- Klíčová slova
- molekulární psychiatrie,
- MeSH
- diagnostické techniky molekulární metody MeSH
- epidemiologie odpadních vod MeSH
- kongresy jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiota genetika MeSH
- molekulární biologie * trendy MeSH
- nemoci dýchací soustavy epidemiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- nukleové kyseliny analýza MeSH
- RNA-viry patogenita MeSH
- vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- MeSH
- diagnostické techniky molekulární MeSH
- kongresy jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulární biologie MeSH
- nukleové kyseliny * analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- zprávy MeSH
The global risk of viral disease outbreaks emphasizes the need for rapid, accurate, and sensitive detection techniques to speed up diagnostics allowing early intervention. An emerging field of microfluidics also known as the lab-on-a-chip (LOC) or micro total analysis system includes a wide range of diagnostic devices. This review briefly covers both conventional and microfluidics-based techniques for rapid viral detection. We first describe conventional detection methods such as cell culturing, immunofluorescence or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). These methods often have limited speed, sensitivity, or specificity and are performed with typically bulky equipment. Here, we discuss some of the LOC technologies that can overcome these demerits, highlighting the latest advances in LOC devices for viral disease diagnosis. We also discuss the fabrication of LOC systems to produce devices for performing either individual steps or virus detection in samples with the sample to answer method. The complete system consists of sample preparation, and ELISA and RT-PCR for viral-antibody and nucleic acid detection, respectively. Finally, we formulate our opinions on these areas for the future development of LOC systems for viral diagnostics.
- MeSH
- biosenzitivní techniky MeSH
- design vybavení MeSH
- DNA virů analýza MeSH
- ELISA MeSH
- kvantitativní polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- laboratoř na čipu * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrofluidní analytické techniky přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- nukleové kyseliny analýza MeSH
- virové nemoci diagnóza MeSH
- vyšetření u lůžka MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Utilisation of the one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) molecular biology method for the detection of the metastatic involvement of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in endometrial cancer (EC) patients. A comparison with histopathological ultrastaging and a description of the clinical consequences. METHODS: Surgically treated EC patients underwent detection of SLNs. Nodes greater than 5 mm were cut into sections 2-mm thick parallel to the short axis of the node. Odd sections were examined according to the OSNA method, while even ones according to an appropriate ultrastaging protocol. Nodes less than or equal to 5 mm were cut into halves along the longitudinal axis with one half examined according to the OSNA method and the other half by ultrastaging. RESULTS: Fifty-eight patients were included and 135 SLNs were acquired. Both ultrastaging and OSNA agreed on 116 results. According to the OSNA method, 20.69% more patients were classified into International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage III. When comparing the results of the OSNA method to the conclusions of ultrastaging as a reference method, sensitivity of 90.9%, specificity of 85.5% and concordance of 85.9% were attained. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the OSNA method showed a higher frequency of detection of micrometastases and included 20.69% more patients into FIGO stage III.
- MeSH
- adenokarcinom z jasných buněk genetika sekundární chirurgie MeSH
- biopsie sentinelové lymfatické uzliny MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- keratin-19 genetika MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfatické metastázy MeSH
- mikrometastázy MeSH
- míra přežití MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery genetika MeSH
- nádory endometria genetika patologie chirurgie MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- nukleové kyseliny analýza genetika MeSH
- peroperační doba MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- sentinelová uzlina patologie chirurgie MeSH
- serózní cystadenokarcinom genetika sekundární chirurgie MeSH
- techniky amplifikace nukleových kyselin metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Surface plasmon resonance microscopy and imaging are optical methods that enable observation and quantification of interactions of nano- and microscale objects near a metal surface in a temporally and spatially resolved manner. This review describes the principles of surface plasmon resonance microscopy and imaging and discusses recent advances in these methods, in particular, in optical platforms and functional coatings. In addition, the biological applications of these methods are reviewed. These include the detection of a broad variety of analytes (nucleic acids, proteins, bacteria), the investigation of biological systems (bacteria and cells), and biomolecular interactions (drug-receptor, protein-protein, protein-DNA, protein-cell).
- MeSH
- Bacteria izolace a purifikace ultrastruktura MeSH
- design vybavení MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mapování interakce mezi proteiny přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- mikroskopie přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- nukleové kyseliny analýza MeSH
- povrchová plasmonová rezonance přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- proteiny analýza MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
This review is focused on the reaction of 1,2-diols with ligand complexes of six-valent osmium [Os(VI)L] (where L is a nitrogenous ligand) and possibilities of electrochemical analysis of yielded products. A number of biologically important molecules, such as mono-, oligo- and polysaccharides, RNA and glycoproteins, belong to compounds containing 1,2-diol in their structure. These compounds react with Os(VI)L yielding relatively stable ligand osmate esters which are electrochemically active and suitable to the electrochemical analysis. The ligand osmate esters give redox peaks at the mercury and carbon electrodes. The redox peaks are due to the electrochemical reduction or oxidation of osmium atoms. The osmate esters with some ligands give catalytic peaks at the mercury electrodes. The catalytic peak is due to the catalytic hydrogen evolution and is very sensitive. With the catalytic peak it is possible to measure picomolar concentrations in some cases. We have used reactions of Os(VI)L for the analysis of glycans and glycoproteins in relation to their great importance in biomedicine.
- Klíčová slova
- biodozimetrie,
- MeSH
- elektrochemické techniky metody MeSH
- hematopoéza účinky záření MeSH
- histony analýza účinky záření MeSH
- imunofenotypizace metody MeSH
- ionizující záření * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrojaderné testy metody MeSH
- nukleové kyseliny analýza MeSH
- oxidační stres účinky záření MeSH
- poškození DNA * účinky záření MeSH
- průtoková cytometrie metody MeSH
- radiační expozice * analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Sample preparation plays an important role in the DNA analysis workflow. Real samples often include a complex matrix, such as blood and other bodily fluids, or exogenous impurities, e.g., from the scene of crime. Most of the common nucleic acids isolation techniques are based on extractions; however, isotachophoretic focusing has recently attracted some interest for its simplicity and potential for very high enrichment factors and ease of automation. Here, we report on the use of a commercial isotachophoretic instrument for optimization of DNA focusing and preparative fraction collection. In order to achieve a high recovery and enrichment, experimental factors including electric current, sample amount and matrix were investigated experimentally as well as by computer simulation. The sample of a DNA ladder was injected in 30 μl volume and after ITP focusing the DNA zone was recovered using an on-column micropreparative collection valve. The DNA content in the collected sample was verified by fluorescence spectrometry and chip capillary electrophoresis with fluorescence detection.
Diagnostika legionelóz, hlavne závažnejšej život ohrozujúcej formy, tzv. Legionárskej choroby je zložitá, najmä pre netypické príznaky infekcie, nie vždy dominujúcu atypickú pneumóniu a často veľmi dramatický septický priebeh ochorenia so zlyhávaním orgánov. Stanovenie diagnózy v akútnej fáze ochorenia je možné detekciou legionelového antigénu v moči a dôkazom DNA legionel v PCR/real-time PCR v sére, vzorkách z dolných dýchacích ciest a v moči. Kultivácia na špecifických pôdach zostáva zlatým štandardom, ale pre svoju náročnosť sa využíva málo. Sérologické vyšetrenie si vyžaduje párové vzorky, a tak je prínosom pre diagnostiku v neskoršej fáze infekcie, pričom asi 20 % pacientov vôbec netvorí protilátky. Veľký pokrok sa zaznamenal v typizačných metódach (RFLP, PFGE, metódy založené na PCR, sekvenačné metódy) a rýchlych identifikačných metódach (MALDI-TOF).
The diagnosis of legionellosis, especially of its severe, life-threatening form, Legionnaires' disease, is complicated, primarily because of non-typical symptoms of the infection, not always dominating atypical pneumonia, and often a very dramatic septic course of the disease with multiorgan failures. The diagnosis of the acute phase of the disease can be established by the detection of Legionella antigen in urine and by PCR/real-time PCR detection of Legionella DNA in serum and lower respiratory tract and urine samples. Cultivation on specific media remains the gold standard, but this very demanding method is rarely used. Serological testing requires paired samples and thus is relevant to the diagnosis at a later stage of infection, although it is to be noted that about 20% of patients do not produce the antibodies. Great progress has been made in typing methods (RFLP, PFGE, or PCR based and sequence based methods) and rapid identification methods (MALDI-TOF).
- MeSH
- analýza moči MeSH
- antibakteriální látky aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- časná diagnóza MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- klinické laboratorní techniky metody MeSH
- legionářská nemoc * diagnóza farmakoterapie MeSH
- Legionella * izolace a purifikace klasifikace patogenita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nukleové kyseliny analýza MeSH
- sérologické testy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- souhrny MeSH
