Cíl práce: Rizikové chování je typické pro období adolescence a mladou dospělost, ale následky mohou přetrvávat po zbytek života – a to ve všech jeho oblastech – fyzické, psychické i sociální. Za spouštěče rizikového chování jsou považovány náročné situace, stres stejně jako pocity nedostatečně podnětného života jedince. Zcela zásadní roli proto představuje prevence. Cílem studie bylo analyzovat a popsat současný stav ve skupině vysokoškolských studentů v oblasti závislostního a rizikového sexuálního chování. Materiál a metodika: Mezi lety 2019–2022 byli studenti vysokých škol ve východních Čechách – Univerzity Hradec Králové (UHK), Univerzity Karlovy (UK), Univerzity obrany (UNOB) a Univerzity Pardubice (UPCE) osloveni a požádáni o vyplnění dotazníkového šetření zaměřeného na závislostní a rizikové sexuální chování. Na základě rešeršní strategie byly sestaveny výzkumné hypotézy, které byly následně zpracovány do tazatelských otázek. Výzkumné hypotézy byly testovány s využitím Pearsonova testu. Návratnost distribuovaného dotazníku dosáhla 84 %. Po vyřazení nevalidních odpovědí se výzkumného šetření zúčastnilo 157 respondentů – 64 % žen, 36 % mužů. Věkové rozložení studentů se pohybovalo v intervalu od 19 do 32 let. Výsledky: V oblasti problematiky návykového chování jsme posuzovali látkové a nelátkové závislosti. Z hlediska návykových látek se jednalo o otázku kouření cigaret, které uvedlo 14,6 % z celkového počtu tázaných vysokoškolských studentů. To je o 50 % méně než vídáme u běžné populace stejného věku (pod běžnou populací rozumíme skupinu oslovených osob do provedených studií zvolenou stratifikovaným náhodným výběrem na základě věku). Naopak, výrazně vyšších hodnot oproti běžné populaci ve stejném věku bylo zjištěno v případě užívání nelegálních návykových látek – marihuany, sedativ bez předpisu lékaře, kokainu či halucinogenů. V oblasti rizikového sexuálního chování se výzkum dotazoval na pohlavní styk s náhodnou známostí. Tuto zkušenost uvedl každý čtvrtý respondent. V 83,3 % bylo toto chování ovlivněno užitím návykové látky. Výzkum poukázal na fakt vysoké frekvence salutoprotektivních faktorů (např. zájem o sport uvedlo 87,9 % dotázaných). Preventivním faktorem v oblasti rizikového chování je pocit sociální opory v podobě přátel (uvedlo 74,5 % respondentů) či rodiny (uvedlo 72,6 % dotázaných). Závěr: Cílem výzkumného šetření bylo zjištění prevalence rizikového chování zaměřeného na chování závislostní a sexuálně rizi- kové mezi studenty vysokých škol a dále jeho prevence – otázka salutoprotektivních faktorů při zvýšeném stresu či uvědomělost sociální opory. U vysokoškolských studentů jsme předpokládali protektivně působící vyšší edukaci, která se ale v našem šetření neprojevila. Naopak rizikovým faktorem se ukázala zátěž vyvolaná vysokoškolským studiem a tlakem na studijní úspěšnost. Výsledky výzkumu přináší možné pohledy na nové způsoby uchopení prevence z hlediska vyšší efektivity a poukazuje na zásadní problémy ve sledovaných oblastech v české populaci vysokoškolských studentů.

Aim: Risk behaviour is typical of adolescence and young adulthood, but the consequences can persist for the rest of life – in all domains – physical, psychological, and social. Challenging situations, stress, as well as feelings of a lack of stimulation in an individual’s life are considered to be triggers for risky behaviours. Prevention therefore plays a crucial role. The aim of the study was to analyse the current situation in addictive and risky sexual behaviours in a group of university students. Material and Methods: Between 2019 and 2022, students of universities in East Bohemia – University of Hradec Králové (UHK), Charles University (UK), University of Defence (UNOB), and University of Pardubice (UPCE) – were approached and asked to complete a questionnaire survey focused on addictive and risky sexual behaviours. Based on the search strategy, research hypotheses were constructed, which were subsequently developed into interview questions. The research hypotheses were tested using Pearson’s test. The questionnaire return rate was 84%. After eliminating invalid responses, 157 participants were included in the survey – 64% female, 36% male, age range 19–32 years. Results: In the area of addictive behaviours, the focus was on substance and non-substance addictions. In terms of addictive substances, a question addressed cigarette smoking, which was reported by 14.6% of the survey participants. This is 50% less than what we see in the general population of the same age (by general population we mean the group of people approached for the surveys conducted, chosen by stratified random sampling based on age). In contrast, significantly higher rates of university students reported the use of illicit substances – marijuana, sedatives/tranquilizers without a doctor’s prescription, cocaine, or hallucinogens compared to the age-matched general population. In the area of risky sexual behaviours, a question was included about sexual intercourse with casual acquaintances. It was experienced by one in four respondents. In 83.3%, this behaviour was influenced by the use of an addictive substance. The survey pointed to the high rates of salutoprotective factors (e.g. interest in sports was reported by 87.9% of respondents). Perceived social support from friends (reported by 74.5% of respondents) or family (reported by 72.6% of respondents) is a preventive factor for risky behaviours. Conclusions: The aim of the survey was to determine the prevalence of high-risk addictive and sexual behaviours among university students and possible prevention measures. Salutoprotective factors during increased stress or awareness of social support seem to be of benefit. We assumed a protective effect of higher education, but this survey did not show it. On the contrary, the stress induced by university studies and the pressure on academic performance appeared to be a risk factor. The results of the survey provide insights into new approaches to the prevention to improve its effectiveness and point to major problems to be addressed in Czech university students.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Smoking epidemiology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Behavior, Addictive epidemiology   etiology   prevention & control   MeSH
• Alcohol Drinking in College MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Psychotropic Drugs MeSH
• Unsafe Sex statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Students * statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Universities MeSH
• Health Risk Behaviors * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

Príspevok sa zaoberá problematikou špecifík rizikového sexuálneho správania u dospievajúcich. Napriek závažnosti problematiky rizikového sexuálneho správania vnímame, že sa jej v súčasnosti nevenuje primeraná pozornosť, z toho dôvodu prezentujeme v príspevku výskum zameraný na vybrané formy rizikového sexuálneho správania dospievajúcich a jeho prevenciu.

The study deals specifies of risky sexual behavior in adolescents. Despite the seriousness of this problem of risky sexual behavior, we perceive that it is not currently receiving adequate attention, for this reason, we present in the paper research focused on specifies of risky sexual behavior of adolescents and its prevention.

• MeSH
• Contraception statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Contraception Behavior * statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Safe Sex MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Unsafe Sex statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Sexually Transmitted Diseases prevention & control   MeSH
• Sexual Behavior * statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Patient Education as Topic MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Clinical Study MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research was to determine the prevalence of problematic and risky sexual behaviour after alcohol consumption and the correlation between this prevalence and sex, behavioural factors, problematic drinking, and alcohol consumption characteristics. METHODS: A survey of students was carried out at four faculties. Data were gathered via internet and self-administered paper-pencil questionnaires. The analysis employed Pearson's chi-squared test, gross odds ratios and logistic regression to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (OR) and their confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: Problematic drinking was detected by the CAGE test. Sixteen percent of students reached the CAGE score of 2, which indicates a potential threat of addiction, while 6% of students reached even higher problematic scores (3 or 4). Among those respondents who did drink alcohol, 23% had unprotected sex and 21% had sex which they later regretted. There were some differences between male and female respondents with men reporting more instances of risky behaviour. Among university students, problematic and risky sexual behaviour after alcohol use is associated with sex, the intensity of problematic drinking, first drunkenness, the place of alcohol use, and attitude to alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS: Problematic drinking and risky sexual behaviour after alcohol consumption exist among students and deserve special attention and response in the form of suitable measures. Problematic and risky sexual behaviour after alcohol consumption among university students is associated with behavioural factors and characteristics of alcohol use that allow a targeted approach to preventive efforts.

• MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Alcohol Drinking psychology   MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Risk-Taking * MeSH
• Unsafe Sex statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Sexual Behavior psychology   MeSH
• Students psychology   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Universities MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

VÝCHODISKÁ: V období mladej dospelosti, ktoré sa prelína s obdobím štúdia na vysokej škole, dosahuje pravdepodobnosť užívania návykových látok svoj vrchol. Vzorce rizikovej konzumácie alkoholu vysokoškolákov sú odlišné v porovnaní s tými, ktorí na vysokej škole neštudujú. CIELE: Príspevok predstavuje vybrané výsledky medzinárodnej štúdie SLiCE týkajúce sa rizikového správania vysokoškolákov (riziková konzumácia alkoholu, fajčenie, skúsenosti s drogami, rizikové sexuálne správanie) štyroch zúčastnených krajín (Slovensko, Česko, Litva, Maďarsko) so zreteľom na vybrané sociodemografické ukazovatele: pohlavie, bývanie a partnerský vzťah. METÓDY: Rizikovú konzumáciu alkoholu sme zisťovali dotazníkom AUDIT. Fajčenie, skúsenosti s drogami, rizikové sexuálne správanie vybranými položkami z dotazníkovej batérie SLiCE. VÝSKUMNÁ VZORKA: 860 vysokoškolákov (Slovensko - 237, Česko -192, Litva - 245, Maďarsko -186), 75,' .,5 % žien. Priemerný vek bol 20,84 roka. VÝSLEDKY: Významné rozdiely v takmer všetkých ukazovateľoch rizikovej konzumácie alkoholu sme zistili z hľadiska pohlavia a ne/prítomnosti partnerského vzťahu bez ohľadu na krajinu. Významná bola interakcia vzťahu a krajiny na i ei ukazovatele rizikovej konzumácie alkoholu. Frekvencia fajčenia tabakových cigariet u slovenských vysokoškolákov sa ukázala byť významne vyššia. Skúsenosť s marihuanou udáva 8,6 % výskumnej vzorky. V sexuálne rizikovom správaní sa ukazujú byť slovenskí a českí študenti rizikovejší oproti vysokoškolákom z Maďarska a Litvy. ZÁVERY: Štúdia prispela k analýzam špecifického vzorca konzumácie alkoholu vysokoškolákmi, ktoré nájdu svoje využitie pri tvorbe a realizácii preventívnych programov.

BACKGROUND: The likelihood of drug abuse tends to reach its peak in young adulthood, the period of university studies. It has been shown that patterns of risky drinking among university students differ from those recorded among their peers who do not study at university. AIMS: To test whether different sociodemographic factors (gender, accommodation type, relationship status) are related to risky behaviour among university students (risky alcohol use, smoking, drug use, risky sexual behaviour) and to test whether differences exist between countries (Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Lithuania, Hungary). DESIGN AND MEASUREMENTS: The data were collected as part of the SLiCE international study. Risky drinking was measured using the AUDIT questionnaire. Smoking, experience with drugs, and risky sexual behaviour were measured using selected items of the SLiCE questionnaire battery. PARTICIPANTS: The sample consisted of 860 university students (237 Slovaks, 192 Czechs, 245 Lithuanians, and 186 Hungarians), 75.5% of whom were women. The average age was 20.9 years. RESULTS: Significant differences in risky drinking were found for gender and relationship status. The effect of gender on excessive alcohol consumption varies significantly between the countries. Slovak university students show a significantly higher rate of tobacco use. Marijuana had been used by 8.6% of the sample. The level of risky sexual behaviour tends to be higher among Slovak and Czech students. CONCLUSIONS: The study contributed to the analysis of specific patterns in risky drinking behaviour among university students and may prove useful in creating and implementing health-related prevention programmes.

• Keywords
• mezinárodní studie SLiCE,
• MeSH
• Risk Assessment statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Interpersonal Relations MeSH
• Smoking epidemiology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Dangerous Behavior * MeSH
• Alcohol Drinking epidemiology   MeSH
• Substance-Related Disorders epidemiology   MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Unsafe Sex statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Sex Factors MeSH
• Socioeconomic Factors MeSH
• Students * statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Universities MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Comparative Study MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH
• Lithuania MeSH
• Hungary MeSH
• Slovakia MeSH

The HIV infection remains a major public health issue in the world and especially in those countries where there exists unprotected sexual intercourse between people of the same sex. It is namely the category of men having sex with men (MSM) that still represents a group at high risk of being infected with HIV or transmitting the virus. The aim of our study was to present HIV 2nd generation surveillance data on MSM in Slovakia in the period between the years 2008 and 2009. Time-location sampling (TLS) was used to recruit participants and oral fluid samples together with completed anonymous questionnaires were collected simultaneously. The oral fluids were tested with use of the Genscreen HIV 1⁄2 version 2, (Bio-Rad) and Western Blot (Genlabs) diagnostic kits. The data analysis was performed using Stata version 8. Saliva testing revealed HIV prevalence of 6.1% (21/349) among MSM in Slovakia. 75% of HIV-positive cases were undiagnosed. The high-risk behaviour of MSM in respect to the number of their sexual partners as well as drug and condom usage did not correspond with their relatively high knowledge about HIV/AIDS. People's attitude towards MSM was found to be the worst in the religious context. Though our results reflect a relative good knowledge of MSM about HIV/AIDS infection, new HIV-positive cases and high-risk behaviour still appear, suggesting the need for more effective HIV prevention among members of this high-risk group in Slovakia.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• HIV Infections diagnosis   epidemiology   MeSH
• HIV Seropositivity diagnosis   epidemiology   MeSH
• Homosexuality, Male statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Prevalence MeSH
• Risk-Taking MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Unsafe Sex statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Sexual Behavior MeSH
• Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Slovakia MeSH

• MeSH
• HIV Infections diagnosis   epidemiology   MeSH
• Homosexuality, Male MeSH
• Comorbidity MeSH
• Condylomata Acuminata * epidemiology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Anus Diseases pathology   virology   MeSH
• Mass Screening methods   MeSH
• Unsafe Sex statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Sexually Transmitted Diseases * epidemiology   complications   MeSH
• Sexual Behavior MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH

This article presents a retrospective case-note review of patients diagnosed and hospitalized with acquired syphilis between January 1999 and December 2005 performed at the two Departments of Dermatovenereology in Prague. The syphilis epidemic in the Czech Republic between 1994 and 2001 now seems to be declining. The high rates of immigration from Eastern Europe, unprotected sex, and prostitution provide the basis for an epidemic of sexually transmitted infections. Early identification of infected individuals and high-risk population groups, adequate treatment, partner notification, and treatment of infected partners therefore is essential.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Disease Outbreaks statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Financing, Organized MeSH
• HIV Seropositivity epidemiology   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Counseling statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Prevalence MeSH
• Primary Prevention statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Sex Work statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Retrospective Studies MeSH
• Risk-Taking MeSH
• Unsafe Sex statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Sexually Transmitted Diseases MeSH
• Sexual Partners MeSH
• Syphilis epidemiology   prevention & control   MeSH
• Contact Tracing MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

• Keywords
• peer program,
• MeSH
• Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome * prevention & control   MeSH
• Hotlines statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Health Promotion methods   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Counseling statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Needle-Exchange Programs organization & administration   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Unsafe Sex prevention & control   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Sex Education organization & administration   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Schools organization & administration   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Preventive Health Services methods   organization & administration   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Social Work methods   organization & administration   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• HIV Testing statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Age Factors MeSH
• Health Risk Behaviors MeSH
• Health Services statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Tables MeSH