Začátkem 90. let byl iniciován proces poznávání a snižování zdravotních a environmentálních rizik, který v současné době přechází v proces jejich řízení a redukce. Odhad zdravotních rizik a jejich následné řízení je jednou z povinností určenou hygienické službě zákonem 258/2000 Sb., zákon o ochraně veřejného zdraví. Součástí procesu komunikace a řízení rizik je také zapojení veřejnosti. Je důležité zjistit, jak lidé posuzují rizika, s nimiž se denně setkávají. Je potřebné vědět, která rizika považují za významná, a zda jsou schopni a ochotni je ovlivnit. Znalost fungováni mechanismů vnímání rizika je nezbytným předpokladem pro zapojení veřejnosti do procesu řízení technologických rizik. Článek poskytuje teoretická východiska k pochopení základních principů vnímání a komunikace rizika.
At the beginning of the nineties the process of environmental health risks assessment and reduction was initiated which at present is developing into the process of risk management and risk control. Health risks assessment and their subsequent control is one of the duties of the hygiene service laid down in Act 258/2000, i.e. the Act of public health protection. A part of the process of risk communication and risk management is also involvement of public. It is important to assess how people evaluate risks they encounter in everyday life. It is important to know which risks they consider important and whether they are able and willing to resolve them. Knowledge of the mechanism of risk perception is an essential prerequisite for public involvement in the process of technological risk management. The article provides theoretical framework needed to understand basic principles of risk perception and risk communication.
European sustainable development and health series ; Book 1
58 s. : il. ; 26 cm
- MeSH
- Cultural Evolution standards MeSH
- City Planning MeSH
- Policy Making MeSH
- Urban Health MeSH
- Health Policy MeSH
- Environment standards MeSH
- Geographicals
- Europe MeSH
- Conspectus
- Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
- NML Fields
- environmentální vědy
- věda a výzkum
- management, organizace a řízení zdravotnictví
- NML Publication type
- publikace WHO
V Národním programu rozvoje vzdìlávání byly zformulovány principy kurikulární reformy. Rámcové vzdìlávací programy (RVP) vymezují závazné rámce vzdìlávání pro jednotlivé etapy pøedškolního, základního i støedního vzdìlávání. Školní vzdìlávací programy si vytváøí každá škola podle zásad stanovených v pøíslušném RVP, které mùže modifikovat. V RVP pro základní a støední vzdìlávání jsou stanoveny tzv. základní vzdìlávací oblasti a prùøezová témata. Ve vzdìlávací oblasti „Èlovìk a zdraví“, spoleèné základnímu i gymnaziálnímu vzdìlávání, jsou zaøazeny pøedmìty „Výchova ke zdraví“ a „Tìlesná výchova“. Na pedagogických fakultách byly akreditovány nové studijní programy se studijním oborem „Výchova ke zdraví“.
In the National Programme of Education Development the principles of curriculum reform were formulated. Framework education programmes (FEP) define binding education frameworks for particular periods of pre-school, elementary and college education. School education programmes are drawn up by each particular school according to principles given in appropriate FEP. These the school may modify according to its own conditions, character of the region and its specific aims. In FEP for elementary and college education, there are given so-called elementary education areas and cross-sectional themes. In the education area “Man and Health”, common for both elementary and college education, included are subjects like “Health Education” and “Physical Education”. At Faculties of Pedagogics there have been accredited new study programmes together with the study branch “Health education”.
Objectives: Work aims to create a portable tool with a decision support, providing relevant methods for purposes of physical activity evaluation in real-time. Methods: We have utilized accelerometer equipped ez430Chronos watch in conjunction with a preconfigured RaspberryPi-based setup. Wireless transmission of accelerometer data into a running web application instance, which served as a user frontend, is provided through the WebSocket protocol. Decision support is based on a Weka classifier. Results: The proposed framework is ready to be used for the annotation and basic evaluation of physical activity data in a Wi-Fi covered areas. Minor issues are related to the occasional instability of data transmission, which has to be handled consequently. Conclusions: We found the overall framework architecture robust enough to serve its purpose. Next steps in the development will lead to an expansion of outlined functionality.
Intestinal milieu disorders are strongly related to the occurrence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), which results from mucosa destruction, epithelium disruption, and tight junction (TJ) proteins loss. Excess of H2 S in the intestinal milieu produced by the sulfate-reducing bacteria metabolism contributes to development of IBDs via epithelial barrier breakdown. Conventional interventions, such as surgery and anti-inflammatory medications, are considered not completely effective because of frequent recurrence and other complications. Herein, a novel oral delivery system, a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS)-based polymer-coated Zr-based metal-organic framework (UiO-66) with a Cux -rhodamine B (CR) probe (hereinafter referred to as HUR), is produced via a co-flow microfluidic approach with the ability to reduce H2 S levels, thus restoring the intestinal lumen milieu. HPMCAS serves as an enteric coating that exposes UiO-66@CR at the pH of the intestine but not the acidic pH of the stomach. The synthesized HUR exhibits notable therapeutic efficacy, including mucosa recovery, epithelium integrity restoration, and TJ proteins upregulation via H2 S scavenging to protect against intestinal barrier damage and microbiome dysbiosis. Thus, HUR is verified to be a promising theranostic platform able to decrease the H2 S content for intestinal milieu disorder treatment. The presented study therefore opens the door for further exploitation for IBDs therapy.
... CONTENTS -- ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT 1 -- INTRODUCTION 2 -- Background 2 -- Purpose of 2021 SPRP M&E Framework ... ... Monitoring using narrative case studies 5 -- SPRP 2021 implementation evaluation 5 -- SPRP 2021 M&E Framework ...
iii, 49 stran : ilustrace
- MeSH
- Betacoronavirus MeSH
- COVID-19 MeSH
- Disease Outbreaks MeSH
- Epidemiological Monitoring MeSH
- Health Planning MeSH
- Conspectus
- Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
- NML Fields
- veřejné zdravotnictví
- infekční lékařství
- epidemiologie
- NML Publication type
- publikace WHO
