• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pití alkoholu MeSH
• populační charakteristiky MeSH
• střídmost MeSH
• zdraví MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Nizozemsko MeSH

Aim: To analyze socio-demographic correlates of alcohol drinking among Greek healthy adults. Methods: Data related to alcohol consumption patterns of 5,500 adult individuals, coming from 26 Hellenic provinces were abstracted from SESy-Europe database within a framework of the nationwide Hellenic anticancer-trial PACMeR 02 study. Statistic: χ2 test and logistic regression analyses were used. Results: 42.5% of males and 82.5% of females did not consume alcoholic drinks. Among users, daily alcohol assumption was 28.50 g/day for men and 9.85 g/day for women. The mainland population presented higher proportions for both abstainers and moderate-heavy drinkers. Consumption rate was higher for sub-populations living in islands, but they were mostly light drinkers rather than heavy consumers. Among males, younger subjects, farmers and craftsmen had a higher tendency for alcohol abuse. Among females, the proportion of consumers and abusers was notably more elevated among younger individuals, especially among those living in urban areas of mainland, with higher educational level, employees and freelance professionals. A particular attention to the newly and rapidly growing patterns of alcoholism among young females should be given and prevention programs should be promptly developed.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• interpretace statistických dat MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pití alkoholu epidemiologie   etnologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• společenská třída MeSH
• statistika přirozeného pohybu MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Řecko MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To investigate associations of frequency, quantity, binge, and problem drinking with cognitive function in older Eastern European adults. METHODS: The investigation included 14,575 participants, aged 47 to 78 years at cognitive assessment in 2006-2008 from Novosibirsk (Russia), Krakow (Poland), and 6 Czech towns participating in the HAPIEE (Health, Alcohol, and Psychosocial Factors in Eastern Europe) prospective cohort study. Average response rates were 59% at baseline (2002-2005) and 63% in 2006-2008. Alcohol consumption was assessed at baseline and in 2006-2008. Cognitive tests included immediate and delayed word recall, semantic fluency (animal naming), and letter cancellation. Associations between alcohol indices and cognitive scores were analyzed cross-sectionally (all measures from 2006 to 2008) and prospectively (alcohol and covariates from 2002 to 2005 and cognition from 2006 to 2008). RESULTS: In cross-sectional analyses, nondrinkers had lower cognitive scores and female moderate drinkers had better cognitive performance than light drinkers. Heavy, binge, and problem drinking were not consistently associated with cognitive function. Few associations were replicated in prospective analyses. Participants who stopped drinking during follow-up had worse cognition than stable drinkers; in men, regression coefficients (95% confidence interval) ranged from -0.26 (-0.36, -0.16) for immediate recall to -0.14 (-0.24, -0.04) for fluency. CONCLUSION: Regular and episodic heavy drinking were not consistently associated with cognitive function. Worse cognition in participants who stopped drinking during follow-up suggests that inclusion of less healthy ex-drinkers may partly explain poorer cognition in nondrinkers.

• MeSH
• chování při pití * MeSH
• kognitivní poruchy epidemiologie   etiologie   MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• pití alkoholu epidemiologie   MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• regresní analýza MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• východní Evropa MeSH

OBJECTIVES: To examine, on empirical data, whether drinking patterns, in addition to overall alcohol consumption, contribute to differences in rates of alcohol related problems between populations. DESIGN: Cross sectional survey. SETTINGS: One Russian, one Polish, and one Czech city. PARTICIPANTS: 1118 men and 1125 women randomly selected from population registers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Problem drinking; negative social consequences of drinking; alcohol consumption and drinking pattern. RESULTS: Rates of problem drinking and of negative consequences of drinking were much higher in Russian men (35% and 18%, respectively) than in Czechs (19% and 10%) or Poles (14% and 8%). This contrasts with substantially lower mean annual intake of alcohol reported by Russian men (4.6 litres) than by Czech men (8.5 litres), and with low mean drinking frequency in Russia (67 drinking sessions per year, compared with 179 sessions among Czech men). However, Russians consumed the highest dose of alcohol per drinking session (means 71 g in Russians, 46 g in Czechs, and 45 g in Poles), and had the highest prevalence of binge drinking. In women, the levels of alcohol related problems and of drinking were low in all countries. In ecological and individual level analyses, indicators of binge drinking explained a substantial part of differences in rates of problem drinking and negative consequences of drinking between the three countries. CONCLUSIONS: These empirical data confirm high levels of alcohol related problems in Russia despite low volume of drinking. The binge drinking pattern partly explains this paradoxical finding. Overall alcohol consumption does not suffice as an estimate of alcohol related problems at the population level.

• MeSH
• ethanol škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• městské obyvatelstvo trendy   MeSH
• odds ratio MeSH
• pití alkoholu epidemiologie   trendy   MeSH
• poruchy způsobené alkoholem epidemiologie   MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Polsko MeSH
• Rusko MeSH

AIMS: Evaluation of the hypothesis that women's non-traditional gender role orientation contributes to drinking patterns typical for men. DESIGN: A two-wave prospective study with data collected in 1992 and 1997. SETTING: The data reflect Czech women's changing gender role orientation and their drinking patterns during a historical period of post-totalitarian societal transformation. PARTICIPANTS: A representative cohort of 497 Prague women aged 30-59 years in 1997. MEASUREMENTS: Face-to-face interview data on drinking patterns and individually collected original questionnaire on gender role orientation. FINDINGS: An analysis of the principal components of the gender role orientation questionnaire has led to four components, designated as egalitarianism, liberalism, feminism and hedonism. Constructed role orientation scales had Cronbachs's alpha reliabilities ranging from 0.57 to 0.74. With possible confounders controlled (thanks mainly to the prospective design), non-traditional gender role orientation components assessed in 1992 predicted the usual quantities of alcohol women have consumed per occasion in 1997, as well as three hazardous drinking patterns (occasional use of > or = 96 g alcohol, usual use of > or = 48 g and daily intake of > or = 40 g). Specifically, women's usual quantity per occasion and occasional use of > or = 96 g were predicted by egalitarianism and hedonism, and hedonism predicted usual use of > or = 48 g as well as average daily intake of > or = 40 g ethanol. CONCLUSIONS: Women's gender role orientation can be associated with their drinking patterns with non-traditional gender role identification being associated with greater likelihood of hazardous drinking.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• feminismus MeSH
• filozofie MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• genderová identita MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• pití alkoholu epidemiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• politika MeSH
• poruchy způsobené alkoholem epidemiologie   MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• hodnotící studie MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Cieľ: Cieľom tejto štúdie bolo identifikovať potenciálne homogénne podskupiny vysokoškolských študentov na základe ich profilu pitia alkoholu a následne ich porovnať z hľadiska demografických údajov, úzkosti, depresie, vnímaného stresu a reziliencie. Metódy: Nábor účastníkov (N = 1282; 80 % žien) bol robený medzi vysokoškolskými študentmi počas pandémie COVID-19 a z nej plynúcich obmedzení na Slovensku. Priemerný vek participantov bol 22,06 roka. Participanti vyplnili online prieskum pozostávajúci z batérie dotazníkov merajúcich psychopatológiu. Na odhadnutie rôznych podskupín pitia alkoholu medzi vysokoškolákmi bola použitá analýza latentných tried (LCA) na položkách testu Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Tieto podskupiny boli následne porovnané v demografických a psychopatologických charakteristikách s využitím testu jednocestná ANOVA. Výsledky: LCA odhadla tri podskupiny: ľahkí konzumenti (55,2 %), rizikoví konzumenti (35,4 %) a problémoví konzumenti (9,4 %). Problémoví konzumenti mali najvyššiu úroveň vnímaného stresu, depresie a úzkosti, a zároveň najnižšiu odolnosť. Záver: Študenti s profilom problémového pitia sa od rizikovo pijúcich študentov líšil najmä dôsledkami pitia a frekvenciou nárazového pitia alkoholu. Rozdiely medzi výsledkami tejto štúdie a predchádzajúcich výskumov možno do určitej miery pripísať situácii spojenej s prebiehajúcou pandémiou COVID-19 v čase zberu údajov.

Objective: This study aims to identify potential homogeneous subgroups of college students based on their drinking patterns and then compare them on demographics, anxiety, depression, perceived stress, and resilience. Methods: Participants (N = 1282; 80% females) were recruited among college students during lockdown in the COVID-19 pandemic in Slovakia. The mean age of participants was 22.06 years. They completed an online survey consisting of a battery of questionnaires measuring psychopathology. The Latent Class Analysis (LCA) on Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) items was utilized to estimate different drinking subgroups among college students. These subgroups were then compared on demographic and psychopathological characteristics using one-way ANOVA. Results: The LCA estimated three subgroups: light drinkers (55.2%), at-risk drinkers (35.4%), and problem drinkers (9.4%). Problem drinkers had the highest levels of perceived stress, depression, and anxiety as well as the lowest resilience. Conclusion: Participants with problem drinking profile differed from at-risk drinking students mainly by the consequences of drinking and the frequency of binge drinking. The differences between the findings of the present study and previous research could be attributed to some extent to the situation associated with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic at the time of data collection.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 psychologie   MeSH
• interpretace statistických dat MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• pití alkoholu na vysoké škole * psychologie   MeSH
• poruchy způsobené alkoholem klasifikace   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• škály posuzující chování statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika MeSH

• MeSH
• pití alkoholu epidemiologie   MeSH
• sběr dat MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• sociální problémy MeSH
• socioekonomické faktory MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• vyspělé země statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• zaměstnanost MeSH

• Konspekt
• Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
• NLK Obory
• veřejné zdravotnictví
• adiktologie
• NLK Publikační typ
• studie

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• pití alkoholu MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Maďarsko MeSH
• Slovenská republika MeSH

Cieľ: Cieľom práce bolo popísať a priblížiť charakter pitia u žien. Zaujímali nás začiatky pitia alkoholu u žien, rituály, ktoré umocnili rozvoj závislosti, a ako sa mení spôsob pitia alkoholu v priebehu času. Materiál a metódy: Výskumný súbor tvorilo desať žien závislých od alkoholu, ktoré sa liečili v Centre pre liečbu drogových závislostí v Banskej Bystrici vo vekovom rozpätí 24 až 70 rokov. Realizovali sme kvalitatívny výskum. Na zber dát sme použili metódu pološtruktúrovaného rozhovoru. Dáta z rozhovorov sme analyzovali pomocou metódy klastrovania. Výsledky: Výsledky výskumu popisujú začiatky pitia alkoholu u žien, spôsob pitia a ako sa tento spôsob menil v priebehu času. Vo výsledkoch sa objavili rozdiely v spôsobe pitia medzi mladšími a staršími ženami. Mladšie ženy uprednostňujú pitie v ťahoch, zatiaľ čo staršie ženy hladinové pitie alkoholu, čo korešponduje aj s inými výskumnými zisteniami. Dôležitým zistením je aj frekventný výskyt kombinácie alkoholu s psychofarmakami, ktorých užívanie odďaľovalo vyhľadanie odbornej pomoci pre problém so závislosťou od alkoholu. Záver: Naše zistenia poukazujú na to, že u všetkých žien vo výskumnom súbore došlo v priebehu rozvoja závislosti k zmene spôsobu pitia. Spoločným atribútom bol v štádiu nadužívania alkoholu prechod do sólového pitia.

Objectives: The aim of the research was to describe drinking patterns of women. We were interested in the beginnings of alcohol consumption, in the rituals which enhanced the addiction development and in the changes of alcohol usage by women over the time. Methods: Research sample consisted of ten women with alcohol dependency undergoing the addiction treatment in age interval from 24 up to 70 years. We realized qualitative research. Semi structured interview was used to collect data. The data were analyzed by cluster methodology. Results: Research outcomes describe the beginnings of alcohol consumption by women, drinking patterns and change of these patterns over the time. There are differences in drinking patterns between younger and older women. Younger women prefer periodic drinking, while older women prefer to maintain the alcohol level. These findings correspond with other research outcomes. An important finding is also a frequent occurrence of combination alcohol with psychopharmacological medicaments. Their usage delayed searching the professional help for the problém with alcohol dependency. Conclusions: Our findings point to the changes in drinking patterns of all the women in the research sample. A common attribute was change into the sole drinking.

• MeSH
• alkoholické nápoje škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• alkoholismus MeSH
• chování a mechanismy chování MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• návykové chování * MeSH
• pití alkoholu * psychologie   škodlivé účinky   trendy   MeSH
• poruchy spojené s užíváním psychoaktivních látek MeSH
• psychotropní léky škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• zakázané drogy MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

• MeSH
• alkoholické nápoje škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Evropská unie MeSH
• formální sociální kontrola MeSH
• mezinárodní spolupráce MeSH
• pití alkoholu prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• podpora zdraví MeSH
• poruchy způsobené alkoholem prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• primární prevence metody   MeSH
• směrnice jako téma MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

• Konspekt
• Hygiena. Lidské zdraví
• NLK Obory
• adiktologie
• NLK Publikační typ
• brožury
• informační publikace