BACKGROUND: In recent decades, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has gained prominence as a standard diagnostic method for preoperative assessment in patients with anorectal malformations and a colostomy, with the potential to replace the classic fluoroscopic distal pressure colostogram (FDPC). Three MRI techniques are available: MRI-distal pressure colostogram with gadolinium (MRI-DPCG) or saline (MRI-DPCS) instillation into the colostomy and native MRI without colostomy instillation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of MRI (native MRI, MRI-DPCG and MRI-DPCS) in the preoperative workup of boys with an anorectal malformation and a colostomy and to compare it to FDPC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-two boys with preoperative MRI using one of the three approaches and 43 with FDPC met the inclusion criteria for this retrospective study. The presence and localization of rectal fistulas according to the Krickenbeck classification were evaluated and compared with intraoperative findings. RESULTS: The accuracy of fistula detection for MRI in general (regardless of the technique), MRI-DPCS, MRI-DPCG, native MRI and FDPC was 95% (59/62, P<0.001), 100% (12/12, P=0.03), 100% (30/30, P<0.001), 85% (17/20, P=0.41) and 72% (31/43, P=0.82), respectively. The accuracy of describing fistula type in patients with a correctly detected fistula using these methods was 96% (45/47, P<0.001), 100% (9/9, P<0.001), 100% (23/23, P<0.001), 87% (13/15, P<0.001) and 67% (13/21, P=0.002), respectively. CONCLUSION: MRI is a reliable method for detecting and classifying fistulas in boys with an anorectal malformation and a colostomy and can be considered the modality of first choice for preoperative workup.
- MeSH
- anorektální malformace * diagnostické zobrazování chirurgie MeSH
- kolostomie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody MeSH
- rektální píštěl * chirurgie MeSH
- rektum diagnostické zobrazování chirurgie abnormality MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Postoperative constipation (PC) in patients with imperforate anus and perineal fistula (PF) has been reported in up to 60%. Histological studies of PF revealed innervation anomalies which seem to be one of the reasons for PC. Perioperative histologically controlled fistula resection (PHCFR) allows appropriate resection of PF and pull-down normoganglionic rectum at the time of posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 665 patients with anorectal malformations underwent surgery between 1991 and 2021. Of these, 364 presented PF; 92 out of them (41 F) were studied. Patients with sacral and spinal cord anomalies, neurological disorders, and cut-back anoplasty were excluded. PSARP was done on all patients. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and NADH Tetrazolium-reductase histochemical method were used. Four and more ganglion cells in the myenteric plexus represented a sufficient length of the resection. The continence was scored according to the modified Krickenbeck scoring system. Final scores ranged from 1 to 7 points. Values are given as median. RESULTS: A total of 65 (70.7%) patients presented an aganglionic segment in PF, and 27 patients presented hypoganglionosis. The median length of the resected fistula was 25 mm (interquartile range [IQR]: 20-30). The median total continence score was 7 (IQR: 6-7). Post-op constipation was observed in 6/92 (6.5%) patients. CONCLUSION: PHCFR diminished PC to 6.5% of patients.
- MeSH
- anální atrézie * chirurgie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- perineum chirurgie MeSH
- pooperační komplikace etiologie MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- rektální píštěl * chirurgie MeSH
- rektum chirurgie abnormality MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- zácpa etiologie chirurgie MeSH
- zákroky plastické chirurgie metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Cíl: Popis enterální cystické duplikatury v peripartálním období. Typ studie: Kazuistika.název a sídlo pracoviště: Masarykova městská nemocnice v Jilemnici. Předmět studie: Kazuistickou formou sdělení popsaný případ enterální cystické duplikatury po porodu a relaps v průběhu následující gravidity. V obou případech histologicky totožný nález, řešený otevřenou exstirpací. Závěr: Cystická duplikatura rekta patří ke kongenitálním anomáliím vzácně se vyskytujícím i v dospělosti. V případu sehrál klíčovou roli druhý názor a kvalitní preoperační diagnostika, vedoucí v obou případech k primární kompletní exstirpaci, bez nutnosti reoperace či zakládání stomie. Operačním přístupem byl zvolen parasakrální řez, stranově rozlišený podle umístění dominantní části cysty.
Objective: Author demonstrates case of enteral cystic duplicature located between coccyx and rectum in peripartal period. Design: Case report. Setting: Masarykova městská nemocnice, Jilemnice. Subject and method: Case of enteral cystic duplicature in adult, 25-29 year female, first case after natural birth, second one in the end of second pregnancy. Open surgical solution with exstirpation. Conclusion: Cystic duplication of the rectum belongs to congenital anomalies, rarely occurring even in adulthood. The second opinion and quality preoperative diagnostics played a key role in the case, leading in both cases to primary, complete exstirpation, without any reoperation or complications. The surgical approach was chosen parasacral section, laterally differentiated according to the location of the dominant part of the cyst.
- Klíčová slova
- parasakrální řez,
- MeSH
- cysty * chirurgie diagnóza patologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- komplikace porodu MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
- peripartální období * MeSH
- recidiva MeSH
- rektum * abnormality chirurgie MeSH
- sigmoidoskopie MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ultrasonografie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Polymastia je pomerne dobre opísaná a nie celkom neobvyklá vývojová anomália v embryogenéze prsníka. Vyskytuje sa v oblasti mliečnej lišty, najčastejšie v axile, ale môže sa nachádzať aj mimo túto oblasť. Ku klinickej manifestácii polymastie dochádza pôsobením pohlavných hormónov, hlavne počas puberty, gravidity a laktácie. Akcesorné (aberantné) prsníky môžu podliehať rovnakým patologickým procesom, či už benígnym alebo malígnym, ako normálne lokalizované prsia. V našej kazuistike prezentujeme prípad tehotnej pacientky s polymastiou jednak v axile bilaterálne, kde boli navyše v aberantných prníkoch popísané podľa UZ benignity, ďalej v oblasti konečníka a veľkého pyska ohanbia.
Polymastia is a fairly well-described and not entirely uncommon developmental anomaly in embryogenesis of the breast. It occurs in the milk line, most often in the axila but may also be present outside of this area. Clinical manifestation of polymastia is due to sex hormones, especially during puberty, pregnancy and lactation. Supernumerary/ aberrant breasts can undergo the same pathological changes, such as benign and malignant, as normally positioned breasts. In our case report we present a case of a pregnant patient with axillary polymasty bilaterally with benign tumors by ultrasound, further in anal and labia majora area.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- ergoliny terapeutické užití MeSH
- hypotyreóza MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- komorbidita MeSH
- komplikace těhotenství * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mamoplastika MeSH
- mastektomie MeSH
- mastitida * diagnóza etiologie chirurgie MeSH
- prsy abnormality MeSH
- Raynaudova nemoc MeSH
- rektum abnormality MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Contrast fistulogram (FG) and distal pressure colostogram (DPCG) are standard diagnostic methods for the assessment of anorectal malformations. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) earned a place among essential diagnostic methods in preoperative investigations after the Currarino syndrome and a high incidence of associated spinal dysraphism were described. The aim of our study was to evaluate the possibility of substituting FG and DPCG by a modified pelvic MRI, e.g. MRI fistulogram (MRI-FG) and MRI colostogram (MRI-DPCG). The prospective study involved 29 patients with anorectal malformations who underwent a modified pelvic MRI. The length and course of fistulas and rectum, and the presence of sacral anomalies were studied on MRI images and compared with images obtained by radiologic examinations. Modified MRI brought identical results as contrast studies in 25 patients when related to the fistula and rectum length and course. MRI was more accurate for the detection of sacral anomalies. MRI-FG was the only imaging method used in the four most recent patients. The results support the assumption that conventional contrast examinations for the assessment of anorectal malformations can be replaced by MRI, thus reducing the radiation dose.
- MeSH
- anální kanál abnormality patologie MeSH
- celková anestezie MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kolostomie MeSH
- kontrastní látky aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- křížová kost abnormality MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody MeSH
- mnohočetné abnormality MeSH
- močové píštěle vrozené diagnóza chirurgie MeSH
- nemoci anu vrozené diagnóza chirurgie MeSH
- nemoci močové trubice vrozené diagnóza chirurgie MeSH
- nemoci močového měchýře vrozené diagnóza chirurgie MeSH
- nemoci nedonošenců diagnóza chirurgie MeSH
- novorozenec nedonošený MeSH
- novorozenec s nízkou porodní hmotností MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- perineum patologie MeSH
- předoperační péče metody MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- rektální píštěl vrozené diagnóza chirurgie MeSH
- rektovaginální píštěl vrozené diagnóza chirurgie MeSH
- rektum abnormality patologie MeSH
- spina bifida diagnóza patologie MeSH
- střevní píštěle vrozené diagnóza chirurgie MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinické zkoušky MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Stimulation electromyography (sEMG) is useful in identifying the sphincter muscle (M) in patients with anorectal malformations (ARMs). This study evaluates the effect of anesthetic agents and M relaxants on sEMG findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventeen infants (10 boys and 7 girls) with a mean age of 6.3 months and mean body weight of 6.7 kg were included in a prospective randomized study. Anesthesia was induced by sevoflurane and opioids, and an epidural catheter was inserted caudally. Stimulation electromyography of levator ani M using 14 mA current was used, and latency and amplitude of the evoked compound M action potential (CMAP) were recorded. Patients were randomized into 2 groups. Group A received a local anesthetic epidurally, and sEMG was performed. Administration of the M relaxant and measurement of M response followed. In group B drug administration, sEMG and response measurement were performed after administration of M relaxant. RESULTS: Baseline CMAP was recorded in all patients. Average latency was 4.1 milliseconds, and average amplitude was 0.43 mV. In group A, the average latency was 4.0 milliseconds, and average amplitude was 0.65 mV. After administration of the M relaxant, the CMAP disappeared. In group B, no CMAP was observed immediately after administration of the M relaxant. CONCLUSION: Administration of the inhalational anesthetic, opioids, and local anesthetic did not influence the M response of M fibers in the levator ani M on sEMG and enables its localization during ARM reconstruction. Nondepolarizing M relaxation completely abolished the response. If M relaxant is necessary, cisatracurium is used. The most suitable method of anesthesia for ARM surgery appears to be inhalational anesthesia supplemented by opioids and epidural analgesia.
- MeSH
- abnormality trávicího systému diagnóza MeSH
- anální kanál abnormality MeSH
- anestetika inhalační farmakologie MeSH
- anestetika intravenózní farmakologie MeSH
- anestetika lokální farmakologie MeSH
- atrakurium analogy a deriváty farmakologie MeSH
- bupivakain analogy a deriváty farmakologie MeSH
- design vybavení MeSH
- elektrody MeSH
- elektromyografie přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- epidurální anestezie MeSH
- inhalační anestezie MeSH
- intravenózní anestezie MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- methylethery farmakologie MeSH
- motorické evokované potenciály účinky léků MeSH
- nervosvalové látky nedepolarizující farmakologie MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- peroperační péče metody MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- reakční čas účinky léků MeSH
- rektum abnormality MeSH
- sufentanil aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Caudal regression syndrome is a rare congenital condition characterized by varying degrees of developmental failure ranging from a partial sacral agenesis to the absence of lumbosarcal spine, hypoplasia, or fusion of the lower extremities and visceral anomalies. This is the third case of only one of the twins involved by this syndrome described in the literature and the second case of the selective involvement in dizygotic twins. Selective involvement of only one twin suggests that factors other than hyperglycemia and 7q deletions may be involved in the pathogenesis.
- MeSH
- abnormality trávicího systému genetika patologie MeSH
- anální kanál abnormality patologie MeSH
- dvojčata dizygotní MeSH
- křížová kost abnormality patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- rektum abnormality patologie MeSH
- syringomyelie genetika patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
- studie na dvojčatech MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Enterolithiasis (multiple calcifications of intraluminal meconium) is a rare, prenatal ultrasonographic finding. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the prenatal diagnostic features and discuss the management of the patients. METHODS: The data of two cases of prenatally diagnosed fetal enterolithiasis were collected from ultrasound scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neonatal or postnatal autopsy records. The findings were evaluated in both prenatal and postnatal periods. Chromosomal analysis was performed in one case. An evaluation of primary and secondary malformations was done. Coexisting anomalies were searched for via radiology, neonatal surgery and histopathology. RESULTS: Malformations in two cases (both males) with partial and complete urorectal septum malformation (URSM) sequence were described. The absence of an anal opening and presence of a fistula between the urinary and gastrointestinal tract were common findings. These features were considered as primary malformations contributing to the formation of enterolithiasis. Secondary anomalies (urinary and gastrointestinal system malformations, pulmonary hypoplasia, genital and other coexisting anomalies) were evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: The prenatal detection of enterolithiasis carries a poor prognosis. Most of the previously reported cases were invariably associated with major fetal malformations of the urinary and gastrointestinal tract. It is a warning sign for large bowel obstruction with or without enterourinary fistula. Therefore, adequate gastrointestinal and urologic studies must be undertaken after birth for the final diagnosis. There is a high mortality rate in the reported cases, mostly attributed to associated anomalies, and all survivors required neonatal surgery. It is important to differentiate the partial from the full URSM sequence because the prognosis in the partial URSM sequence is generally good, with long-term survival being common. Copyright 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- kalcinóza diagnóza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
- mekonium chemie ultrasonografie MeSH
- močové ústrojí abnormality MeSH
- nemoci plodu diagnóza ultrasonografie MeSH
- nemoci střev diagnóza MeSH
- nemoci u dvojčat diagnóza ultrasonografie MeSH
- oligohydramnion ultrasonografie MeSH
- prenatální diagnóza MeSH
- rektum abnormality MeSH
- střeva abnormality MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ultrasonografie prenatální MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- MeSH
- anencefalie diagnóza MeSH
- atrézie jícnu diagnóza MeSH
- Downův syndrom diagnóza MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- hydrocefalus diagnóza MeSH
- hypospadie diagnóza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenecký screening využití MeSH
- plošný screening statistika a číselné údaje využití MeSH
- prenatální diagnóza statistika a číselné údaje využití MeSH
- pupeční kýla diagnóza MeSH
- rektum abnormality MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- rozštěp patra diagnóza MeSH
- rozštěp rtu diagnóza MeSH
- spina bifida diagnóza MeSH
- stenóza jícnu diagnóza vrozené MeSH
- vrozené deformity končetin diagnóza MeSH
- vrozené vady MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- MeSH
- anální kanál abnormality MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- manometrie metody využití MeSH
- rektum abnormality MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kongresy MeSH