therapy-related cardiovascular complications. Traditional cardio-oncology risk categorization largely relies on basic clinical features and physician assessment, necessitating advancements in machine learning to create objective prediction models using diverse data sources. Healthcare disparities may be perpetuated through AI algorithms in digital health technologies. In turn, this may have a detrimental effect on minority populations by limiting resource allocation. Several AI-powered innovative health tools could be leveraged to bridge the digital divide and improve access to equitable care.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH) Phenopacket Schema was released in 2022 and approved by ISO as a standard for sharing clinical and genomic information about an individual, including phenotypic descriptions, numerical measurements, genetic information, diagnoses, and treatments. A phenopacket can be used as an input file for software that supports phenotype-driven genomic diagnostics and for algorithms that facilitate patient classification and stratification for identifying new diseases and treatments. There has been a great need for a collection of phenopackets to test software pipelines and algorithms. Here, we present Phenopacket Store. Phenopacket Store v.0.1.19 includes 6,668 phenopackets representing 475 Mendelian and chromosomal diseases associated with 423 genes and 3,834 unique pathogenic alleles curated from 959 different publications. This represents the first large-scale collection of case-level, standardized phenotypic information derived from case reports in the literature with detailed descriptions of the clinical data and will be useful for many purposes, including the development and testing of software for prioritizing genes and diseases in diagnostic genomics, machine learning analysis of clinical phenotype data, patient stratification, and genotype-phenotype correlations. This corpus also provides best-practice examples for curating literature-derived data using the GA4GH Phenopacket Schema.

• MeSH
• algoritmy MeSH
• databáze genetické MeSH
• fenotyp * MeSH
• genomika * metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• software * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review explores the design and endpoints of perioperative platforms in clinical trials for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). RECENT FINDINGS: The choice of clinical trial design in perioperative platforms for MIBC must align with specific research objectives to ensure robust and meaningful outcomes. Novel designs in perioperative platforms for MIBC integrate bladder-sparing approaches. Primary endpoints such as pathological complete response and disease-free survival are highlighted for their role in expediting trial results in perioperative setting. Incorporating patient-reported outcomes is important to inform healthcare decision makers about the outcomes most meaningful to patients. Given the growing body of evidence, potential biomarkers, predictive and prognostic tools should be considered and implemented when designing trials in perioperative platforms for MIBC. SUMMARY: Effective perioperative platforms for MIBC trials are critical in enhancing patient outcomes. The careful selection and standardization of study designs and endpoints in the perioperative platform are essential for the successful implementation of new therapies and the advancement of personalized treatment approaches in MIBC.

• MeSH
• cystektomie metody   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• invazivní růst nádoru * MeSH
• klinické zkoušky jako téma MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory močového měchýře * chirurgie   patologie   terapie   mortalita   MeSH
• perioperační péče metody   normy   MeSH
• stanovení cílového parametru MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• výzkumný projekt MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Východiska: Úzkostná a únavová porucha je jednou z nejčastějších psychických stresových poruch u dětí a dospívajících s nádorovým onemocněním. Úzkost a únavu lze zvládnout pomocí sedativ a kortikosteroidů, ale mezi vedlejší účinky patří závratě, ospalost a poruchy myšlení a úsudku. Tato studie proto zkoumala vliv rytmických pohybů na úzkost a únavu u dětí s leukemií. Materiál a metody: Tato semiexperimentální studie byla provedena na 7–12letých dětech přijatých na hematologické oddělení nemocnice Ali Bin Abitaleb v íránském Zahedánu, které byly v roce 2023 vybrány na základě náhodného výběru a rozděleny do intervenční a kontrolní skupiny. Dotazníky demografických údajů, úzkosti a únavy byly vyplněny ve dvou fázích před testem a po testu pro obě skupiny. Poté byla data analyzována pomocí softwaru SPSS22. Za hladinu významnosti byla považována hodnota nižší než 0,05. Výsledky: Průměr a směrodatná odchylka skóre únavy a úzkosti u dětí v intervenční i kontrolní skupině se před provedením rytmických pohybů významně nelišily (p < 0,05), ale po provedení rytmických pohybů byl zjištěn významný rozdíl (p = 0,001). Závěr: Naše zjištění naznačují, že rytmické pohyby jako doplňková terapie mohou být využity ke zlepšení kvality života a duševního zdraví onkologicky nemocných dětí a jejich rodin. Kromě toho je hlavním cílem zlepšit celkový stav pacienta a pomoci mu dosáhnout lepšího života. Je však zapotřebí dalšího výzkumu, který by zhodnotil a prozkoumal komplexnost vlivu rytmických pohybů na duševní zdraví dětí s leukemií.

Background: Anxiety and fatigue disorder is one of the most common psychological distress disorders among children and adolescents with cancer. Anxiety and fatigue can be managed with sedatives and corticosteroids, but side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, and impaired thinking and judgment. Therefore, this study examined the effect of rhythmic movements on the anxiety and fatigue of children with leukemia. Materials and methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted on 7–12-year-old children admitted to the hematology department of Ali Bin Abitaleb Hospital in Zahedan, Iran, which were selected based on random sampling divided into intervention and control groups in 2023. Questionnaires of demographic information, anxiety and fatigue were completed in two stages pre-test and post-test for both groups. Then the data were analyzed by SPSS22 software. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered. Results: The mean and standard deviation of fatigue and anxiety scores of children in both intervention and control groups were not significantly different before performing rhythmic movements (P < 0.05), but there was a significant difference after performing rhythmic movements (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that rhythmic movements as an adjunctive therapy can be used to improve the quality of life and mental health of children with cancer and their families. In addition, the main goal is to improve the patient‘s general condition and help the patient achieve a better life. However, more research is needed to evaluate and investigate the complexity of the impact of rhythmic movements on mental health in children with leukemia.

• Klíčová slova
• rytmické pohyby,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• duševní zdraví MeSH
• leukemie * diagnóza   psychologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• terapie cvičením * metody   psychologie   MeSH
• únava etiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• úzkost etiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• výzkumný projekt MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• klinická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Írán MeSH

V minulém článku Strategické hlukové mapy a akční plány snižování hluku 2024, který vyšel v Hygieně 4/2024, byl popsán smysl strategického hlukového mapování a akčních plánů snižování hluku. Tento navazující článek uvádí konkrétní možnosti navržených protihlukových opatření pro jednotlivé zdroje hluku a diskutuje jejich účinnost. Článek ukazuje správný postup při návrhu opatření v akčních plánech a na základě našich vlastních zkušeností upozorňuje na problematická místa. Zamýšlíme se nad významem Akčních plánů a navrhujeme určitá zlepšení, která by mohla přispět k tomu, že se akční plány stanou nedílnou součástí politiky snižování hlukové zátěže obyvatel v ČR

In the previous article Strategic Noise Maps and Action Plans 2024 published in Hygiena 4/2024 we described the meaning of strategic noise mapping and noise reduction action plans. In this follow-up article, we would like to present specific options for proposed measures for individual noise sources and discuss their effectiveness. We will try to show the correct procedure for proposing measures in action plans and, based on our own experience, point out problematic areas. We will reflect on the importance of Action Plans and propose certain improvements that could contribute to making action plans an integral part of the policy of reducing noise pollution in the Czech Republic.

BACKGROUND: The European Medicines Agency has recommended a series of restrictions on the use of sodium valproate (valproate) following research linking its exposure in utero to adverse congenital and neurodevelopmental effects in offspring. Recent research has highlighted a potential increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in children born to males taking valproate prior to conception. Clinicians and patients require guidance regarding suitable alternatives. AIM: To provide an overview of suitable alternatives to valproate in the management of bipolar disorder. METHOD: A narrative review was conducted. Only medications with an established evidence base in managing different phases of bipolar disorder and endorsed within clinical practice guidelines were considered. Eligible guidelines included those (i) where recommendations were informed by a formal guideline development process and (ii) published in English within the last 15 years. REPROTOX® was chosen as the primary information source regarding reproductive safety of alternative medications. RESULTS: Of all second-generation antipsychotics, quetiapine should be considered a first-line alternative to valproate. Lithium has been associated with an increased risk of cardiac malformations, especially Ebstein anomaly, following in utero exposure. However, given its robust efficacy as an antimanic agent and the absolute risk of cardiac abnormalities being low, it's use can still be considered in individuals of child-bearing potential with appropriate monitoring. Carbamazepine treatment should be avoided due to concerns for teratogenicity. Although considered safe in pregnancy, lamotrigine is largely effective at preventing relapse of bipolar depression. Thus, lamotrigine offers limited clinical utility as an alternative to valproate. CONCLUSION: Specific recommendations are made regarding alternatives to valproate in managing bipolar disorder.

• MeSH
• antimanika * škodlivé účinky   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• antipsychotika * škodlivé účinky   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• bipolární porucha * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• kyselina valproová * škodlivé účinky   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• management nemoci * MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Digital health information sources are playing an increasingly prominent role in health promotion, public health and in healthcare systems. Consequently, digital health literacy skills are likewise becoming increasingly important. METHODS: Using a concept validation approach, the aim of the study was to validate a digital health literacy measure applied in the European Health Literacy Survey 2019-2021 (HLS19) of the WHO M-POHL Network, analyzing data from 28,057 respondents from 13 European countries. RESULTS: The scale displayed high internal consistency. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) strengthened the hypothesized one-factor structure. In most countries, the data displayed acceptable fit to the unidimensional Rasch partial credit model (PCM). Pearson correlation with a measure of general health literacy showed sufficient discriminant validity, and a social gradient was found. Testing for predictive validity showed that the scale score predicts health-related outcomes. DISCUSSION: The study shows that considerable proportions of the general adult populations across countries in Europe have limited DHL skills. The level of DHL has direct potential consequences for some forms of health service utilization, in some countries. Implications of the study include recommendations for improving digital health literacy, promoting organizational health literacy and quality assurance for digital health information and resources.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• faktorová analýza statistická MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky normy   MeSH
• psychometrie MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• zdravotní gramotnost * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• validační studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder with heterogeneous clinical manifestations and complex aetiology. Notably, the triple-network model proposes an interesting framework for investigating abnormal neurocircuit activity at rest in schizophrenia. The present study on 30 chronic schizophrenia individuals and 30 controls aimed to explore the differences in EEG resting state effective connectivity within a triple-network model using source-localization-based Directed Transfer Function. Our findings revealed multiband effective connectivity disturbances within default mode (DMN), central executive (CEN), and salience (SN) networks in schizophrenia. The most significant difference was manifested in a global DMN hyperconnectivity, accompanied by low-band hyperconnectivity and high-band hypoconnectivity in CEN, along with the aberrant information flows in SN. In conclusion, our study presents novel insights into schizophrenia neuropathology, with a particular emphasis on the reversed directionality in information flows between hubs of SN, DMN, and CEN. This may be suggested as a promising biomarker of schizophrenia.

• MeSH
• default mode network * patofyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektroencefalografie MeSH
• konektom * metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• nervová síť * patofyziologie   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• schizofrenie * patofyziologie   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

This study aimed to directly compare electroencephalography (EEG) whole-brain patterns of neural dynamics with concurrently measured fMRI BOLD data. To achieve this, we aim to derive EEG patterns based on a spatio-spectral decomposition of band-limited EEG power in the source-reconstructed space. In a large dataset of 72 subjects undergoing resting-state hdEEG-fMRI, we demonstrated that the proposed approach is reliable in terms of both the extracted patterns as well as their spatial BOLD signatures. The five most robust EEG spatio-spectral patterns not only include the well-known occipital alpha power dynamics, ensuring consistency with established findings, but also reveal additional patterns, uncovering new insights into brain activity. We report and interpret the most reproducible source-space EEG-fMRI patterns, along with the corresponding EEG electrode-space patterns, which are better known from the literature. The EEG spatio-spectral patterns show weak, yet statistically significant spatial similarity to their functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signatures, particularly in the patterns that exhibit stronger temporal synchronization with BOLD. However, we did not observe a statistically significant relationship between the EEG spatio-spectral patterns and the classical fMRI BOLD resting-state networks (as identified through independent component analysis), tested as the similarity between their temporal synchronization and spatial overlap. This provides evidence that both EEG (frequency-specific) power and the BOLD signal capture reproducible spatio-temporal patterns of neural dynamics. Instead of being mutually redundant, these only partially overlap, providing largely complementary information regarding the underlying low-frequency dynamics.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Detrimental effects of misinformation were observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Presently, amid Russia's military aggression in Ukraine, another wave of misinformation is spreading on the web and impacting our daily lives, with many citizens and politicians embracing Russian propaganda narratives. Despite the lack of an objective connection between these 2 societal issues, anecdotal observations suggest that supporters of misinformation regarding COVID-19 (BM-C) have also adopted misinformation about the war in Ukraine (BM-U) while sharing similar media use patterns and political attitudes. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a link between respondents' endorsement of the 2 sets of misinformation narratives, and whether some of the selected factors (media use, political trust, vaccine hesitancy, and belief rigidity) are associated with both BM-C and BM-U. METHODS: We conducted a survey on a nationally representative sample of 1623 individuals in the Czech Republic. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to identify the relationship between BM-C and BM-U. In addition, multiple linear regression was used to determine associations between the examined factors and both sets of misinformation. RESULTS: We discovered that BM-C and BM-U were moderately correlated (Spearman ρ=0.57; P<.001). Furthermore, increased trust in Russia and decreased trust in the local government, public media, and Western allies of the Czech Republic predicted both BM-C and BM-U. Media use indicating frustration with and avoidance of public or mainstream media, consumption of alternative information sources, and participation in web-based discussions indicative of epistemic bubbles predicted beliefs in misinformation narratives. COVID-19 vaccine refusal predicted only BM-C but not BM-U. However, vaccine refusers were overrepresented in the BM-U supporters (64/161, 39.8%) and undecided (128/505, 25.3%) individuals. Both beliefs were associated with belief rigidity. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides empirical evidence that supporters of COVID-19 misinformation were susceptible to ideological misinformation aligning with Russian propaganda. Supporters of both sets of misinformation narratives were primarily linked by their shared trust or distrust in the same geopolitical actors and their distrust in the local government.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 * prevence a kontrola   epidemiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• důvěra MeSH
• komunikace * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• odkládání očkování psychologie   MeSH
• pandemie MeSH
• politika MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• vakcíny proti COVID-19 aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Rusko MeSH
• Ukrajina MeSH