Úvod: Erektilní dysfunkce (ED) je vysoce prevalenční porucha, která významně ovlivňuje kvalitu života mužů i jejich partnerek. Inhibitory fosfodiesterázy typu 5 (PDE5i), zejména sildenafil, tvoří základní linii farmakologické léčby ED. Tradiční tabletová forma však může být u části pacientů spojena s pomalejším nástupem účinku, vyšším výskytem nežádoucích účinků a sníženou adherencí. Inovativní léková forma – orálně rozpustný film (ORF) s obsahem sildenafilu – byla vyvinuta s cílem tyto limity překonat. Metodika: Článek shrnuje dostupná klinická a farmakokinetická data o účinnosti, bezpečnosti a pacientské preferenci nové lékové formy sildenafilu ve formě ORF. Zohledněna jsou randomizovaná kontrolovaná hodnocení, farmaceutické studie a zkušenosti z klinické praxe. Výsledky: Sildenafil ve formě ORF vykazuje srovnatelnou účinnost jako klasická tableta, přičemž dosahuje rychlejšího nástupu účinku díky částečnému vstřebávání přes sliznici dutiny ústní. Při dávce 50 mg bývá dosaženo optimálního terapeutického efektu u většiny pacientů, což může snižovat výskyt nežádoucích účinků. Léková forma rovněž umožňuje diskrétní užití bez nutnosti zapíjení, čímž zvyšuje komfort a adherenci pacientů. Závěr: ORF s obsahem sildenafilu představuje moderní a klinicky přínosnou alternativu v léčbě ED. Jeho využití může být zvláště vhodné u pacientů s preferencí rychlého nástupu účinku, u osob s dysfagií nebo u těch, kteří upřednostňují diskrétní formu užití. Další výzkum by měl ověřit přínosy této formy v běžné klinické praxi a její vliv na dlouhodobou adherenci a spokojenost pacientů.
Introduction: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a highly prevalent disorder that significantly affects the quality of life of men and their partners. Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i), particularly sildenafil, form the first line of pharmacological treatment for ED. However, the traditional tablet form may be associated with a slower onset of action, a higher incidence of adverse effects, and reduced adherence in some patients. An innovative drug form - an orally dissolvable film (ORF) containing sildenafil - has been developed to overcome these limitations. Methodology: The article summarizes the available clinical and pharmacokinetic data on the efficacy, safety, and patient preference of the new sildenafil dosage form as an orally dissolving film. Randomized controlled trials, pharmaceutical studies, and clinical experience are taken into account. Results: Sildenafil in ORF form shows comparable efficacy to the classic tablet, with a faster onset of action due to partial absorption through the oral mucosa. At a dose of 50 mg, the optimal therapeutic effect is achieved in most patients, which may reduce the incidence of adverse effects. The dosage form also allows for discreet use without the need for water, thereby increasing patient comfort and adherence. Conclusion: An orally dissolvable film containing sildenafil represents a modern and clinically beneficial alternative in the treatment of ED. Its use may be particularly suitable for patients who prefer a rapid onset of action, those with dysphagia, or those who prefer a discreet form of administration. Further research should verify the benefits of this form in routine clinical practice and its impact on long-term adherence and patient satisfaction.
- MeSH
- aplikace orální MeSH
- aplikace sublinguální MeSH
- erektilní dysfunkce * farmakoterapie MeSH
- inhibitory fosfodiesterasy 5 aplikace a dávkování farmakokinetika terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- sildenafil citrát aplikace a dávkování farmakokinetika terapeutické užití MeSH
- způsoby aplikace léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Kromě hypogonadizmu jsou s mužskou sexuální dysfunkcí spojena i další endokrinní onemocnění. V našem článku se zabýváme úlohou hypofyzárního hormonu prolaktinu při mužských sexuálních dysfunkcích, zvláště pak při erektilní dysfunkci. Erektilní dysfunkce je u mužů s hyperprolaktinémií častá. Léčba této primární příčiny může ovlivnit normální erektilní funkci. V souboru našich pacientů došlo po léčbě hyperprolaktinémie (medikamentózní i operační) k normalizaci hladiny prolaktinu u všech léčených pacientů. Erektilní dysfunkce byla u všech mužů léčena některým typem inhibitoru 5 fosfodiesterázy – tedy sildenafilem, tadalafilem, vardenafilem, avanafilem. Po zaléčení primární příčiny erektilní dysfunkce pak došlo i ke zlepšení IIEF-5 (International Index of Erectile Function) skóre, a tedy i erektilní funkce všech našich pacientů.
In addition to hypogonadism, other endocrine diseases are associated with male sexual dysfunction. In this article, we review the role of the pituitary hormone prolactin in male sexual dysfunction, and in particular in erectile dysfunction. Erectile dysfunction is common in men with hyperprolactinemia. Treatment of this primary cause may affect normal erectile function. In our patient cohort, after treatment of hyperprolactinemia (medical and surgical), prolactin levels normalized in all treated patients. Erectile dysfunction in all men was treated with some type of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor - i.e. sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil, avanafil. After the treatment of the primary cause of erectile dysfunction, there was then also an improvement in IIEF-5 (International Index of Erectile Function) score and therefore erectile function in all our patients.
INTRODUCTION: This study explored patient and clinician perspectives on a new fixed-dose combination of macitentan and tadalafil (M/T FDC) in a once-daily single tablet for treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). METHODS: Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted during the open-label period of the global, phase 3 A DUE clinical trial that evaluated M/T FDC. A subset of enrolled patients (N = 26) and site investigators (N = 18 clinicians) were interviewed. Patients received four tablets during double-blind treatment and could be in one of three arms (macitentan + placebo; tadalafil + placebo; M/T FDC + placebo) followed by M/T FDC (one tablet) during the open-label period. Patients and clinicians were asked to share their experience of pre-trial PAH medication, double-blind treatment, and open-label M/T FDC. Thematic analysis was conducted on blinded data. RESULTS: Patients preferred the M/T FDC tablet (open-label) over the four tablets during double-blind treatment. Patients were satisfied with M/T FDC, highlighting its positive impact on their psychological well-being, through reducing stress associated with managing multiple pills. All patients indicated that having a single, once-a-day pill for PAH was more convenient and associated with greater treatment adherence. Clinicians highlighted that their patients have a high daily pill burden for PAH and other comorbidities, and prefer treatments with an oral mode of administration that reduce the number of daily pills required. Clinicians felt that M/T FDC would be well received in clinical practice and potentially assist in implementing guideline-recommended combination treatment of PAH. CONCLUSIONS: In this qualitative analysis, all 26 patients and 18 clinicians provided positive feedback on M/T FDC treatment, which was consistent across countries. Reducing the number of pills needed to treat PAH, through use of single-tablet M/T FDC, is highly valued by patients and endorsed by clinicians, who both felt the single-tablet combination therapy could have a positive effect on patients' well-being and increase treatment adherence.
- MeSH
- adaptivní klinické zkoušky jako téma MeSH
- antihypertenziva * aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
- fixní kombinace léků MeSH
- inhibitory fosfodiesterasy 5 aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- klinické zkoušky, fáze III jako téma MeSH
- kvalitativní výzkum MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- multicentrické studie jako téma MeSH
- plicní arteriální hypertenze * farmakoterapie MeSH
- plicní hypertenze * farmakoterapie MeSH
- pyrimidiny * aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
- rozhovory jako téma MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- spokojenost pacientů MeSH
- sulfonamidy * aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- tablety MeSH
- tadalafil * aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe and progressive disease with limited survival prospects under currently available therapies. Since the 2022 edition of the European Society of Cardiology and European Respiratory Society guidelines on pulmonary hypertension, substantial clinical evidence has emerged, supporting a new treatment algorithm for PAH as presented at the 7th World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension 2024 and the following proceeding papers. Key updates include the introduction of sotatercept as a second-line therapy leading to a revised definition of maximal medical therapy now encompassing agents from four therapeutic groups (phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors/soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators, endothelin receptor antagonists, prostacyclin pathway agents, and sotatercept), instead of three (phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors/soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators, endothelin receptor antagonists, prostacyclin pathway agents). Other novelties include the elimination of a distinct pathway for patients with cardiopulmonary comorbidities in favor of an individualized approach, a reduction in the initial patient assessment risk categories from three to two, and a follow-up interval shortened from 3-6 months to 3-4 months post-treatment initiation. This review presents these advancements and emphasizes the need for their widespread implementation in clinical practice. At the end, we present new opportunities and challenges in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension in eight Central and Eastern European countries.
- Klíčová slova
- apremilast,
- MeSH
- antiflogistika nesteroidní aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- dolní končetina patologie MeSH
- inhibitory fosfodiesterasy 4 * aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- kombinovaná farmakoterapie metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prednisolon aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- pyoderma gangrenosum * farmakoterapie komplikace patologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- syndromy imunologické nedostatečnosti farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- apremilast,
- MeSH
- antiflogistika nesteroidní aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- inhibitory fosfodiesterasy 4 * aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci nehtů farmakoterapie MeSH
- psoriáza * farmakoterapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
INTRODUCTION: The relationship between a poorly functioning thyroid gland and erectile dysfunction (hereinafter, "ED") has been demonstrated in many studies. If a man has thyroid problems, it can negatively affect his ability to achieve or maintain an erection. The thyroid gland produces hormones that affect metabolism and overall body function, including blood circulation. If the thyroid gland is not functioning properly, it can lead to blood circulation disorders, which can affect erectile function. There are also symptoms of thyroid disorders that can contribute to ED. Some of these symptoms include fatigue, depression, and anxiety, which can negatively affect a man's psychological side and affect his sexual performance. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: In our article, we present a series of patients with ED who were treated in our department and found to have some form of thyroid dysfunction. RESULTS: After treatment for thyroid dysfunction and treatment with 5-phosphodiesterase inhibitors were implemented, erectile function improved in all patients ((Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test; Z = -4.55; p (2-tailed) < 0.001; n = 27) to the level of mild or no ED. Improvement occurred in men with hyper- and hypothyroidism. After one year of treatment, there was no difference between the two groups (t-test; t = 0.75; df = 0.25; p < 0.46). CONCLUSION: This study shows that screening for thyroid dysfunction should be performed in all men with ED and that treating thyroid dysfunction may be an effective way to improve erectile function in men with these health problems.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- erektilní dysfunkce * farmakoterapie MeSH
- hypertyreóza * komplikace farmakoterapie MeSH
- hypotyreóza * farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- inhibitory fosfodiesterasy 5 * terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Sildenafil, approved for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), has a recommended adult dose of 20 mg TID, with a previously approved 5-mg TID dose by the US Food and Drug Administration. Safety concerns arose because of common off-label use of higher doses, particularly after pediatric data linked higher doses to increased mortality. To assess this, the Food and Drug Administration mandated a study evaluating the effects of various sildenafil doses on mortality in adults with PAH. METHODS: This randomized, double-blind study compared sildenafil at doses of 5, 20, or 80 mg TID in adults with PAH. The primary objective was noninferiority of 80 mg of sildenafil versus 5 mg for all-cause mortality. Secondary end points included time to clinical worsening and change in 6-minute walk distance at 6 months. Interim analyses were planned at 50% and 75% of the anticipated mortality events. Safety and tolerability were assessed in the intention-to-treat population. RESULTS: The study was halted after the first interim analysis, demonstrating noninferiority for 80 mg of sildenafil versus 5 mg. Of 385 patients enrolled across all dose groups, 78 died. The primary analysis showed a hazard ratio of 0.51 (99.7% CI, 0.22-1.21; P<0.001 for noninferiority) for overall survival comparing 80 mg of sildenafil with 5 mg. Time to clinical worsening favored 80 mg of sildenafil compared with 5 mg (hazard ratio, 0.44 [99.7% CI, 0.22-0.89]; P<0.001). Sildenafil at 80 mg improved 6-minute walk distance from baseline at 6 months compared with 5 mg (least square mean change, 18.9 m [95% CI, 2.99-34.86]; P=0.0201). No significant differences were found between 80 mg of sildenafil and 20 mg in mortality, clinical worsening, and 6-minute walk distance. Adverse event-related drug discontinuations were numerically higher with 80 mg of sildenafil. CONCLUSIONS: Sildenafil at 80 mg was noninferior to sildenafil at 5 mg when examining all-cause mortality in adults with PAH. Secondary efficacy end points favored 80 mg of sildenafil over 5 mg. On the basis of these findings, the Food and Drug Administration recently revoked the approval of 5 mg of sildenafil for adults with PAH, reinforced 20 mg TID as the recommended dose, and now allows dose titration up to 80 mg TID, if needed. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT02060487.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
- inhibitory fosfodiesterasy 5 aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- plicní arteriální hypertenze farmakoterapie mortalita MeSH
- plicní hypertenze farmakoterapie mortalita MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- sildenafil citrát * aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití škodlivé účinky MeSH
- test chůzí MeSH
- vazodilatancia aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
- MeSH
- biologická terapie metody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- biosimilární léčivé přípravky farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- inhibitory fosfodiesterasy 4 farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- inhibitory proteinkinas farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nežádoucí účinky léčiv MeSH
- psoriáza * farmakoterapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
While phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition (PED5i) may prevent hypertrophy and failure in pressure-overloaded heart in an experimental model, the impact of PDE5i on volume-overload (VO)-induced hypertrophy is unknown. It is also unclear whether the hypertrophied right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle (LV) differ in their responsiveness to long-term PDE5i and if this therapy affects renal function. The goal of this study was to elucidate the effect of PDE5i treatment in VO due to aorto-caval fistula (ACF) and to compare PDE5i treatment with standard heart failure (HF) therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi). ACF/sham procedure was performed on male HanSD rats aged 8 weeks. ACF animals were randomized for PDE5i sildenafil, ACEi trandolapril, or placebo treatments. After 20 weeks, RV and LV function (echocardiography, pressure-volume analysis), myocardial gene expression, and renal function were studied. Separate rat cohorts served for survival analysis. ACF led to biventricular eccentric hypertrophy (LV: +68%, RV: +145%), increased stroke work (LV: 3.6-fold, RV: 6.7-fold), and reduced load-independent systolic function (PRSW, LV: -54%, RV: -51%). Both ACF ventricles exhibited upregulation of the genes of myocardial stress and glucose metabolism. ACEi but not PDE5i attenuated pulmonary congestion, LV remodeling, albuminuria, and improved survival (median survival in ACF/ACEi was 41 weeks vs. 35 weeks in ACF/placebo, p = .02). PDE5i increased cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels in the lungs, but not in the RV, LV, or kidney. PDE5i did not improve survival rate and cardiac and renal function in ACF rats, in contrast to ACEi. VO-induced HF is not responsive to PDE5i therapy.
- MeSH
- inhibitory ACE * farmakologie MeSH
- inhibitory fosfodiesterasy 5 * farmakologie MeSH
- kardiomegalie farmakoterapie MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- remodelace komor * MeSH
- srdeční selhání * farmakoterapie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH