• MeSH
• Statistics, Nonparametric MeSH
• Reference Books MeSH
• Publication type
• Handbook MeSH

• Conspectus
• Statistika
• NML Fields
• statistika, zdravotnická statistika

Cílem této studie bylo ověření dimenzionality Edinburgského inventáře rukovosti (EHI) pomocí neparametrických modelů teorie položkových odpovědí (IRT). Výsledky analýzy na základě Mokkenova monotónně homogenního (MH) a dvojitě monotónního modelu naznačují, že psychometrické vlastnosti EHI je možné zlepšit vyloučením několika položek. Jedná se o položky, které narušovaly homogenitu/unidimenzionalitu inventáře (otevírání krabice, používání koštěte) či invariantní seřazení položek pro různé subpopulace (nůž). Pro diagnostiku preference ruky tedy doporučujeme vyloučení těchto položek. Studie poukazuje na možnosti využití neparametrických modelů IRT pro analýzu struktury dotazníků/inventářů používaných v psychodiagnostické praxi.

The paper deals with an evaluation of dimensionality of the Edinburgh handedness inventory (EHI) using nonparametric item response theory models. The results of Mokken analysis (based on monotone homogeneity and double monotonicity models) revealed that the psychometric properties of the EHI may be enhanced by dropping few items. These items violated unidimensionality of the scale (box opening, broom) or invariant item ordering (knife) in different subpopulations. Thus we recommend elimination of these items while using the EHI in Czech environment. The study presents the nonparametric IRT models (e.g. Mokken models) as a useful method for evaluating the structure of questionnaires/inventories used in psychodiagnostics.

• Keywords
• unidimenzionalita, Mokkenová analýza,
• MeSH
• Diagnostic Techniques, Neurological classification   MeSH
• Functional Laterality * physiology   classification   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Motor Skills physiology   MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires utilization   MeSH
• Students MeSH
• Models, Theoretical MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

Decision support systems represent very complicated systems offering assistance with the decision making process. Learning the classification rule of a decision support system requires to solve complex statistical task, most commonly by means of classification analysis. However, the regression methodology may be useful in this context as well. This paper has the aim to overview various regression methods, discuss their properties and show examples within clinical decision making.

• MeSH
• Data Interpretation, Statistical MeSH
• Clinical Decision-Making methods   MeSH
• Linear Models MeSH
• Logistic Models MeSH
• Least-Squares Analysis MeSH
• Neural Networks, Computer MeSH
• Regression Analysis * MeSH
• Models, Statistical * MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH
• Support Vector Machine MeSH
• Decision Support Systems, Clinical MeSH

• Keywords
• limits of agreement, popisná statistika, testování shodnosti průměrů, rozdílový graf podle Blanda a Altmana, limity spolehlivosti,
• MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Loa MeSH
• Statistics, Nonparametric MeSH
• Models, Statistical MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH
• Validation Studies as Topic * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

Cíl: Porovnat výsledky klasické a digitální analýzy rohovkového endotelu. Materiál a metody: Hodnotili jsme soubor 36 očí s fyziologickým nálezem na předním očním segmentu, průměrný věk vyšetřovaných byl 32,8 let (SD ± 9,5). Provedli jsme vyšetření spekulárním nekontaktním mikroskopem SP 1000 TOPCON. Získaný záznam byl hodnocen i) klasickou analýzou, ii) automatickou digitální analýzou, iii) korigovanou digitální analýzou. Výsledkem klasické analýzy je buněčná hustota (počet buněk/mm2). Digitální analýza, která je umožněna propojením spekulárního mikroskopu s počítačovým programem IMAGENET Endothelial Analysis System, hodnotí navíc koeficient variance buněčné plochy (%) a hexagonalitu (%). Normalita rozložení hodnot byla posouzena testem Liliefors, následně byl použit buď párový t-test, nebo neparametrický párový Wilcoxonův test. Výsledky: Srovnáním automatické a korigované digitální analýzy byl zjištěn statisticky významný rozdíl ve všech hodnocených parametrech (P = 0,01). Průměrná buněčná hustota vypočítaná klasickou analýzou (2643 ± 347) je o 3 % menší, než hodnota zjištěná korigovanou digitální analýzou (2718 ± 330 buněk/ mm2). Přesto nebyl prokázán mezi klasickou a korigovanou digitální analýzou statisticky významný rozdíl na 1% hladině významnosti. Ve 13 případech ukázala korigovaná analýza nižší hodnoty než klasická, zatímco ve 23 případech se objevilo nadhodnocení korigovanou analýzou až o 501 buněk/mm2. Provedení klasické analýzy nebo automatické digitální analýzy endotelu jednoho oka vyžaduje v průměru 7–8 min. Doba vyšetření jednoho endotelu při použití digitální analýzy byla ve sledovaném souboru 25–30 min. Závěr: Přestože není mezi korigovanou digitální analýzou a klasickou analýzou endotelu statisticky významný rozdíl (P = 0,01) a mezi oběma metodami je statisticky významná závislost (r = 0,82), je nutné vzít v úvahu jejich neúplnou kompatibilitu při interpretaci výsledků u konkrétních pacientů. Korigovaná digitální analýza je sice časově náročnější, ale poskytuje více informací o stavu endoteliální monovrstvy.

Aim: To compare results of classical and digital analysis of the corneal endothelium. Material and methods: We evaluated a group of 36 eyes with physiological findings of the anterior segment of the eye; the average age of examined persons was 32.8 years (SD ± 9.5). The examination was performed by means of non-contact specular microscope SP 1000 TOPCON. The obtained finding was evaluated by means of i) classical analysis, ii) automatic digital analysis, and iii) revised digital analysis. The result of the classical analysis is the cellular density (number of cells/mm2). The digital analysis is made possible by means of the connection of the specular microscope with the computer program IMAGENET. The Endothelial Analysis System evaluates furthermore the coefficient of the cellular area variation (%), and the hexagonality (%). The normality of the values’ distribution was evaluated by means of the test Liliefors, subsequently the paired t-test or nonparametric Wilcoxon’s test were used. Results: Comparing results of the automatic to the revised digital analysis, statistically significant difference in all evaluated parameters was found (P = 0.01). The average cells’ density calculated by means of classical analysis (2643 ± 347) is by 3 % smaller than the value established by means of revised digital analysis (2718 ± 330 cells/mm2). Regardless of that, no statistically evident difference was found at the 1 % level of significance. In 13 cases the revised digital analysis showed lower values than the classical one, whereas in 23 cases the overestimation by revised digital analysis up to 501 cells/mm2 was found. To complete the classical analysis or the automatic digital analysis, it takes in average 7–8 minutes. The time needed to examine one sample of endothelium using the revised digital analysis was in the examined group 25–30 minutes. Conclusion: Although there is no statistically significant difference (P = 0.01) between the revised digital analysis and the classical analysis, and between both methods there is statistically significant dependence (r = 0.82); it is necessary to consider their incomplete compatibility in case of results’ interpretation in a single patient. The revised digital analysis is rather more time consuming, but supplies more information about the status of the endothelial single layer.

• MeSH
• Biometry methods   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Microscopy methods   instrumentation   MeSH
• Endothelium, Corneal anatomy & histology   physiology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Comparative Study MeSH

• MeSH
• Mathematics MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH

• Conspectus
• Statistika
• NML Fields
• statistika, zdravotnická statistika

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), still represent a certain mystery in biology, have a unique property of dividing into equal cells and repopulating the hematopoietic tissue. This potential enables their use in transplantation treatments. The quality of the HSC grafts for transplantation is evaluated by flow cytometric determination of the CD34(+) cells, which enables optimal timing of the first apheresis and the acquisition of maximal yield of the peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs). To identify a more efficient method for evaluating CD34(+) cells, we compared the following alternative methods with the reference method: hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) enumeration (using the Sysmex XE-2100 analyser), detection of CD133(+) cells, and quantification of aldehyde dehydrogenase activity in the PBSCs. 266 aphereses (84 patients) were evaluated. In the preapheretic blood, the new methods produced data that were in agreement with the reference method. The ROC curves have shown that for the first-day apheresis target, the optimal predictive cut-off value was 0.032 cells/mL for the HPC method (sensitivity 73.4%, specificity 69.3%). HPC method exhibited a definite practical superiority as compared to other methods tested. HPC enumeration could serve as a supplementary method for the optimal timing of the first apheresis; it is simple, rapid, and cheap.

• MeSH
• Aldehyde Dehydrogenase metabolism   MeSH
• Antigens, CD34 metabolism   MeSH
• Time Factors MeSH
• Antigens, CD metabolism   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Glycoproteins metabolism   MeSH
• Hematopoietic Stem Cells cytology   metabolism   MeSH
• Leukapheresis MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Statistics, Nonparametric MeSH
• Peptides metabolism   MeSH
• Flow Cytometry methods   MeSH
• Reproducibility of Results MeSH
• ROC Curve MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Comparative Study MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Vitamin D is important not only for its effect on the homeostasis of calcium, but also for its anti-proliferative, pro-differentiation, pro-apoptotic and immuno-modulating effects in the tissues of living organisms. This work describes the results of serum 25(OH)D (n=2175) and 1alpha,25(OH)2D (n=2271) radioimmunoassays (RIA) conducted at the Institute of Endocrinology in Prague (Czech Republic) during the period of 2004-2006. METHODS: Serum concentrations of vitamin D metabolites were determined by RIA kits from IDS Ltd., Boldon, UK. In a group of 20 healthy volunteers, results obtained using the RIA kit were compared with those obtained after serum extraction with acetonitrile, subsequent chromatographic (RP HPLC) separation of 25(OH)D and its detection in collected fractions using the same RIA kit from IDS. RESULTS: The mean concentrations +/- S.D. in the samples studied were 76.4 +/- 45.6 nmol/l for 25(OH)D and 88.9 +/- 45.1 pmol/l for 1alpha,25(OH)2D. The mean concentrations of both metabolites were higher in women than in men, but only the difference for 1alpha,25(OH)2D) was statistically significant (p=0.0000). The lowest concentrations of 25(OH)D or 1alpha,25(OH)2D were found in patients with hyperparathyroidism, the highest concentrations those treated with cholecalciferol for osteoporosis and vitamin D deficiency. The relationship between 25(OH)D and 1alpha,25(OH)2D was expressed by the equation 1alpha,25(OH)2D = 71.0845 + 0.1890 * 25(OH)D (n=1065, p=0.0000, R2=0.0343). Based on the RIA results, only 4 % of individuals were inadequately supplied with 25(OH)D, 79 % were supplied adequately and almost 17 % were supplied more than adequately. Similarly, 1alpha,25(OH)2D shows inadequate concentration in 15 % of the individuals tested, 59 % of these individuals were within the reference range and 26 % had values exceeding the upper limit of the reference range. The mean concentrations of 25(OH)D obtained by HPLC separation were in average by 8 % higher than those obtained using only the RIA kit. CONCLUSION: Interpretation of studies dealing with vitamin D stores must be based on precise and correct analytical procedures. However, only a few information exists about the influence of other vitamin D metabolites and conjugates on the concentration of immunoanalytically measured serum 25(OH)D or 1alpha,25(OH)2D.

• MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Financing, Organized MeSH
• Hyperparathyroidism MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Vitamin D Deficiency blood   MeSH
• Statistics, Nonparametric MeSH
• Osteoporosis blood   MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Radioimmunoassay methods   standards   MeSH
• Reference Values MeSH
• Reproducibility of Results MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Sensitivity and Specificity MeSH
• Sex Factors MeSH
• Vitamin D analogs & derivatives   isolation & purification   blood   MeSH
• Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Comparative Study MeSH

• MeSH
• Chemistry Techniques, Analytical methods   MeSH
• Chemistry, Clinical methods   MeSH
• Statistics, Nonparametric MeSH

BACKGROUND: The 22q13-linked gene synapsin III is a positional candidate gene for schizophrenia (SZ). One interesting synapsin III single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), -196G/A, has been identified in the promoter region. The -196A allele results in a 6/8 base match to the core recognition octamer sequence for Oct-1, a member of the POU family of transcription factors. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether or not the -196 SNP is associated with either SZ or bipolar disorder (BD). METHODS: A case control comparison was used to determine whether or not differences in allele or genotype distribution occurred in patients with SZ and BD. Electromobility gel shift assay (EMSA) was used to determine whether the -196 SNP affected protein binding. RESULTS: A trend towards significance was detected when the allele distribution was analyzed in Caucasian patients with SZ (n = 145; 191 controls) and a cohort of subjects from the Czech Republic with BD (n = 82; 94 controls). No association was found in bipolar patients from the United States (n = 127) or in African-American patients with SZ (n = 124; 133 controls). EMSA showed that the region encompassing the -196 SNP binds to a brain protein in an allele-specific manner. CONCLUSIONS: These data, while inconclusive, suggest that -196 SNP should be further investigated as a candidate for 22q13-linked SZ. 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel

• MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH