methodological challenges
Dotaz
Zobrazit nápovědu
Das Konzept eHealth wird im europäischen Kontext kritisch diskutiert. Unter Mitgliedern der European Federation of Medical Informatics (EFMI) erhobene Herausforderungen werden im Zusammenhang mit zukünftigen eHealth-Entwicklungen in Europa präsentiert. Methoden: Eine qualitative Umfrage mit zehn Fragen zum Thema eHealth wurde unter allen nationalen Mitgliederorganisationen der EFMI durchgeführt. Das gesammelte Material wurde mit Techniken der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse zusammengefasst und entsprechend gruppiert. Ergebnisse: Es lässt sich eine Verschiebung der Ausrichtung neuer eHealth-Projekte, weg von einer reinen Fokussierung auf Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologie hin zu einer gesamtheitlicheren Sichtweise - die das Gesundheitssystem als Ganzes im Fokus haben - feststellen. EHealth-Strategien, organisationale Veränderungen und eine angemessene technologische Infrastruktur
Objectives: To present European reflections on the concept of eHealth and report challenges related to further development of eHealth in Europe. Methods: A survey with 10 questions was distributed to representatives of the national member associations of the European Federation of Medical Informatics (EFMI). The material was summarized using content analysis techniques, generalized and discussed. Results: The results document a shift from a focus on ICT-orientation to initiatives that will development of the entire health system where eHealth strategies, organizational change, and appropriate technological infrastructure are singled out as important aspects. Conclusion: There are urgent needs to discuss eHealth strategies and policies to contribute to capacity building necessary to deploy eHealth applications that support sociable services and innovations in health care. As a contribution, the EFMI community will utilize arenas for capacity building on the European level, and stimulate collaboration across national boarders and health systems.
- MeSH
- informační systémy trendy MeSH
- kooperační chování MeSH
- lékařská informatika trendy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezinárodní spolupráce MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- řízení zdravotnictví trendy MeSH
- systémová integrace MeSH
- ukládání a vyhledávání informací trendy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
Metastases are responsible for most of the cases of death in patients with solid tumors. There is thus an urgent clinical need of better understanding the exact molecular mechanisms and finding novel therapeutics targets and biomarkers of metastatic disease of various tumors. Metastases are formed in a complicated biological process called metastatic cascade. Up to now, proteomics has enabled the identification of number of metastasis-associated proteins and potential biomarkers in cancer tissues, microdissected cells, model systems, and secretomes. Expression profiles and biological role of key proteins were confirmed in verification and functional experiments. This communication reviews these observations and analyses the methodological aspects of the proteomics approaches used. Moreover, it reviews contribution of current proteomics in the field of functional characterization and interactome analysis of proteins involved in various events in metastatic cascade. It is evident that ongoing technical progress will further increase proteome coverage and sample capacity of proteomics technologies, giving complex answers to clinical and functional questions asked.
AIM: This systematic review aims to identify methodological and ethical challenges in designing and conducting research at the end of life from the perspective of researchers and provide a set of recommendations. BACKGROUND: Conducting research with patients and family carers facing end-of-life issues is ethically and methodologically complex. DESIGN: A systematic review was conducted. DATA SOURCES: Four databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycInfo) were searched from inception until the end of 2021 in February 2022. REVIEW METHODS: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews was followed, and the JBI Approach to qualitative synthesis was used for analysis. RESULTS: Seventeen of 1983 studies met inclusion criteria. Data were distilled to six main themes. These included (1) the need for flexibility at all stages of the research process; (2) careful attention to timing; (3) sensitivity in approach; (4) the importance of stakeholder collaboration; (5) the need for unique researcher skills; and (6) the need to deal with the issue of missing data. CONCLUSION: The findings illuminate several considerations that can inform training programmes, ethical review processes and research designs when embarking on research in this field.
- MeSH
- kvalitativní výzkum * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- péče o umírající * etika MeSH
- výzkumný projekt * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
Allergy ; Supplement Vol. 51. 29
41 s. : tab., grafy ; 30 cm
Cíl: Poukázat na problematiku diagnostiky oční formy rosacey a vývoj nálezu u pacientů po nastavení léčby. Pomocí glykomického rozboru slz odlišit zdravé a nemocné pacienty. Metodika: Prospektivní studie hodnotí 34 pacientů, celkem 68 očí po dobu 6 týdnů, u kterých byla na základě subjektivních potíží a klinického vyšetření diagnostikována oční forma rosacey. Byl sledován vývoj objektivních a subjektivních příznaků. K odlišení nemocných pacientů od zdravých byla použita analýza glykanů v slzách. Výsledky: Kožní postižení bylo diagnostikováno u 94 % pacientů s oční formou rosacey, nejvíce zastoupený fenotyp byl erytemato-telangiektatický (68,8 %), s průměrnou délkou obtíží 29,3 měsíce (rozmezí 0,5–126), medián 12 měsíců. V průběhu studie byl zaznamenán trend zlepšení všech sledovaných parametrů (dysfunkce Meibomských žláz, hyperemie bulbární spojivky, teleangiektázie marga víček, přední blefaritida, nerovnost a zarudnutí okrajů víček, neovaskularizace rohovky). Byla pozorována i úprava subjektivních projevů onemocnění jako pocit cizího tělesa, pálení, suchost, slzení a svědění očí, fotofobie a potíže po ránu. Analýzou glykanů v slzách došlo k částečnému rozdělení vzorků slz na základě jejich původu, tj. bylo možno odlišit pacienty s rosaceou oproti zdravé kontrole. V prvním odběru bylo do skupiny nemocných zařazeno 32 pacientů, celkem 63 očí (98,4 %), s dalšími odběry lze pozorovat změnu glykomického profilu slz pacientů v průběhu léčby. Závěr: K objektivnímu i subjektivnímu zlepšení došlo u všech pacientů. Odběr slz a jejich rozbor může být jednou z cest ke včasné diagnostice onemocnění.
Objective: This study aims to address the issues surrounding the diagnosis of ocular rosacea and to evaluate the development of the patients’ condition after treatment, as well as to distinguish between healthy and diseased patients using a glycomic analysis of tears. Methodology: A prospective study was conducted to assess a total of 68 eyes in 34 patients over a six-week period. These patients were diagnosed with ocular rosacea based on subjective symptoms and clinical examination. The study monitored the development of objective and subjective values. The difference between patients with the pathology and healthy controls was established by means of analysis of glycans in tears. Results: Skin lesions were diagnosed in 94% of patients with ocular rosacea, with the most commonly observed phenotype being erythematotelangiectatic (68.8%). The mean duration of symptoms was 29.3 months (range 0.5–126 months) with a median of 12 months. Throughout the study, an improvement in all monitored parameters was observed, including Meibomian gland dysfunction, bulbar conjunctival hyperemia, telangiectasia of the eyelid margin, anterior blepharitis, uneven and reddened eyelid margins, and corneal neovascularization. The study also observed improvements in subjective manifestations of the disease, such as foreign body sensation, burning, dryness, lachrymation, itching eyes, photophobia, and morning discomfort. The analysis of glycans in tears partially separated tear samples based on their origin, which allowed for the differentiation of patients with rosacea from healthy controls. In the first sample, the pathology was determined in a total of 63 eyes (98.4%) of 32 patients, with further samples showing a change in the glycomic profile of patients’ tears during treatment. Conclusion: The study demonstrated objective and subjective improvements in all the patients. Tear sampling and analysis could provide a means of timely diagnosis of ocular rosacea.
Inorganic species still remain of secondary importance when CE is used as an analytical separation tool. Despite considerable efforts of great many groups over last 20 years, plenty of competition, mostly from ion chromatography and elemental MS, restrains the routine use of CE in inorganic analysis. If there is yet hope clinging to make CE a viable alternative in the field, success would ultimately be attained through research activities on negating the disadvantages and amplifying the advantages of the method. Being the latest update of a series of reviews covering the time period from 1990 to 2010, this paper will comment on how and to what extent these challenges of inorganic CE analysis have been addressed in two recent years.
Aims: The purpose of this paper is to highlight some of the benefits and challenges when undertaking research across several countries comprising diverse ethnic, lingual and historically different communities. Methods: Literature review and experiences of the researchers who participated in the Students' Health Inquiry, as regards the benefits and the challenges that can emerge when conducting collaborative research. The Delphi technique was employed to reach consensus on and prioritise the emerging challenges and suggested solutions. Results: Challenges of research consortia include the preparatory work before the study, the ownership of the data and dissemination of results, as well as methodological, financial, operational, and structural challenges. These are described, each challenge is further broken down in its subcomponents, examples are given, and potential solutions are suggested. Conclusions: If challenges can be prevented or solved, the benefits of research consortia include greater generalisability of findings, and more comprehensive understanding of the issues than would be possible with a single-site study. There is also an increased probability to bring about policy changes and programmatic adjustments. Cross-national research consortia can contribute to reduction in the inequality of resources and research opportunities in the collaborating countries. Research consortia deserve the attention of funding agencies. They are capable of bringing about synergies that result from working collaboratively together of large multi-disciplinary team of investigators who share their strengths, disciplines and expertise in order to bear on the same research issue in multiple countries and diverse populations.
- MeSH
- epidemiologické metody MeSH
- konsensuální konference jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- podpora zdraví MeSH
- zdravotnické přehledy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
Introduction: Cultural challenges in clinical practice can directly affect the quality and effectiveness of care for patients from different cultures. Aim: To find out and compare Czech and Slovak nurses' cultural challenges in their clinical practice. Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study used a non-standard questionnaire to explore cultural challenges in nurses' clinical practice in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. This study followed the guidelines provided by the STROBE checklist. The statistical analysis was conducted using SASD 1.5.8 and IBM SPSS Statistics version 28.0.0. Results: The study sample comprised 202 nurses from the Czech Republic and 222 nurses from Slovakia. The findings suggest that the most significant cultural challenge identified by nurses in both countries is the language barrier, which is compounded by staff shortages. It was found that nurses who are proficient in multiple languages demonstrated increased sensitivity to cultural challenges, which may indicate a correlation between multilingual ability and the perception of cultural barriers. The results suggest that factors such as gender, role within the healthcare setting, years of experience, and educational level may have an impact on the perception of cultural challenges. Conclusion: As a result, it may be important to develop targeted interventions to improve cultural competence. Interventions such as education about cultures, training, and policy adjustments could be considered to create a more equitable and effective care environment for patients from diverse cultural backgrounds. This approach may lead to improved healthcare outcomes and increased patient satisfaction.
- MeSH
- komunikační bariéry MeSH
- kontinuální vzdělávání zdravotních sester MeSH
- kulturně kompetentní péče * MeSH
- kulturní různorodost MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ošetřovatelská péče MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- zdravotní sestry MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
