In this study, simple oil-in-water emulsions (O/W) and multiple O/W/O emulsions were employed as carriers for a curcumin delivery system. The stability of emulsions was evaluated using DSC (differential scanning calorimetry), accompanied by particle size measurement by DLS (dynamic light scattering) and rheological analysis. The amount of freezable water (Wfs) in O/W emulsion was determined to be 80.4%, while that in O/W/O emulsion was 23.7%. Multiple emulsions had a more complex structure than simple emulsions, being characterized by higher stability with predominant loss modulus over storage modulus (G" > G'). The mean surface diameter for O/W emulsion was 198.7 ± 9.8 nm, being approximately two times lower than that for multiple emulsions. Curcumin in vitro digestibility was observed for both emulsions and, additionally, the digestibility of fresh and dried curcuma root powders was investigated. Multiple emulsions were found to be a superior matrix for curcumin delivery, with higher stability and emulsion digestibility of 50.6% for the stomach and small intestine. In vitro digestion of dried curcuma powders and curcuma root samples was monitored by HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography). The DMD (dry matter digestibility) for dried curcuma powders ranged between 52.9% to 78.8%, and for fresh curcuma (KF) was 95.5%.
The human body gets exposed to a variety of toxins intentionally or unintentionally on a regular basis from sources such as air, water, food, and soil. Certain toxins can be synthetic, while some are biological. The toxins affect the various parts of the body by activating numerous pro-inflammatory markers, like oxidative stresses, that tend to disturb the normal function of the organs ultimately. Nowadays, people use different types of herbal treatments, viz., herbal drinks that contain different spices for detoxification of their bodies. One such example is turmeric, the most commonly available spice in the kitchen and used across all kinds of households. Turmeric contains curcumin, which is a natural polyphenol. Curcumin is a medicinal compound with different biological activities, such as antioxidant, antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial. Hence, this review gives a comprehensive insight into the promising potential of curcumin in the detoxification of heavy metals, carbon tetrachloride, drugs, alcohol, acrylamide, mycotoxins, nicotine, and plastics. The review encompasses diverse animal-based studies portraying curcumin's role in nullifying the different toxic effects in various organs of the body (especially the liver, kidney, testicles, and brain) by enhancing defensive signaling pathways, improving antioxidant enzyme levels, inhibiting pro-inflammatory markers activities and so on. Furthermore, this review also argues over curcumin's safety assessment for its utilization as a detoxifying agent.
- MeSH
- akrylamid toxicita MeSH
- antioxidancia farmakologie MeSH
- Curcuma chemie MeSH
- kurkumin * farmakologie chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metabolická inaktivace MeSH
- mykotoxiny toxicita MeSH
- nikotin MeSH
- oxidační stres účinky léků MeSH
- těžké kovy toxicita MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Turmeric, Indian saffron, is being used for at least 4000 years. It is a well known medicinal drug and spice. Curcumin, the its main component, has vast biological activity, i.a. as an antibacterial, antidiabetic, hypocholes-teromic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, and even anticancer agent.Full text English translation is available in the on-line version.
- MeSH
- Curcuma * chemie MeSH
- kurkumin chemie farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Kurkumin a jemu příbuzné sloučeniny obsažené v oddenku rostliny kurkumovník dlouhý (Curcuma longa L.) přinášejí mnohočetné benefity pro organismus. Tyto benefity pramení zejména z antioxidačních a protizánětlivých vlastností kurkuminu. Z těchto účinků mohou profitovat lidé v rámci prevence a zvládání mnoha nepříznivých zdravotních stavů. Naději přinášejí i dosavadní studie o významu kurkuminu v managementu onemocnění covid-19. Pro těhotné je ale podávání kurkuminu stále kontraindikováno. Nové přípravky zlepšující biodostupnost této látky potenciál kurkuminu ještě umocňují.
Curcumin and its related compounds in the rhizome of the turmeric plant (Curcuma longa L.) bring multiple benefits for the organism. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of curcumin are considered to be the most important. There are reports confirming the preventive and ameliorating effects of this substance against different adverse health complications. Studies with focus on the management of the covid-19 disease also raise hope. However, curcumin is still contraindicated in pregnant women. New formulations that improve the bioavailability of this substance further enhance the potential of curcumin.
- MeSH
- antiflogistika nesteroidní terapeutické užití MeSH
- antioxidancia terapeutické užití MeSH
- Curcuma * MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu dietoterapie farmakoterapie MeSH
- fyziologie výživy MeSH
- hypoglykemika terapeutické užití MeSH
- koření MeSH
- kurkumin terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metabolický syndrom dietoterapie farmakoterapie MeSH
- osteoartróza dietoterapie farmakoterapie MeSH
- revmatoidní artritida dietoterapie farmakoterapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Ginger and turmeric rhizomes are used in folk medicine for the treatment of several cerebrovascular diseases with limited scientific basis for their action. Hence, in this study, we investigate the effects of two Zingiberaceae varieties (ginger and turmeric) on ectonucleotidases (NTPDase and 5′-nucleotidase), adenosine deaminase (ADA) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities in synaptosomes of cerebral cortex from l-NAME induced hypertensive rats. The animals were divided into seven groups (n = 10): normotensive control rats; hypertensive rats; hypertensive rats treated with atenolol; normotensive and hypertensive rats treated with 4% supplementation of turmeric and ginger rhizomes, respectively. After 14 days of pre-treatment with both rhizomes the animals were induced with hypertension by oral administration of l-NAME. The results revealed an increase of ATP and AMP hydrolysis as well as ADA and AChE activities of cerebral cortex synaptosomes in induced rats when compared with the control. The supplementation of both rhizomes prevented these alterations by decreasing ATP and AMP hydrolysis and ADA and AChE activities in cerebral cortex. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that both rhizomes interfere with the purinergic and cholinergic neurotransmission in cerebral cortex of hypertensive rats. Therefore, we can suggest that both rhizomes exert neuroprotective potential under hypertensive state.
- MeSH
- acetylcholinesterasa účinky léků MeSH
- adenosindeaminasa účinky léků MeSH
- cerebrovaskulární poruchy dietoterapie farmakoterapie MeSH
- chromatografie MeSH
- Curcuma * imunologie metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- experimenty na zvířatech MeSH
- fenoly MeSH
- hypertenze dietoterapie farmakoterapie terapie MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- laboratorní zvířata MeSH
- mozková kůra účinky léků MeSH
- nukleotidasy účinky léků MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- potravní doplňky * MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- synaptozomy účinky léků MeSH
- výhonky rostlin MeSH
- výzkumný projekt MeSH
- zázvor lékařský * imunologie metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
Discerning relationships among species evolved by reticulate and/or polyploid evolution is not an easy task, although it is widely discussed. The economically important genus Curcuma (ca. 120 spp.; Zingiberaceae), broadly distributed in tropical SE Asia, is a particularly interesting example of a group of palaeopolyploid origin whose evolution is driven mainly by hybridization and polyploidization. Although a phylogeny and a new infrageneric classification of Curcuma, based on commonly used molecular markers (ITS and cpDNA), have recently been proposed, significant evolutionary questions remain unresolved. We applied a multilocus approach and a combination of modern analytical methods to this genus to distinguish causes of gene tree incongruence and to identify hybrids and their parental species. Five independent regions of nuclear DNA (DCS, GAPDH, GLOBOSA3, LEAFY, ITS) and four non-coding cpDNA regions (trnL-trnF, trnT-trnL, psbA-trnH and matK), analysed as a single locus, were employed to construct a species tree and hybrid species trees using (*)BEAST and STEM-hy. Detection of hybridogenous species in the dataset was also conducted using the posterior predictive checking approach as implemented in JML. The resulting species tree outlines the relationships among major evolutionary lineages within Curcuma, which were previously unresolved or which conflicted depending upon whether they were based on ITS or cpDNA markers. Moreover, by using the additional markers in tests of plausible topologies of hybrid species trees for C. vamana, C. candida, C. roscoeana and C. myanmarensis suggested by previous molecular and morphological evidence, we found strong evidence that all the species except C. candida are of subgeneric hybrid origin.
- MeSH
- Curcuma genetika MeSH
- DNA chloroplastová genetika MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- hybridizace genetická MeSH
- molekulární evoluce MeSH
- polyploidie MeSH
- rostlinné geny MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Asie MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- epigallokatechin gallát,
- MeSH
- antikarcinogenní látky MeSH
- antioxidancia MeSH
- čaj MeSH
- Curcuma MeSH
- fytogenní protinádorové látky MeSH
- fyziologie výživy MeSH
- kakaovník MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- katechin analogy a deriváty farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ovoce MeSH
- polyfenoly * farmakologie klasifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- potraviny MeSH
- quercetin terapeutické užití MeSH
- resveratrol MeSH
- stilbeny farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- zelenina MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
After a ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in farm animals in the European Union in 2006, an interest in alternative products with antibacterial or anti-inflammatory properties has increased. In this study, we therefore tested the effects of extracts from Curcuma longa and Scutellaria baicalensis used as feed additives against cecal inflammation induced by heat stress or Salmonella Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) infection in chickens. Curcuma extract alone was not enough to decrease gut inflammation induced by heat stress. However, a mixture of Curcuma and Scutellaria extracts used as feed additives decreased gut inflammation induced by heat or S. Enteritidis, decreased S. Enteritidis counts in the cecum but was of no negative effect on BW or humoral immune response. Using next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA we found out that supplementation of feed with the 2 plant extracts had no effect on microbiota diversity. However, if the plant extract supplementation was provided to the chickens infected with S. Enteritidis, Faecalibacterium, and Lactobacillus, both bacterial genera with known positive effects on gut health were positively selected. The supplementation of chicken feed with extracts from Curcuma and Scutelleria thus may be used in poultry production to effectively decrease gut inflammation and increase chicken performance.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- antiflogistika aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- Curcuma chemie MeSH
- dieta veterinární MeSH
- krmivo pro zvířata analýza MeSH
- kur domácí * MeSH
- mikrobiota účinky léků MeSH
- nemoci drůbeže farmakoterapie imunologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- potravní doplňky analýza MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S genetika metabolismus MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- Salmonella enteritidis účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- salmonelová infekce u zvířat farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- šišák chemie MeSH
- zánět farmakoterapie veterinární MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
