structural characteristics
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The aim of the present study was to determine the structural requirements for dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans essential for P-glycoprotein inhibition. Altogether 15 structurally related lignans isolated from Schisandra chinensis or prepared by modification of their backbone were investigated, including three pairs of enantiomers. P-Glycoprotein inhibition was quantified using a doxorubicin accumulation assay in human promyelotic leukemia HL60/MDR cells overexpressing P-glycoprotein. A preliminary quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis revealed three main structural features involved in P-glycoprotein inhibition: a 1,2,3-trimethoxy moiety, a 6-acyloxy group, and the absence of a 7-hydroxy group. The most effective inhibitors, (-)-gomisin N (1) and (+)-deoxyschizandrin [(+)-2], were selected for further evaluation of their effects. Both these lignans restored the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin in HL60/MDR cells and when combined with a subtoxic concentration of this compound increased the proportion of G2/M cells significantly, which is a usual response to treatment with this anticancer drug.
- MeSH
- cyklooktany * chemie izolace a purifikace farmakologie MeSH
- doxorubicin farmakologie MeSH
- kontrolní body fáze G2 buněčného cyklu účinky léků MeSH
- kvantitativní vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lignany * chemie izolace a purifikace farmakologie MeSH
- molekulární struktura MeSH
- P-glykoproteiny antagonisté a inhibitory MeSH
- polycyklické sloučeniny * chemie izolace a purifikace farmakologie MeSH
- Schisandra chemie MeSH
- semena rostlinná chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Rusko MeSH
Diagnosis of periodontal disease, a frequent disorder in dogs, rests mainly upon the assessment of changes affecting the gingiva. Loss of gingival stippling, one of the early symptoms of periodontal disease in the human, could also indicate early periodontitis in the dog. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of gingival stippling in dogs, its location on alveolar processes, its association with age and inflammation, and its relation to the microstructure of the gingiva. The study concerns clinical, scanning electron and light microscopic examination of the gingiva of 48 dogs. Stippling, i.e. the granular appearance of the gingiva resembling irregularly distributed crater-like depressions of varying sizes, was present in adult but absent in young and senescent dogs. Stippling was most prominent at the level of the canine and the carnassial teeth. In contrast to the human gingiva, depressions and elevations of the stippled gingiva of the dog were not distributed uniformly. Presence of stippling indicates the presence of well developed mucosal layers and extensive interdigitation of epithelial rete pegs and papillary layer. Interaction of inelastic collagen fibres and a high hyaluronan content within papillary layer resulting in a high turgor of tissue due to the extensive water binding capacity of hyaluronic acid could also play a role in shaping of the gingival surface. The significance of gingival stippling in the diagnosis of periodontal disease in dogs is limited, as stippling occurs in healthy but also slightly inflamed attached gingiva of adult individuals.
- MeSH
- gingiva anatomie a histologie fyziologie MeSH
- gingivitida diagnóza patologie veterinární MeSH
- nemoci psů diagnóza patologie MeSH
- psi MeSH
- stárnutí MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- psi MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- antigeny krevních skupin MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- embryo savčí mortalita patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rozštěp patra MeSH
- rozštěp rtu MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
Assaultive acts committed by people with a mental illness is a major public health issue that affects patients with their families, law enforcement authorities, and the public at large. Failure to provide treatment is in fact a major predictor of assaultive acts in patients with schizophrenia living in the community. Considering that the indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia have similar sociocultural characteristics, these factors may be reflected in individuals with schizophrenia who have committed serious assaultive acts in Uzbekistan. Objectives: The aim of the work was to identify the sociocultural and clinical characteristics of schizophrenic representatives of indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia who have committed violent crimes in Uzbekistan and have been found insane in regard to their offence, and to compare these subjects to ones belonging to the other ethnic groups. Material and methods: The data were collected in 2010–2013 in the Tashkent High Security Psychiatric Hospital via face-to-face interviews and also from the patients’ charts and from forensic psychiatric examination statements. Results: The sample consisted of 201 individuals. The sample was 90.1 percent (n = 181) male, with a predominance of the paranoid schizophrenia subtype according to the ICD-10 criteria. Of the subjects, 174 ones (86.6%) were representatives of the indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia, and 27 ones (13.4%) were representatives of other ethnic groups. The duration of illness among the subjects belonging to the indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia was less than in the other group; the individuals were rarely referred to psychiatric care because of the popularity of alternative medicine and the stigma attached to mental illness. A positive correlation between violence and various psychotic symptoms, such as delusions, hallucinations, and thought disorder, has also been demonstrated in this group. European Medical, Health and Pharmaceutical Journal ISSN 1804-5804 Conclusions: Sociocultural characteristics, such as delayed referral for psychiatric care because of the popularity of alternative medicine and the stigma attached to mental illness among the indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia, frequently factor into committing serious acts of assault because of developing psychotic symptoms at the early stages of disease despite their sufficient socioenvironmental adaptation.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- etnicita psychologie MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- kulturní charakteristiky * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- násilí * etnologie prevence a kontrola psychologie MeSH
- pacientův souhlas se zdravotní péčí psychologie MeSH
- populační charakteristiky MeSH
- psychotické poruchy etiologie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- schizofrenie * etiologie etnologie terapie MeSH
- sociální prostředí MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Uzbekistán MeSH
Cíl. Cooper-Norcross Inventory of Preferences (C-NIP) představuje nejnovější a slibný nástroj určený k měření preferencí klientů ve vztahu k psychoterapii. Psychometrické zhodnocení tohoto nástroje je však zatím sporé a u české verze zcela chybí. Cílem této studie bylo ověřit faktorovu strukturu české verze C-NIP, ověřit invarianci měření a stanovit hraniční skóry. Metody. N = 772 dospělých respondentů vyplnilo C-NIP v online průzkumu. K ověření faktorové struktury a invariance měření mezi pohlavími a napříč různými úrovněmi zkušenosti s psychoterapií byla použita konfirmační faktorový analýza. Výsledky. Původní faktorová struktura nebyla podpořena. Namísto toho byl navržen pětifaktorový model, který vykazoval adekvátní shodu s daty a byl striktně invariantní ve vztahu k pohlaví i úrovni zkušenosti s psychoterapií. Závěr. Českou verzi C-NIP lze považovat za validní a reliabilní nástroj na měření preferencí klientů ve vztahu k psychoterapii. Je zapotřebí replikovat navrženou faktorovou strukturu.
Objective. The Cooper-Norcross Inventory of Preferences (C-NIP) is a new and promising tool for measuring clients’ preferences regarding psychotherapy. However, the psychometric evaluation of this measure is scarce in general and completely missing for the Czech adaptation of the measure. This study aimed to test the Czech version of the C-NIP factor structure, test its measurement invariance, and establish cut points. Methods. N = 772 adults answered the C-NIP in an online survey. Confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses were used to test the factor structure and assess the C-NIP measurement invariance between men and women and across several levels of psychotherapy experience. Results. The original four-factor model was not supported. Instead, a five-factor model was suggested that fit the data adequately and was strictly invariant with respect to gender and levels of experience with psychotherapy. Conclusions. The Czech C-NIP can be considered a valid and reliable measure of clients’ preferences regarding psychotherapy. The replication of the new factor model is needed.
... from the point of view of radiosensitivity -- Šterc J., Nováková V. and Pokorný J * 111 — 115 -- Structural ... ... H. and Kon Huh 205—213 -- Electroencephalographic characteristic of the cortex and subcortical brain ... ... structures of kittens during the development in asphyxia -- Golubeva E. ... ... N 367—376 -- Structural and physiological relationships of the maturing auditory system -- Pujol R. and ... ... Sobotka P., Springer V., Vožeh F. and Záhlava J. 401 — 411 -- EEG of cortical, hypothalamic and stem structures ...
462 s. : il.
BACKGROUND: Structural variants (SVs) represent an important source of genetic variation. One of the most critical problems in their detection is breakpoint uncertainty associated with the inability to determine their exact genomic position. Breakpoint uncertainty is a characteristic issue of structural variants detected via short-read sequencing methods and complicates subsequent population analyses. The commonly used heuristic strategy reduces this issue by clustering/merging nearby structural variants of the same type before the data from individual samples are merged. RESULTS: We compared the two most used dissimilarity measures for SV clustering in terms of Mendelian inheritance errors (MIE), kinship prediction, and deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. We analyzed the occurrence of Mendelian-inconsistent SV clusters that can be collapsed into one Mendelian-consistent SV as a new measure of dataset consistency. We also developed a new method based on constrained clustering that explicitly identifies these types of clusters. CONCLUSIONS: We found that the dissimilarity measure based on the distance between SVs breakpoints produces slightly better results than the measure based on SVs overlap. This difference is evident in trivial and corrected clustering strategy, but not in constrained clustering strategy. However, constrained clustering strategy provided the best results in all aspects, regardless of the dissimilarity measure used.
- MeSH
- genom lidský * MeSH
- genomika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nejistota MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- strukturální variace genomu * MeSH
- vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
