OBJECTIVE: Lower limb peripheral arterial disease in the symptomatic stage has a significant effect on patients ́ functional disability. Before an intervention, an imaging diagnostic examination is necessary to determine the extent of the disability. This study evaluates cost-effectiveness of duplex ultrasonography (DUS), digital subtraction angiography (DSA), computed tomography angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in the diagnostics of symptomatic patients with lower limb peripheral arterial disease indicated for endovascular or surgical intervention. METHODS: Discrete event simulation was used to capture lifetime costs and effects. Costs were calculated from the perspective of the health care payer, and the effects were calculated as quality-adjusted life year's (QALY's). The cost-effectiveness analysis was performed to pairwise compare CTA, MRA and DSA with DUS as the baseline diagnostic modality. A scenario analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were carried out to evaluate the robustness of the results. RESULTS: In the basic case, the DUS diagnostic was the least expensive modality, at a cost of EUR 10,778, compared with EUR 10,804 for CTA, EUR 11,184 for MRA, and EUR 11,460 for DSA. The effects of DUS were estimated at 5.542 QALYs compared with 5.554 QALYs for both CTA and MRA, and 5.562 QALYs for DSA. The final incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) value of all evaluated modalities was below the cost-effectiveness threshold whereas CTA has the lowest ICER of EUR 2,167 per QALY. However, the results were associated with a large degree of uncertainty, because iterations were spread across all cost-effectiveness quadrants in the probabilistic sensitivity analysis. CONCLUSION: For imaging diagnosis of symptomatic patients with lower limb peripheral arterial disease, CTA examination appears to be the most cost-effective strategy with the best ICER value. Baseline diagnostics of the DUS modality has the lowest costs, but also the lowest effects. DSA achieves the highest QALYs, but it is associated with the highest costs.
- MeSH
- Cost-Benefit Analysis * MeSH
- Computed Tomography Angiography economics statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Diagnostic Imaging economics statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Angiography, Digital Subtraction * economics MeSH
- Lower Extremity * diagnostic imaging MeSH
- Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex economics MeSH
- Quality-Adjusted Life Years * MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Magnetic Resonance Angiography economics MeSH
- Peripheral Arterial Disease * diagnostic imaging economics MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Check Tag
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Cílem čl nku je v návaznosti na analytický rámec srovnání českého zdravotnictví s rakouským (Barták, 2018) nabídnout analýzu vybraných ukazatelů zdravotnických systémů České republiky a Německa v letech 2010–2015. Německo je stejně jako v předchozím článku Rakousko navrženo jako referenční země pro benchmarking zdravotnického systému ČR. Pro zpracování analýzy byla použita data Světové zdravotnické organizace a Organizace pro hospodářskou spolupráci a rozvoj, která jsou prezentová na metodou side-by-side srovnání . Pozornost je věnová na vybraný m ukazatelů m zdravotního stavu, financovní systému péče o zdraví, dostupnosti lékařů, nemocniční péče a př ístrojů velké zdravotnické techniky. Článek upozorňuje na metodologická omezení, která vyplývají z analyzovaných dat z mezinárodních databází a také na omezení využití Německa jako referenční země pro srovnávání s ČR.
The aim of the article is to offer an analysis of selected indicators of the healthcare systems of the Czech Republic and Germany between the years 2010 and 2015. Germany is proposed, as in the previous authors paper, as the reference country for possible benchmarking of the Czech healthcare system. Data from the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), presented by side-by-side comparison, are used to process the analysis. Attention is paid to selected indicators of health status, fi nancing of the healthcare system, availability of doctors, hospital care and large medical devices. The article highlights the methodological constraints resulting from analysed data from international databases as well as the possible benefi ts and limitations of Germany’s use as a reference country for comparison with the Czech Republic.
- MeSH
- Diagnostic Imaging statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Quality of Health Care * statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Mortality MeSH
- Health Care Costs statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Delivery of Health Care * MeSH
- Insurance, Health organization & administration statistics & numerical data legislation & jurisprudence MeSH
- Health Workforce statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
- Germany MeSH
- MeSH
- Diagnostic Imaging methods instrumentation statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods instrumentation MeSH
- Positron-Emission Tomography * methods instrumentation MeSH
- Radiopharmaceuticals administration & dosage supply & distribution MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Newspaper Article MeSH
Východisko: Cílem studie bylo určit, v jakém procentu případů dochází k neshodě mezi mezi klinickou (c) a patologickou (p) TNM klasifikací u karcinomu orofaryngu a zdali neshoda mezi c a p klasifikací ovlivňuje frekvenci recidiv a prognózu základního onemocnění. Soubor a metodika: Retrospektivní soubor 51 primárně chirurgicky léčených pacientů s karcinomem orofaryngu. Klinická TNM klasifikace byla stanovena na základě klinického a zobrazovacího vyšetření (sonografie, CT či MRI krku), patologickou klasifikaci stanovil patolog na základě histopatologického vyšetření vlastního tumoru a odstraněných lymfatických uzlin. Shoda a neshoda TNM byly statisticky hodnoceny ve vztahu k recidivě tumoru a celkovému specifickému a nespecifickému přežití pacientů. Mezi další statisticky hodnocené potenciální prognostické faktory patřily věk pacienta, rozsah primárního tumoru, histologická pozitivita odstraněných lymfatických uzlin a histologická pozitivita okrajů. Výsledky: Neshoda mezi cTNM a pTNM klasifikací byla prokázána u 27 pacientů. U neshody T bylo prokázáno statisticky významně kratší přežití bez známek nádoru (p = 0,034) i přesto, že neshoda T statisticky významně neovlivnila frekvenci recidiv. Ostatní sledované faktory neměly významnější vliv na frekvenci recidivy či přežití bez známek nádoru. K úmrtí v souvislosti s primárním tumorem došlo v průběhu sledování u šesti nemocných (11,8 %). U neshody T bylo prokázáno kratší specifické přežití na hranici statistické významnosti (p = 0,069). Ostatní sledované faktory neměly významnější vliv na specifické úmrtí. Závěr: Neshoda mezi klinickou a patologickou TNM klasifikací byla prokázána u 52,9 % nemocných s karcinomem orofaryngu. Neshoda cTNM a pTNM klasifikace v oblasti primárního nádoru (kategorie T) se jeví jako potenciální prognostický faktor. Zlepšení výsledků léčby onkologických pacientů je proto do jisté míry závislé na možnostech a přesnosti předoperační diagnostiky.
Background: The aim of this study was to determine the percentage of discordance between clinical (c) and pathological (p) TNM classifications in cases of oropharyngeal carcinoma and whether it influences recurrence rate and prognosis of primary disease. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma who underwent primary surgical treatment were included in this retrospective study. Clinical TNM was determined on the basis of clinical examinations and imaging (US, CT, or MRI), and pathological TNM was determined by a histopathologist (analysis of the primary tumor and neck lymph nodes). Concordance and discordance were statistically evaluated. As potential prognostic factors, we statistically analyzed tumor recurrence, specific and nonspecific patient survival, patient age, extent of primary tumor, lymph node positivity, number of removed lymph nodes, and positive tumor margins. Results: Discordance in the TNM classification was found in 27 cases. Disease-free survival was shorter in patients with discordance in T, and this was statistically significant (p = 0.034). Six patients died due to primary disease (11.8%). Disease-specific survival was at the limit of statistical significance (p = 0.069). Conclusions: Discordance between clinical and pathological TNM classifications was 52.9% patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma. Discordance in T is a potential prognostic factor. Improvement in cancer treatment to some extent relies on preoperative staging and should influence the decision about whether or not to administer adjuvant oncological treatment. Key words: TNM staging – clinical TNM classification – pathological TNM classification – oropharynx cancer – prognosis This study was supported by project of the Czech Ministry of Health project conceptual development research organization No. 00179906 and grant PRVOUK P37/11. The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE recommendation for biomedical papers. Submitted: 18. 9. 2015 Accepted: 1. 11. 2015
- Keywords
- klinická TNM klasifikace, patologická TNM klasifikace,
- MeSH
- Survival Analysis MeSH
- Diagnostic Imaging * methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Lymph Node Excision statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Lymphatic Metastasis pathology MeSH
- Oropharyngeal Neoplasms * diagnosis surgery mortality pathology MeSH
- Disease-Free Survival MeSH
- Prognosis MeSH
- Recurrence MeSH
- Retrospective Studies MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell diagnosis surgery mortality pathology MeSH
- Neoplasm Staging * methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Comparative Study MeSH
- MeSH
- Biopsy methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures standards statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Diagnostic Imaging standards instrumentation statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Thyroid Neoplasms * diagnosis epidemiology MeSH
- Palpation methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Thyroid Nodule * diagnosis MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- MeSH
- Survival Analysis MeSH
- Surgical Instruments classification statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Digestive System Surgical Procedures methods statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Diagnostic Imaging methods statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Incidence MeSH
- Data Interpretation, Statistical MeSH
- Catheter Ablation methods statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Colorectal Neoplasms drug therapy surgery complications MeSH
- Quality of Health Care standards statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Neoplasm Metastasis therapy MeSH
- Biomarkers, Tumor analysis MeSH
- Liver Neoplasms drug therapy surgery therapy MeSH
- Preoperative Care methods standards MeSH
- Surveys and Questionnaires standards utilization MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Newspaper Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
Východisko. Organický hyperinzulinismus způsobuje hypoglykémie, které se manifestují zejména nalačno. V tomto sdělení shrnujeme zkušenosti s diagnostikou a léčbou 105 pacientů s organickým hyperinzulinismem. Metody a výsledky. Diagnóza byla u všech pacientů potvrzena rozvojem spontánní hypoglykémie a neuroglykopenických příznaků, které se vyvinuly při testu s kontrolovaným hladověním. K lokalizaci inzulinomu se nejvíce osvědčila endoskopická ultrasonografie (77 % nálezů shodných s nálezem při operaci), méně digitální subtrakční angiografie (29 % shodných nálezů s operací) a nejméně počítačová tomografie (18 %). I přes kombinaci metod zůstává u 20–25 % pacientů lokalizace inzulinomu jako nejčastější příčiny organického hyperinzulinismu před operací nejasná. Léčba je chirurgická, nejlépe s provedením enukleace tumoru, u vybraných stavů je úspěšné laparoskopické odstranění tumoru. Z 95 operovaných pacientů byl úspěšně vyřešen organický hyperinzulinismus (odstraněn inzulinom) u 84 osob (88 %), u dalších tří pacientů byla potvrzena mikroadenomatóza. Závěry. U osmi osob nebyl při operaci a následném extenzivním histopatologickém vyšetření resekátu inzulinom nalezen, a proto musely být podobně jako neoperovaní pacienti (n = 10) léčeny diazoxidem v kombinaci s diabetickou dietou.
Background. Organic hyperinsulinism causes hypoglycaemia manifesting mainly in the fasting state. We summarize our experience with diagnosis and treatment of 105 patients with organic hyperinsulinism. Methods and results. The diagnosis was confirmed in all patients by spontaneous hypoglycemia and neuroglycopenic symptoms, both developed during fasting test. Endoscopic ultrasonography was the most reliable method for the insulinoma localization (77% of insulinomas confirmed by surgery in the same location within the pancreas), less positive results were obtained by digital subtraction angiography (29%) and still less was found by computed tomography (18%). The localization remains unclear in about 20–25% of insulinomas despite of combined different exploring techniques. Surgical removal of insulinoma by enucleation is the best way of treatment, in some cases laparoscopic removal is a method of choice. From total number of 95 surgically treated patients the successful removal of insulinoma was performed in 84 patients (88%) and another 3 had histopathology diagnosis of micronodular polyadenomatosis. Conclusions. Insulinoma was not found during surgery and subsequent thorough histopathology investigation of the whole resecate in 8 patients which have to be treated like other non-surgically treated patients by diazoxide together with diabetic diet.
- MeSH
- Diagnostic Imaging classification methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Hyperinsulinism diagnosis etiology surgery therapy MeSH
- Hypoglycemia MeSH
- Insulinoma diagnosis surgery complications therapy MeSH
- Laparoscopy MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Pancreatic Neoplasms diagnosis surgery complications therapy MeSH
- Pancreatectomy methods MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- MeSH
- Diagnostic Imaging methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Clinical Laboratory Techniques methods statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Alcohol Drinking blood MeSH
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Brain Injuries diagnosis MeSH
- Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
- Prognosis MeSH
- S100 Proteins diagnostic use blood MeSH
- Radiography methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Severity of Illness Index MeSH
- MeSH
- Diagnostic Imaging statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon methods statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Clinical Laboratory Techniques methods statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Brain Injuries diagnosis enzymology blood MeSH
- S100 Proteins blood MeSH
- Radiography methods statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Comparative Study MeSH