COL2A1 Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
We report the clinical findings of 26 individuals from 16 unrelated families carrying variants in the COL2A1 or COL11A1 genes. Using Sanger and next-generation sequencing, 11 different COL2A1 variants (seven novel), were identified in 13 families (19 affected individuals), all diagnosed with Stickler syndrome (STL) type 1. In nine families, the COL2A1 disease-causing variant arose de novo. Phenotypically, we observed myopia (95%) and retinal detachment (47%), joint hyperflexibility (92%), midface retrusion (84%), cleft palate (53%), and various degrees of hearing impairment (50%). One patient had a splenic artery aneurysm. One affected individual carrying pathogenic variant in COL2A1 showed no ocular signs including no evidence of membranous vitreous anomaly. In three families (seven affected individuals), three novel COL11A1 variants were found. The propositus with a de novo variant showed an ultrarare Marshall/STL overlap. In the second family, the only common clinical sign was postlingual progressive sensorineural hearing impairment (DFNA37). Affected individuals from the third family had typical STL2 signs. The spectrum of disease phenotypes associated with COL2A1 or COL11A1 variants continues to expand and includes typical STL and various bone dysplasias, but also nonsyndromic hearing impairment, isolated myopia with or without retinal detachment, and STL phenotype without clinically detectable ocular pathology.
- MeSH
- artritida genetika MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kolagen typ II genetika MeSH
- kolagen typ XI genetika MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mutační analýza DNA MeSH
- nemoci pojiva genetika MeSH
- odchlípení sítnice genetika MeSH
- percepční nedoslýchavost genetika MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- rodokmen MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Czech dysplasia (OMIM 609162) is a recently delineated COL2A1 disorder characterized by early-onset progressive pseudorheumatoid arthritis, platyspondyly, short third and fourth metatarsals, normal height, and the absence of ophthalmological problems or cleft palate. Czech dysplasia is caused by a specific missense mutation (R275C, c.823C > T) in the triple helical domain of the COL2A1 gene. We report on a large family with 11 patients with typical Czech dysplasia and sensorineural hearing loss. Hearing loss has hitherto not been considered as a major manifestation of Czech dysplasia. Mutation analysis documented the COL2A1 c.823C > T (R275C) mutation in all affected individuals. Thus, Czech dysplasia is possibly caused exclusively by the R275C mutation, which is a unique situation among the COL2A1 disorders. The family provides further evidence for the remarkably uniform manifestation of the clinical and radiological abnormalities and adds hearing loss to the list of major anomalies of Czech dysplasia.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dominantní geny MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- kolagen typ II genetika MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- missense mutace * MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- percepční nedoslýchavost genetika MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- rodokmen MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- syndrom MeSH
- vývojové onemocnění kostí genetika patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Sticklerův syndrom (STL) je progresivní multisystémové onemocnění pojivové tkáně s incidencí 1 : 7 500 novorozenců, která však může být podhodnocena kvůli velké fenotypové variabilitě znesnadňující stanovení klinické diagnózy. Symptomy STL zahrnují rozštěp patra nebo Pierre-Robinovu sekvenci, nedoslýchavost, poruchy zraku, zejména časnou vysokou myopii a spontánní odchlípení (amoci) sítnice, poruchy pohybového aparátu a typický vzhled obličeje zahrnující plochý profil, vystupující oči a malou ustupující bradu (mikrognacii). Výskyt a závažnost jednotlivých příznaků se může značně lišit dokonce i v rámci jedné rodiny. K dnešnímu datu byly jako příčina STL popsány poruchy sedmi různých genů pro kolageny. Nejčastější formou (80–90 % STL) je typ 1 s autozomálně dominantní (AD) dědičností, způsobený defektem genu COL2A1. Typ 2 (10–20 % STL), spojený s genem COL11A1, je též AD. Všechny ostatní typy s různými formami dědičnosti (AD i autozomálně recesivní) jsou extrémně vzácné. Geneticky potvrzená diagnóza STL umožňuje prevenci rozvoje dalších komplikací, včasné zahájení symptomatické léčby a přesné stanovení rizika STL v rodině.
Stickler syndrome (STL) is a progressive multisystemic disorder of connective tissue with an incidence of 1:7,500 newborns, which is probably underestimated due to its considerable clinical and genetic heterogeneity. STL symptoms include cleft palate or the Pierre-Robin sequence, hearing and/ or vision impairment, namely early high myopia and spontaneous retinal detachment, skeletal dysplasia, and a characteristic facial appearance, including a flat profile, protruding eyes, and micrognathia. STL symptoms show high inter- and even intrafamilial phenotypical variability. Variants in seven different collagen genes can cause STL. Autosomal dominant (AD) type 1 caused by a defect in the COL2A1 gene is the most common form of STL (80–90%); AD type 2 (involving COL11A1 gene defects) is much less common (10–20%). The third AD type and all autosomal recessive types are extremely rare. A genetically confirmed diagnosis of STL facilitates early treatment, prevention, and an accurate genetic risk estimation of STL in the family.
- Klíčová slova
- Sticklerův syndrom, Pierre-Robinova sekvence,
- MeSH
- diagnostické techniky molekulární metody MeSH
- kolagen nedostatek MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myopie etiologie genetika MeSH
- odchlípení sítnice etiologie genetika MeSH
- poruchy sluchu genetika MeSH
- vzácné nemoci * genetika patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Czech dysplasia metatarsal type is an autosomal-dominant disorder characterized by an early-onset, progressive spondyloarthropathy with normal stature. Shortness of third and/or fourth toes is a frequently observed clinical feature. Similarities between individuals with this dysplasia and patients with an R275C mutation in the COL2A1 gene, prompted us to analyze the COL2A1 gene in the original families reported with Czech dysplasia. Targeted sequencing of exon 13 of the COL2A1 gene was performed, followed by sequencing of the remaining exons in case the R275C mutation was not identified. We identified the R275C substitution in two of the original patients reported with Czech dysplasia and three additional patients. All affected individuals had a similar phenotype characterized by normal height, spondyloarthropathy, short postaxial toes and absence of ocular and orofacial anomalies. The R275C mutation was excluded in a third patient reported with Czech dysplasia. However, the identification of the Y1391C mutation in this patient with disproportionate short stature made the diagnosis of spondyloperipheral dysplasia (SPD) more probable. The Y1391C mutation is located in the C-propeptide of the procollagen chain and has been reported before in a patient with the Torrance type of lethal platyspondylic skeletal dysplasia (PLSD-T). Our observation of the same Y1391C mutation in an additional unrelated patient with SPD further supports the evidence that PLSD-T and SPD represent a phenotypic continuum. The R275C mutation in the COL2A1 gene causes a specific type II collagen disorder that was recently delineated as Czech dysplasia.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- kolagen typ II chemie genetika metabolismus MeSH
- koleno diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metatarzální kosti diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- mutace genetika MeSH
- osteochondrodysplazie diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- proteiny vázající vápník chemie MeSH
- radiografie MeSH
- vrozené deformity nohy (od hlezna dolů) diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Familiárně malý vzrůst (FSS) je charakterizován výškou menší než -2 SD ve srovnání s průměrnou výškou pro daný věk, pohlaví a populaci, a to ve dvou nebo více po sobě jdoucích generacích. Ačkoliv v řadě individuálních případů se podstata FSS neobjasní, relativně častou příčinou jsou autosomálně dominantně dědičné poruchy růstové ploténky. Jejich klinický obraz představuje široké spektrum stavů od velmi mírně vyjádřených forem s proporcionálním malým vzrůstem až po potenciálně letální těžké formy kostních dysplazií s deformitami končetin. Poruchy růstové ploténky lze dělit podle mechanismu na molekulární úrovni – může se jednat o porušenou parakrinní signalizaci, abnormity mezibuněčné hmoty chrupavky, nebo poruchy v základních buněčných dějích. Do skupiny poruch parakrinní signalizace patří stavy spojené se změnami genů FGFR3 nebo NPR2. Změny mezibuněčné hmoty růstové chrupavky nacházíme u mutací genu ACAN, FBN1 nebo genů pro jednotlivé typy kolagenů (např. COL2A1). Heterozygotní mutace v SHOX genu jsou příčinou malé výšky u 2–15 % dětí s klinickým obrazem idiopatického malého vzrůstu. Znalost správné diagnózy je důležitá pro přesnější odhad finální výšky, pro cílené sledování s ohledem na předpokládané komplikace, pro správnou léčbu a pro možnost validního genetického poradenství. Spolupráce dětského endokrinologa, antropologa, radiologa a genetika pomáhá při diagnostice i kvalitní péči o tyto pacienty.
Familial short stature (FSS) is characterised by body height lower than -2 SD if compared with mean height for age, sex and background population, that occurs in two or more subsequent generations. Although the cause for FSS remains not clarified in many individual cases, it may result from autosomal dominantly inherited growth plate disorders. The spectrum of clinical features of growth plate disorders ranges from very mildly expressed forms with proportional short stature up to potentially lethal severe skeletal dysplasia with limb deformities. Growth plate disorders include subgroups according to underlying mechanisms at molecular level – impaired paracrine signalisation, defects of cartilaginous extracellular matrix, or defective fundamental intracellular functions. FGFR3 or NPR2 gene mutations lead to impaired paracrine signalisation. The defects of cartilaginous extracellular matrix include mutations in genes ACAN, FNB1 or in genes encoding individual types collagen (e.g. COL2A1). Heterozygous mutations of SHOX gene cause 2-15 % of idiopathic short stature. Clarification of specific diagnosis allows a more precise estimation of final body height, for targeted follow-up with regard to potential complications, for appropriate management and relevant genetic counselling. Team collaboration of paediatric endocrinologist, anthropologist, radiologist and genetician is helpful for both diagnosis and management of affected children.
- Klíčová slova
- familiárně malý vzrůst, gen NPR2, gen ACAN, kolagenopatie,
- MeSH
- genetické nemoci vrozené MeSH
- kolagen fyziologie klasifikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- meloreostóza genetika patofyziologie MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- osteochondrodysplazie etiologie genetika MeSH
- poruchy růstu MeSH
- protein SHOX fyziologie genetika MeSH
- receptor fibroblastových růstových faktorů, typ 3 fyziologie genetika MeSH
- růstová ploténka * abnormality růst a vývoj MeSH
- vývojové onemocnění kostí * klasifikace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND: Congenital skeletal abnormalities are a heterogeneous group of diseases most commonly associated with small or disproportionate growth, cranial and facial dysmorphisms, delayed bone maturation, etc. Nonetheless, no detailed genotype-phenotype correlation in patients with specific genetic variants is readily available. Ergo, this study focuses on the analysis of patient phenotypes with candidate variants in genes involved in bone growth as detected by molecular genetic analysis. METHODS: In this study we used molecular genetic methods to analyse the ACAN, COL2A1, FGFR3, IGFALS, IGF1, IGF1R, GHR, NPR2, STAT5B and SHOX genes in 128 Czech children with suspected congenital skeletal abnormalities. Pathogenic variants and variants of unclear clinical significance were identified and we compared their frequency in this study cohort to the European non-Finnish population. Furthermore, a prediction tool was utilised to determine their possible impact on the final protein. All clinical patient data was obtained during pre-test genetic counselling. RESULTS: Pathogenic variants were identified in the FGFR3, GHR, COL2A1 and SHOX genes in a total of six patients. Furthermore, we identified 23 variants with unclear clinical significance and high allelic frequency in this cohort of patients with skeletal abnormalities. Five of them have not yet been reported in the scientific literature. CONCLUSION: Congenital skeletal abnormalities may lead to a number of musculoskeletal, neurological, cardiovascular problems. Knowledge of specific pathogenic variants may help us in therapeutic procedures.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- frekvence genu genetika MeSH
- genetické asociační studie MeSH
- kostra * metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poruchy růstu * epidemiologie genetika metabolismus MeSH
- protein SHOX genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Caspases, well-known players in apoptosis or inflammation, appear to have roles also in other processes such as cell differentiation. Caspase-3, in particular, was recently demonstrated to have non-apoptotic functions in osteogenesis. However, the molecular pathways involved are not yet known. Therefore, we used osteogenic PCR arrays to provide a comprehensive screening of possible interactions of caspases in general and specifically of caspase-3 in osteogenic networks. Embryonic micromass cultures derived from mouse forelimbs were established and pharmacological fluoromethylketone (FMK) inhibitors applied. Alterations were observed in expression of several genes after caspase inhibition (Bmp1, Bmp5, Bmp6, Col10a1, Col2a1, Comp, Egf, Fgfr2, Gli1, Igf1, Nog, Phex, Sox9, Spp1). The list suggests molecular interactions of caspases and osteogenic molecules and creates a background for further temporospatial and functional studies.
- MeSH
- apoptóza účinky léků MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace účinky léků MeSH
- chondrogeneze účinky léků MeSH
- inhibitory kaspas aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- kaspasa 3 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- mezenchymální kmenové buňky účinky léků MeSH
- myši MeSH
- osteogeneze účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The authors discuss the current knowledge of Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia with metatarsal short- ening (SED-MS), formerly Czech dysplasia based on literature sources and their own experience. This rare autosomal dominant (AD) skeletal disorder was first published as an original article entitled “Dominantly inherited progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia with hypoplastic toes” in Skeletal Radiology (2004) (authors: Ivo Mařík, Olga Maříková, Dana Zemková, Miloslav Kuklík, Kazimierz Kozlowski). SED-MS belongs to type II collagenopathies. This dysplasia is probably caused exclusively by the p.Arg275Cys (R275C, c.823C>T) mutation, which affects the integrity and stability of collagen fibrils. The COL2A1 mutational hot spot is thought to be unique among COL2A1 disorders. SED-MS occurs independently in all parts of the world (at least 13 families described). The main characteristic symp- toms are weather-dependent joint and spinal pain from early childhood, progressive arthropathy with early onset, platyspondyly, shortening of the 3 rd and 4 th metatarsals and in many cases sensori- neural hearing loss. Body height is normal, but arthropathy, which is often accompanied by synovial osteochondromatosis, leads to pain and limitation of movement and early disability. The principal differential diagnosis includes Albright’s hereditary osteodystrophy, Brachydactyly E, Idiopathic juvenile osteoarthritis, Progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia, and other type II collagenopathies, specifically Osteoarthritis with mild chondrodysplasia (OMIM 604864), Spondyloperipheral dysplasia (OMIM 271700) and Stanescu type of Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (OMIM 616583). The main aim of the authors is to present recent literature findings on SED-MS with a focus on the evolution of characteristic clinical findings and radiological features and orthopaedic treatment options based on the experience with a Czech family (AD transmission in five generations) originally published in Skeletal Radiology in 2004 and other literature data. The second objective deals with the differential diagnosis of type II collagenopathies, specifically comparing patients with the p.Arg275Cys mutation with patients who were previously diagnosed with Czech dysplasia and in whom this mutation was not identified. The two cases presented pro- vide evidence that there is phenotypic overlap between Czech dysplasia and mild forms of spondy- loperipheral dysplasia. Czech dysplasia overlaps with Early-onset osteoarthritis (EO-OA) with mild chondrodysplasia.