BACKGROUND: Lenalidomide, an immunomodulatory drug with antineoplastic and antiproliferative effects, showed activity in many single-group studies in relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma. The aim of this randomised study was to examine the efficacy and safety of lenalidomide versus best investigator's choice of single-agent therapy in relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma. METHODS: The MCL-002 (SPRINT) study was a randomised, phase 2 study of patients with mantle cell lymphoma aged 18 years or older at 67 clinics and academic centres in 12 countries who relapsed one to three times, had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-2, at least one measurable lesion to be eligible, and who were ineligible for intensive chemotherpy or stem-cell transplantation. Using a centralised interactive voice response system, we randomly assigned (2:1) patients in a permuted block size of six to receive lenalidomide (25 mg orally on days 1-21 every 28 days) until progressive disease or intolerability, or single-agent investigator's choice of either rituximab, gemcitabine, fludarabine, chlorambucil, or cytarabine. Randomisation was stratified by time from diagnosis, time from last anti-lymphoma therapy, and previous stem-cell transplantation. Individual treatment assignment between lenalidomide and investigator's choice was open label, but investigators had to register their choice of comparator drug before randomly assigning a patient. Patients who progressed on investigator's choice could cross over to lenalidomide treatment. We present the prespecified primary analysis results in the intention-to-treat population for the primary endpoint of progression-free survival, defined as the time from randomisation to progressive disease or death, whichever occurred first. Patient enrolment is complete, although treatment and collection of additional time-to-event data are ongoing. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00875667. FINDINGS: Between April 30, 2009, and March 7, 2013, we enrolled 254 patients in the intention-to-treat population (170 [67%] were randomly assigned to receive lenalidomide, 84 [33%] to receive investigator's choice monotherapy). Patients had a median age of 68·5 years and received a median of two previous regimens. With a median follow-up of 15·9 months (IQR 7·6-31·7), lenalidomide significantly improved progression-free survival compared with investigator's choice (median 8·7 months [95% CI 5·5-12·1] vs 5·2 months [95% CI 3·7-6·9]) with a hazard ratio of 0·61 (95% CI 0·44-0·84; p=0·004). In the 167 patients in the lenalidomide group and 83 patients in the investigator's choice group who received at least one dose of treatment the most common grade 3-4 adverse events included neutropenia (73 [44%] of 167 vs 28 [34%] of 83) without increased risk of infection, thrombocytopenia (30 [18%] vs 23 [28%]), leucopenia (13 [8%] vs nine [11%]), and anaemia (14 [8%] vs six [7%]). INTERPRETATION: Patients with relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma ineligible for intensive chemotherapy or stem-cell transplantation have longer progression-free survival, with a manageable safety profile when treated with lenalidomide compared with monotherapy investigator's choice options. FUNDING: Celgene Corporation.

• MeSH
• analýza přežití MeSH
• inhibitory angiogeneze škodlivé účinky   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• interval spolehlivosti MeSH
• invazivní růst nádoru patologie   MeSH
• Kaplanův-Meierův odhad MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lokální recidiva nádoru farmakoterapie   mortalita   patologie   MeSH
• lymfom z plášťových buněk farmakoterapie   mortalita   patologie   MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• přežití bez známek nemoci MeSH
• proporcionální rizikové modely MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• protinádorové látky farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• rozvrh dávkování léků MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• staging nádorů MeSH
• thalidomid škodlivé účinky   analogy a deriváty   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky, fáze II MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is frequently utilized as a method to reduce body mass. Its intensity of work results in a number of beneficial adaptive changes in a relatively short period of time. Irisin is a myokine and adipokine secreted to the blood during exercise and it takes part in the regulation of energy metabolism. It is a vital issue from the prophylaxis point of view as well as treatment through exercise of different diseases (e.g., obesity, type-2 diabetes). The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in irisin concentration, body composition, and aerobic and anaerobic performance in men after HIIT. Eight weeks of HIIT following the Tabata protocol was applied in the training group (HT) (n = 15), while a sedentary group (SED) (n = 10) did not participate in fitness activities within the same time period. Changes of irisin, body composition, and aerobic and anaerobic performance were evaluated after graded exercise test (GXT) and Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) before and after eight weeks of training. Training resulted in an increased of blood irisin concentration (by 29.7%) p < 0.05), VO2max increase (PRE: 44.86 ± 5.74 mL·kg-1·min-1; POST: 50.16 ± 5.80 mL kg-1·min-1; p < 0.05), reduction in percent body fat (PRE: 14.44 ± 3.33%; POST: 13.61 ± 3.16%; p < 0.05), and increase of WAnT parameters (p < 0.05) in the HT group. No changes were observed in the SED group. HIIT resulted in beneficial effects in the increase in blood irisin concentration, physical performance, and reduced fat content. The HIIT may indicate an acceleration of base metabolism. This effect can be utilized in the prevention or treatment of obesity.

• MeSH
• cvičení MeSH
• fibronektiny krev   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• obezita prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• sedavý životní styl MeSH
• složení těla * MeSH
• tělesná a funkční výkonnost * MeSH
• vysoce intenzivní intervalový trénink * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The academic curriculum has shown to promote sedentary behavior in college students. This study aimed to profile the physical fitness of physical education majors using unsupervised machine learning and to identify the differences between sexes, academic years, socioeconomic strata, and the generated profiles. A total of 542 healthy and physically active students (445 males, 97 females; 19.8 [2.2] years; 66.0 [10.3] kg; 169.5 [7.8] cm) participated in this cross-sectional study. Their indirect VO2max (Cooper and Shuttle-Run 20 m tests), lower-limb power (horizontal jump), sprint (30 m), agility (shuttle run), and flexibility (sit-and-reach) were assessed. The participants were profiled using clustering algorithms after setting the optimal number of clusters through an internal validation using R packages. Non-parametric tests were used to identify the differences (p < 0.05). The higher percentage of the population were freshmen (51.4%) and middle-income (64.0%) students. Seniors and juniors showed a better physical fitness than first-year students. No significant differences were found between their socioeconomic strata (p > 0.05). Two profiles were identified using hierarchical clustering (Cluster 1 = 318 vs. Cluster 2 = 224). The matching analysis revealed that physical fitness explained the variation in the data, with Cluster 2 as a sex-independent and more physically fit group. All variables differed significantly between the sexes (except the body mass index [p = 0.218]) and the generated profiles (except stature [p = 0.559] and flexibility [p = 0.115]). A multidimensional analysis showed that the body mass, cardiorespiratory fitness, and agility contributed the most to the data variation so that they can be used as profiling variables. This profiling method accurately identified the relevant variables to reinforce exercise recommendations in a low physical performance and overweight majors.

• MeSH
• cvičení MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• strojové učení bez učitele * MeSH
• tělesná výchova * MeSH
• tělesná výkonnost MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: It has been observed that replacement of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator generator in response to a device advisory may be associated with a substantial rate of complications, including death. The risk of lead revision in response to a lead advisory has not been determined previously. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-five implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation and follow-up centers from the Canadian Heart Rhythm Society Device Advisory Committee were surveyed to assess complication rates as a result of lead revisions due to the Sprint Fidelis advisory issued in October 2007. As of June 1, 2009, there had been 310 lead failures found in 6237 Sprint Fidelis leads in Canada (4.97%) over a follow-up of 40 months. There were 469 leads to be revised, 66% for confirmed fracture. Of the patients who underwent revision, 95% had a new lead inserted, whereas 4% had a pace/sense lead added. The lead was removed in 248 cases (53%), by simple traction in 61% and by laser lead extraction in 33%. Complications were encountered in 14.5% of the lead revisions; 7.25% of these were major, whereas 7.25% were minor. There were 2 deaths (0.43%). The overall risk of complications (19.8%) was greater in those who underwent lead removal at the time of revision than in those whose leads were abandoned (8.6%; P=0.0008). CONCLUSIONS: The overall rate of major complications that arose from lead revision due to the Sprint Fidelis advisory was significant. This must be taken into account when lead revision is planned in those patients who have not yet demonstrated an abnormality in lead performance.

• MeSH
• defibrilátory implantabilní škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• implantované elektrody normy   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• pooperační komplikace dietoterapie   epidemiologie   etiologie   MeSH
• poradní výbory normy   MeSH
• schvalování záměrů normy   MeSH
• selhání zařízení MeSH
• společnosti lékařské normy   MeSH
• srdeční frekvence MeSH
• srdeční zástava diagnóza   epidemiologie   etiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Kanada MeSH

Upravené a rozšířené vydání úspěšného bestselleru známého tvůrce a lektora racionálních technik duševní práce je určeno všem, kdo chtějí rychle studovat a číst, a šetřit tak vlastním časem. Jádro knihy tvoří soubor technik racionálního čtení, jejichž osvojení umožňuje čtenáři zvyšovat rychlost čtení, objem zapamatovaného a zlepšovat schopnost pracovat s informacemi. Nové vydání obsahuje více než dvacet testů s třemi různými způsoby jejich vyhodnocování, a to i v angličtině.

• MeSH
• čtení MeSH
• jazykové techniky MeSH
• metody MeSH
• studium vysokoškolské MeSH
• vzdělávání odborné MeSH
• Publikační typ
• příručky MeSH

• Konspekt
• Čtení. Četba
• NLK Obory
• pedagogika

Cílem kazuistické studie bylo analyzovat účinnost osmitýdenního kondičního tréninku mimo led u 21letého profesionálního hokejisty. Trénink byl přednostně zaměřen na explozivní sílu a silovou vytrvalost hlavních segmentů těla, s doplňujícími cvičeními pro stimulaci anaerobní a aerobní výkonnosti. Na počátku, po čtyřech týdnech a po skončení kondičního tréninku (1., 2., resp. 3. měření) bylo hodnoceno: a) složení těla (Bodystat); b) svalová síla – testy shyby podhmatem, kliky na bradlech, vertikální výskok (Kistler), izometrická dynamometrie zad (Takei) a izokinetická dynamometrie kolenní flexe a extenze (Isomed); c) anaerobní výkon a kapacita – test RAST; d) aerobní výkon – test běhu na 2 km. Významnost změn individuálních hodnot byla hodnocena podle 95% konfidenčního intervalu. Dynamická síla horních končetin (HK) se významně zvýšila již v 2. měření, zatímco izometrická síla zad až v 3. měření. Izokinetická dynamometrie ukázala větší silové přírůstky pro dominantní dolní končetinu (DK). Sprintová rychlost a běžecká anaerobní kapacita se významně zvýšily již po čtyřech týdnech tréninku. VO2max, odhadnutá z testu běhu na 2 km, se zvyšovala s dobou tréninku (48,8, 55,5 a 57,7 ml.min–1.kg–1). Studie naznačila, že a) Kombinace různých typů tréninku svalové síly s vyloučením cvičení s velmi těžkými odpory může vést u profesionálních hokejistů k významnému zvýšení svalové síly HK a DK již po čtyřech týdnech tréninku; b) Plyometrická cvičení a anaerobní běžecká cvičení mohou přispět ke zvýšení sprintové rychlosti, která je nejlepším prediktorem rychlosti bruslení; c) Funkční asymetrie dolních končetin hokejistů může být faktorem nervosvalových adaptací na tréninková cvičení.

The aim of the case study was to analyze the effects of the 8-week fitness off-ice training in the 21 year-old professional ice hockey player. The training was preferenti­ally focused on explosive strength and strength-endurance in major body segments, completed by the exercises for stimulation of the anaerobic and aerobic performance. Before, after 4 weeks and at the end of the training program (the 1st, 2nd and 3rd tests session, TS), the player was tested on: a) body composition (Bodystat); b) muscle strength – pull-up test, push-up test on a parallel bar, vertical squat jump (Kistler), back isometric dynamometry (Takei), knee isokinetic dynamometry (Isomed); c) anae­robic power and capacity – RAST test; d) maximal aerobic power – the 2 km running test. A significance of the changes in the performance variables during the training were tested according to the 95% confidence interval. Dynamic strength of the arms increased significantly in the 2nd TS while back iso­metric strength did until in the 3rd TS. The isokinetic dynamometry showed the larger gains in the dominant leg of the player. Sprint speed and running anaerobic capacity increased significantly as early as after 4 weeks of the training. VO2max estimated from the 2 km running time increased during all the training program (48,8, 55,5 a 57,7 ml.min–1.kg–1). The study suggested: a) The combination of different types of strength training without high resistance may result into the significant increase of strength of the arms and legs as early as after 4 weeks; b) Plyometric and anaerobic running exercises may contribute to the increase of sprint speed which is the best predictor of skating speed in the hockey players; c) The functional asymmetry of the legs in ice hockey players may be the factor of different neuromuscular adaptations to training exercises.

• Klíčová slova
• svalový výkon, anaerobní kapacita, maximální aerobní výkon, adaptace, testy,
• MeSH
• hokej * fyziologie   výchova   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• složení těla MeSH
• sportovní výkon * klasifikace   MeSH
• svalová síla * fyziologie   MeSH
• techniky cvičení a pohybu * metody   MeSH
• tělesná výkonnost * fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of altering from habitual mixed Western-based (HD) to a very low-carbohydrate high-fat (VLCHF) diet over a 4-week timecourse on performance and physiological responses during high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Eighteen moderately trained males (age 23.8 ± 2.1 years) consuming their HD (48 ± 13% carbohydrate, 17 ± 3% protein, 35 ± 9% fat) were assigned to 2 groups. One group was asked to remain on their HD, while the other was asked to switch to a non-standardized VLCHF diet (8 ± 3% carbohydrate, 29 ± 15% protein, 63 ± 13% fat) for 4 weeks. Participants performed graded exercise tests (GXT) before and after the experiment, and an HIIT session (5x3min, work/rest 2:1, passive recovery, total time 34min) before, and after 2 and 4 weeks. Heart rate (HR), oxygen uptake (V̇O2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), maximal fat oxidation rates (Fatmax) and blood lactate were measured. Total time to exhaustion (TTE) and maximal V̇O2 (V̇O2max) in the GXT increased in both groups, but between-group changes were trivial (ES ± 90% CI: -0.1 ± 0.3) and small (0.57 ± 0.5), respectively. Between-group difference in Fatmax change (VLCHF: 0.8 ± 0.3 to 1.1 ± 0.2 g/min; HD: 0.7 ± 0.2 to 0.8 ± 0.2 g/min) was large (1.2±0.9), revealing greater increases in the VLCHF versus HD group. Between-group comparisons of mean changes in V̇O2 and HR during the HIIT sessions were trivial to small, whereas mean RER decreased more in the VLCHF group (-1.5 ± 0.1). Lactate changes between groups were unclear. Adoption of a VLCHF diet over 4 weeks increased Fatmax and did not adversely affect TTE during the GXT or cardiorespiratory responses to HIIT compared with the HD.

• MeSH
• dieta s omezením sacharidů * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fyzická vytrvalost MeSH
• fyziologie sportovní výživy * MeSH
• kyselina mléčná krev   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolismus lipidů MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• sportovní výkon fyziologie   MeSH
• spotřeba kyslíku MeSH
• srdeční frekvence MeSH
• vysoce intenzivní intervalový trénink * MeSH
• zátěžový test MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• omecamtiv mecarbil, vericiguat, mirabegron, studie AUGMENT-HF, Algisyl, studie The BEAT-HF Trial, studie PRADA, studie SOCRATES-REDUCED, studie FIGHT, studie SPRINT, studie ACCORDION, studie COSMIC HF,
• MeSH
• acetanilidy terapeutické užití   MeSH
• agonisté beta-3-adrenergních receptorů terapeutické užití   MeSH
• algináty terapeutické užití   MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 2. typu komplikace   MeSH
• glukagonu podobný peptid 1 terapeutické užití   MeSH
• heterocyklické sloučeniny bicyklické terapeutické užití   MeSH
• hypertenze farmakoterapie   MeSH
• kardiologie MeSH
• klinické zkoušky jako téma MeSH
• kongresy jako téma MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• liraglutid MeSH
• močovina analogy a deriváty   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• multicentrické studie jako téma MeSH
• pyrimidiny terapeutické užití   MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma * MeSH
• srdeční selhání * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• thiazoly terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• sprint, test rychlostních schopností,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• motorické dovednosti * fyziologie   klasifikace   MeSH
• nadání * MeSH
• pozorování * MeSH
• sportovci * MeSH
• sporty * MeSH
• statistika jako téma * MeSH
• talentové testy * MeSH
• výkonnost * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Weightlifting heavy load exercises are commonly used as a key instrument for enhancing performance if compared to those not using the exercise stimulating muscle tone. Studies examined the post-activation effect (PAP) using only one parameter but not in consecutive and intermingling exercises to prolongated the time of the PAP effect duration and maintain increased performance. Nine male students, with resistance training experience, performed warm-up and exercises enhancing muscle tone (EEMT) using squats to 90° flexion in the knee joint with 80 % 1 RM (repetition maximum) in 3 sets with 3 repetitions of squat in each set (2-3 min. rest intervals). After EEMT they performed a 10-m sprint test in 2nd and 5th min, the countermovement long jump (CLJ) test in the 5th and 6th minute, a 10-m sprint test in the 10th and 11th minute and the CLJ test in the 12th and 14th minute. The results showed that the average improvement was in 10-m sprint after EEMT 0,013 ± 0,05 seconds, but there were no statistical differences observed between the result without and with EEMT (p>0.05). We observed a significant improvement between jumps without and with EEMT in 5 – 14th min (p<0.05). There were no statistical differences between the results in CLJ carried out in 5-6th min after EEMT and after two 10-m sprints and the results carried out in 12-14th min. after EEMT, four 10-m sprints and two jumps (p>0.05). It was found that 10-m sprint has no negative effect on performance in the long jump and could be regularly applied to prolong the PAP effect.

• Klíčová slova
• dřep,
• MeSH
• běh fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• sportovci MeSH
• sportovní výkon MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH