• MeSH
• aneurysma diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• arteria carotis interna diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• arteria cerebri media diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• cévní mozková příhoda * diagnostické zobrazování   etiologie   patologie   terapie   MeSH
• diagnostické zobrazování klasifikace   MeSH
• diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
• digitální subtrakční angiografie MeSH
• dítě * MeSH
• ischemická cévní mozková příhoda etiologie   patologie   terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

Background: Using two case reports of adult women with moyamoya disease presenting with intracranial hemorrhage from ruptured aneurysms on moyamoya collateral vessels, we aim to demonstrate the potential for effective endovascular treatment navigated by CT angiography, digital subtraction angiography, and flat panel CT. Case 1 Presentation: A 45-year-old female patient with sudden onset of headache, followed by somnolency. CT scan showed a four-ventricle hematocephalus caused by a 27 × 31 × 17 mm hematoma located in the left basal ganglia. Angiography revealed a 3 mm aneurysm on hypertrophic lenticulostriate artery bridging the M1 occlusion. Selective catheterization and distal embolisation with acrylic glue was done. Case 2 Presentation: A 47-year-old woman was admitted for a sudden onset of severe headache, CT scan showed four-ventricle hematocephalus. A 4 mm aneurysm on the collateral vessel-anterior chorioidal artery bridging the closure of the terminal segment of the internal carotid artery was diagnosed as the source of bleeding. Selective catheterization and distal embolisation with acrylic glue was done. Conclusions: Selective embolisation of ruptured aneurysms on moya moya collaterals is a simple, effective, and safe procedure when relevant microcatheters are used with imaging software navigation such as 3D DSA, 3D road map and flat-panel CT.

• MeSH
• digitální subtrakční angiografie metody   MeSH
• endovaskulární výkony * metody   MeSH
• intrakraniální aneurysma terapie   komplikace   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• moyamoya nemoc * komplikace   terapie   MeSH
• počítačová rentgenová tomografie MeSH
• prasklé aneurysma * terapie   komplikace   MeSH
• terapeutická embolizace metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Lower limb peripheral arterial disease in the symptomatic stage has a significant effect on patients ́ functional disability. Before an intervention, an imaging diagnostic examination is necessary to determine the extent of the disability. This study evaluates cost-effectiveness of duplex ultrasonography (DUS), digital subtraction angiography (DSA), computed tomography angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in the diagnostics of symptomatic patients with lower limb peripheral arterial disease indicated for endovascular or surgical intervention. METHODS: Discrete event simulation was used to capture lifetime costs and effects. Costs were calculated from the perspective of the health care payer, and the effects were calculated as quality-adjusted life year's (QALY's). The cost-effectiveness analysis was performed to pairwise compare CTA, MRA and DSA with DUS as the baseline diagnostic modality. A scenario analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were carried out to evaluate the robustness of the results. RESULTS: In the basic case, the DUS diagnostic was the least expensive modality, at a cost of EUR 10,778, compared with EUR 10,804 for CTA, EUR 11,184 for MRA, and EUR 11,460 for DSA. The effects of DUS were estimated at 5.542 QALYs compared with 5.554 QALYs for both CTA and MRA, and 5.562 QALYs for DSA. The final incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) value of all evaluated modalities was below the cost-effectiveness threshold whereas CTA has the lowest ICER of EUR 2,167 per QALY. However, the results were associated with a large degree of uncertainty, because iterations were spread across all cost-effectiveness quadrants in the probabilistic sensitivity analysis. CONCLUSION: For imaging diagnosis of symptomatic patients with lower limb peripheral arterial disease, CTA examination appears to be the most cost-effective strategy with the best ICER value. Baseline diagnostics of the DUS modality has the lowest costs, but also the lowest effects. DSA achieves the highest QALYs, but it is associated with the highest costs.

• MeSH
• analýza nákladů a výnosů * MeSH
• CT angiografie ekonomika   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• diagnostické zobrazování ekonomika   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• digitální subtrakční angiografie * ekonomika   MeSH
• dolní končetina * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• duplexní dopplerovská ultrasonografie ekonomika   MeSH
• kvalitativně upravené roky života * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční angiografie ekonomika   MeSH
• onemocnění periferních arterií * diagnostické zobrazování   ekonomika   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To present the first study analyzing the clinical and radiological course of carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs) following incomplete embolization. The study compares magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to plain angiography (digital subtraction angiography [DSA]) and investigates the long-term ophthalmological impact of residual fistula. METHODS: Fistulas classified as partially embolized after the last endovascular treatment were prospectively followed with DSA, MRA, and ophthalmological examination. Both direct and indirect CCFs were included. RESULTS: Twenty-one CCFs were included in the study. Nine (43%) fistulas were direct and 12 (57%) were indirect. A favorable clinical outcome of modified Rankin scale ≤2 was recorded in 19 (90%) patients at the last follow-up. Postinterventional ophthalmologic examinations in 16 patients revealed no negative effects of residual fistulas; five remaining patients refused to undergo further examination. Spontaneous thrombosis and complete occlusion of the CCF were demonstrated in 90% of patients, with a mean time to occlusion of 5.7 ± 4.7 months. Fourteen (66%) patients completed the full imaging follow-up (MRA and DSA). In 21% of these cases, discrepancy between the two imaging modalities was observed-MRA failed to detect persistent fistulas identified by DSA. CONCLUSIONS: The goal of CCF treatment is safe and complete embolization. However, if adequate flow reduction is achieved, both direct and indirect CCFs tend to spontaneously thrombose. Residual flow does not result in ophthalmological deterioration until the fistula is completely closed. MRA may not be sufficiently sensitive to detect residues of fistulas including cortical venous drainage. Therefore, complete CCF closure should be confirmed through DSA.

• MeSH
• digitální subtrakční angiografie * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• karotido-kavernózní píštěl * diagnostické zobrazování   terapie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční angiografie * MeSH
• mozková angiografie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• terapeutická embolizace * metody   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Durální arteriovenózní fistula (DAVF) je vzácnou, v diferenciální diagnóze často opomíjenou příčinou pulzatorického tinnitu. Symptomatologie, klinická relevance a terapie těchto cévních malformací závisí na typu, determinovaném zejména charakterem jejich žilního toku. V diagnostice hraje rozhodující roli digitální subtrakční angiografie. V práci popisujeme vlastní zkušenosti s DAVF a v přehledu literatury se zabýváme klinickými aspekty těchto potenciálně velmi závažných anomálií.

Dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) is a rare condition not constantly taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis of pulsatory tinnitus. Symptomatology, clinical relevance, and therapy of DAVF depend on its type determined primarily by the characteristics of venous drainage. For reliable detection of DAVF, digital subtraction angiography is necessary. Here we report one case of DAVF and comment on clinical aspects of that potentially very serious anomaly.

• Klíčová slova
• pulzatorický tinnitus,
• MeSH
• cévní malformace centrálního nervového systému * diagnostické zobrazování   diagnóza   klasifikace   komplikace   MeSH
• CT angiografie metody   MeSH
• diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
• digitální subtrakční angiografie metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mozkový krevní oběh MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• tinnitus * diagnóza   etiologie   klasifikace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Chronický subdurální hematom (chSDH) je časté neurochirurgické onemocnění zejména ve starší populaci. Článek stručně popisuje epidemiologii, klinický obraz a diagnostiku chSDH. Poskytuje nejaktuálnější pohled na patofyziologii vzniku chSDH, problematiku recidivy a úskalí chirurgické léčby. Detailně popisuje endovaskulární léčbu chSDH pomocí embolizace a. meningea media. Tato metoda se jeví jako velmi slibná v ošetření recidivujícího chSDH. Je technicky jednoduchá, s dobrými výsledky a s minimálními komplikacemi při dodržení základních pravidel embolizačních metod.

Chronic subdural hematoma (chSDH) is a common neurosurgical disease that affects mostly elderly patients. In this article we briefly discuss epidemiology, clinical presentation and radiographic features of chSDH. The article provides in-depth review of chSDH pathophysiology, recurrence and complications of surgical treatment. Middle meningeal artery embolization seems to be safe and successful endovascular treatment of recurrent chSDH with low complication rate.

• MeSH
• chronický subdurální hematom * diagnostické zobrazování   patofyziologie   terapie   MeSH
• digitální subtrakční angiografie MeSH
• endovaskulární výkony * metody   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• terapeutická embolizace metody   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

Cíl: Zhodnocení významu dlouhodobého sledování pacientů po implantaci stentgraftu pro aneurysma břišní aorty z hlediska výskytu pozdních komplikací. Metodika: Od roku 1996 do roku 2021 bylo na našem pracovišti endovaskulárně léčeno 649 pacientů s aneurysmatem břišní aorty a ili#akálních tepen. Deset a více let po implantaci stentgraftu bylo sledováno 69 pacientů, a to 61 mužů a osm žen ve věku od 50 do 81 roku, průměrný věk byl 67 let. Pacienti byli sledovaní pomocí CT angiografie a prostého snímku skeletu stentgraftu v jednoročních intervalech. Délka sledování byla 10–22 let, průměrná doba sledování byla 14 let, medián byl 13 let. Výsledky: Během sledování bylo v souboru 69 pacientů zjištěno 29 komplikací (42%) u 22 pacientů (31 %), které byly indikované k léčbě. U osmi (11,5%) nemocných byl diagnostikován endoleak II. typu bez zvětšení vaku aneurysmatu, tj. bez indikace k terapii. Dvacet devět pozdních komplikací se objevilo za 1 rok až 18 let po implantaci stentgraftu, šest za méně než 5 let, 12 komplikací za 5–10 let. Jedenáct komplikací za více než 10 let (18 %), z toho devět komplikací u sedmi nemocných, kteří neměli v prvních 5 letech žádnou komplikaci a měli zmenšený nebo stacionární vak aneurysmatu. Jednalo se u jednoho pacienta o migraci stentgraftu, u čtyř nemocných o migraci stentgraftu a endoleak Ia, u tří o Ib, u osmi pacientů o endoleak III. typu, u tří o endoleak II. typu s růstem vaku aneurysmatu, u pěti o endotension, u dvou nemocných o trombózu raménka, u jednoho o trombózu stentgraftu a u dvou pacientů o absces v retroperitoneu. Většina komplikací byla indikovaná k endovaskulární léčbě. Závěr: Pozdní komplikace po implantaci stentgraftu pro aneurysma břišní aorty, které jsou rizikové z ruptury aorty, se mohou objevit kdykoliv během sledování, a to i u pacientů, kteří neměli v prvních 5 letech po implantaci žádnou komplikaci a měli dokonce i zmenšený vak aneurysmatu. Dlouhodobé sledování nemocných po endovaskulární léčbě aneurysmatu břišní aorty je tedy zásadní a pacienty nelze vyřadit ze sledování.

Aim: To evaluate the importance of long-term follow-up of patients after stent graft implantation for abdominal aortic aneurysm in terms of the incidence of late complications. Methods: From 1996 to 2021, 649 patients with aneurysms of the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries were treated endovascularly at our institution. Sixty-nine patients were followed ten or more years after stent graft implantation, 61 men and 8 women aged 50 to 81 years, the average age was 67 years. Patients were followed up with CT angiography and an X-ray of the stent graft skeleton at one-year intervals. Follow-up duration was 10–22 years, mean follow-up was 14 years, median was 13 years. Results: During follow-up in a group of 69 patients, 29 complications (42%) were detected in 22 patients (31%), which were indicated for treatment. In 8 (11.5%) patients type II endoleak without enlargement of the aneurysm sac were diagnosed, i.e. without indication for therapy. Twenty-nine late complications occurred in 1 to 18 years after stent graft implantation, 6 in less than 5 years, 12 complications in 5–10 years. Eleven complications in more than 10 years (18%), of which 9 complications in 7 patients who had no complications in the first 5 years and reduced or stationary sac aneurysm. One patient had stent graft migration, 4 patients had migration and Ia endoleak, 3 had Ib endoleak, 8 patients had type III endoleak, 3 had type II endoleak with aneurysm sac growth, 5 had endotension, and two patients had iliac limb thrombosis, stent graft thrombosis in one, and abscess in the retroperitoneum in 2 patients. Most complications were indicated for endovascular treatment. Conclusion: Late complications after stent graft implantation for abdominal aortic aneurysm at risk of aortic rupture can occur at any time during follow-up, even in patients who had no complication in the first five years after implantation and even had a reduced aneurysm sac. Long-term follow-up of patients after endovascular treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm is therefore essential, and patients cannot be excluded from follow-up.

• MeSH
• aneurysma břišní aorty chirurgie   MeSH
• cévní protézy * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• CT angiografie MeSH
• digitální subtrakční angiografie MeSH
• endovaskulární léčba aneuryzmatu aorty * metody   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pooperační komplikace diagnostické zobrazování   epidemiologie   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: DSA (digital subtraction angiography) is the gold standard for measuring carotid artery stenosis (CS). Yet, the correlation between DSA and stenosis is not well documented. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We compared CS as measured by DSA to carotid artery specimens obtained from carotid endarterectomy surgery. Patients were divided into three groups according to NASCET criteria (North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial): stenosis of 30-49% (mild), stenosis of 50-69% (moderate), and stenosis of 70-99% (severe). RESULTS: This prospective cohort study involved 644 patients. The mean stenosis in the mild stenosis group (n = 128 patients) was 54% ECST (European Carotid Surgery Trial), 40% NASCET, and 72% ESs (endarterectomy specimens). The mean absolute difference between ECST and NASCET was 14%. The mean stenosis in the moderate stenosis group (n = 347 patients) was 66% ECST, 60% NASCET, and 77% ES. The mean absolute difference between ECST and NASCET was 6%. The mean stenosis in the severe group (n = 169 patients) was 80% ECST, 76% NASCET, and 79% ES. No significant correlation coefficients were found between DSA and ES methods. In the mild group, the CC was 0.16 (ESCT) and 0.13 (NASCET); in the moderate group, the CC was 0.05 (ESCT) and 0.01 (NASCET); and in the severe group, the CC was 0.23 (ESCT) and 0.10 (NASCET). For all groups combined, CC was 0.22 for the ECST and 0.20 for the NASCET method. CONCLUSION: The relationship between DSA and ES methods to measure CS is almost random. This lack of a relationship between the DSA and ES techniques questions the validity of current DSA-based guidelines.

• MeSH
• arteria carotis interna chirurgie   MeSH
• digitální subtrakční angiografie MeSH
• karotická endarterektomie * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• stenóza arteria carotis * diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• stenóza MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The natural course of dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) is unfavorable. Transarterial embolization with Onyx is currently the therapeutic method of choice, although the long-term stability of Onyx has been questioned. The literature reports a significant difference in the recurrence rate after complete DAVF occlusion and lacks larger series with long-term follow-up. The authors present the largest series to date with a long-term follow-up to determine the stability of Onyx, prospectively comparing magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) as follow-up diagnostic methods. METHODS: Demographics, clinical symptomatology, length of follow-up, diagnostic methods, and angiographic findings of DAVFs were recorded and retrospectively evaluated in 112 patients. A prospective group of 15 patients with more than 5 years of follow-up after complete DAVF occlusion was established. All 15 patients in the prospective group underwent a clinical examination and MRA; 10 of these patients also underwent DSA. The recurrences and the correlation between the two diagnostic methods were evaluated. RESULTS: Among the 112 patients, 71 were men and 41 were women, with an average age of 60 years. Intracranial hemorrhage (40%) was the most common clinical presentation of DAVF. At the last follow-up, 73% of the patients experienced clinical improvement, 21% remained unchanged, and 6% worsened. Overall, 87.5% of the DAVFs were occluded entirely with endovascular treatment, and 93% of the DAVFs were classified as cured at the last follow-up (i.e., completely embolized DAVFs and DAVFs that thrombosed spontaneously or after Gamma Knife surgery). Two recurrences of DAVFs were recorded in the entire series. Both were first diagnosed by MRA and confirmed with DSA. The mean follow-up was 27.7 months. In the prospective group, a small asymptomatic recurrence was diagnosed. The mean follow-up of the prospective group was 96 months. CONCLUSIONS: Onyx is a stable embolic material, although recurrence of seemingly completely occluded DAVFs may develop because of postembolization hemodynamic changes that accentuate primarily graphically absent residual fistula. These residuals can be diagnosed with MRA at follow-up. The authors' data suggest that MRA could be sufficient as the follow-up diagnostic method after complete DAVF occlusion with Onyx. However, larger prospective studies on this topic are needed.

• MeSH
• cévní malformace centrálního nervového systému diagnostické zobrazování   terapie   MeSH
• digitální subtrakční angiografie MeSH
• dimethylsulfoxid * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• endovaskulární výkony MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční angiografie MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mozková angiografie metody   MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• polyvinyly * MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• recidiva MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• terapeutická embolizace metody   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVES: To examine the diagnostic performance of CT of the pulmonary artery (CTPA) as a potential first-choice imaging modality in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and suspected chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with the PRISMA reporting checklist. Six scientific databases and registers (PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, ClinicalTrials.gov ) were searched for studies evaluating the diagnostic performance of CTPA in suspected CTEPH in adult patients. Results were pooled separately for studies based on the evaluation of the pulmonary artery and those that relied solely on changes in parenchymal perfusion. RESULTS: Ten single-center studies with 734 patients were eligible for pooling of the diagnostic performance of CTPA by evaluation of the pulmonary artery. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) estimates for CTPA in the detection of CTEPH were 0.98, 0.99, 0.94, 1.00, 0.96, 0.96, and 292. Evaluation of perfusion changes yielded pooled estimates for sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy, and DOR of 0.99, 0.84, 0.79, 0.98, 0.89, 0.89, and 98 across four studies with 278 patients. Scintigraphy, SPECT, digital subtraction angiography, right heart catheterization, pulmonary endarterectomy, and international guidelines were used to establish the diagnosis. CONCLUSION: CTPA has high sensitivity and specificity in the detection of CTEPH when the examination is evaluated by expert radiologists. Evaluation of parenchymal perfusion alone is associated with slightly lower specificity. Further research is needed to determine the diagnostic performance of CTPA in excluding CTEPH in general radiology departments. KEY POINTS: • CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is recommended in the diagnostic workup of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). • CTPA has high sensitivity and specificity in the detection of CTEPH when evaluated by an expert radiologist. • Evaluation of changes in parenchymal perfusion alone is associated with slightly lower specificity. • Little is known about the diagnostic performance of CTPA in the detection of CTEPH in general radiology departments.

• MeSH
• chronická nemoc MeSH
• CT angiografie metody   MeSH
• digitální subtrakční angiografie MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• plicní embolie * komplikace   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• plicní hypertenze * diagnóza   MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH