Článek se zabývá kazuistikou smíšené importované bakteriální nákazy vyvolané Salmonella Paratyphi A a Campylobacter jejuni, která byla uznána jako nemoc z povolání u mladého muže po návratu z pracovní cesty v Malajsii. Cílem sdělení je přiblížit původce nákaz s prezentací klinického obrazu, diagnostiky a léčby uvedených nemocí. Zvláštní důraz je kladen na možnosti prevence, které zahrnují vyšetření zdravotního stavu pracovníků před a po návratu ze zahraniční pracovní cesty, včetně provedení očkování a poradenství týkající se dodržování hygienických a protiepidemických opatření během cesty a v průběhu celého pobytu.
The article deals with a case report of a mixed imported bacterial infection caused by Salmonella Paratyphi A and Campylobacter jejuni, which was recognized as an occupational disease in a young man after returning from a business trip in Malaysia. The aim of the communication is to introduce the causative agent of diseases with the presentation of the clinical picture, options of diagnostics and treatment of these diseases. Special emphasis is placed on prevention options, which include examining the health status of workers before a trip and after returning from a business trip abroad, including vaccinations and counseling on compliance with hygiene and anti-epidemic measures during the trip and throughout the stay.
- MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Campylobacter Infections * diagnosis transmission therapy MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Occupational Diseases MeSH
- Paratyphoid Fever * diagnosis transmission therapy MeSH
- Peer Review MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
Článek informuje o výskytu vybraných infekčních onemocnění přenášených potravinami a vodou, včetně virových střevních onemocnění, v České republice v roce 2017 a podává přehled o vývoji nemocnosti v posledních pěti letech. Prezentovány jsou data a údaje o infekčních nemocech hlášené v uvedených letech do celostátního informačního systému EPIDAT v rámci surveillance infekčních onemocnění.
The article reviews the incidence of selected food-borne and water-borne infectious diseases, including viral intestinal diseases in the Czech Republic in 2017 and their trends in the last five years. The data are presented on cases of infectious diseases reported to the national information system EPIDAT within the surveillance of infectious diseases.
- MeSH
- Typhoid Fever diagnosis epidemiology pathology prevention & control transmission MeSH
- Hepatitis E diagnosis epidemiology pathology prevention & control transmission MeSH
- Disease Notification statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Escherichia coli Infections pathology prevention & control transmission MeSH
- Communicable Diseases epidemiology MeSH
- Campylobacter Infections diagnosis microbiology prevention & control transmission MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Listeriosis pathology prevention & control transmission MeSH
- Foodborne Diseases * epidemiology classification pathology prevention & control therapy MeSH
- Intestinal Diseases diagnosis epidemiology etiology pathology prevention & control therapy MeSH
- Paratyphoid Fever pathology prevention & control transmission MeSH
- Protozoan Infections epidemiology pathology prevention & control MeSH
- Salmonella Infections diagnosis microbiology pathology prevention & control transmission MeSH
- Shigella classification pathogenicity growth & development MeSH
- Hepatitis, Viral, Human epidemiology pathology prevention & control transmission MeSH
- Yersinia pseudotuberculosis pathogenicity growth & development MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Tables MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
The aim of this study was to describe epidemiological and clinical characteristics of imported enteric fever in Czech travellers and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolated strains. Retrospective descriptive study included adult patients treated with enteric fever at Hospital Na Bulovce during January 2004-December 2012. A case of typhoid or paratyphoid fever was defined as isolation of Salmonella Typhi or Paratyphi from blood or stool. During the study period, there have been diagnosed 19 cases of enteric fever (12 males and 7 females) with age median of 30 years; 14 cases were caused by Salmonella Typhi and 5 cases by S. Paratyphi A. The infection has been acquired in South Asia (16 patients; 84.2 %), in Africa (Egypt, Angola) in two cases (10.5 %), and in Mexico (1; 5.3 %). Symptoms included fever (all patients), diarrhoea (16 cases; 84.2 %), headache (9; 47.4 %), and abdominal pain (7; 36.8 %). Seventeen patients (89.5 %) were treated with fluoroquinolones; however, the treatment failure was observed in seven of them (41.2 %). Decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility was detected in eight strains (66.7 %), and one strain (8.3 %) was multidrug resistant. Sequence analysis of quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDR) of the gyrA gene revealed the presence of amino acid substitutions in all tested isolates with decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility. Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers represent epidemiologically important diseases that may lead to potentially life-threatening complications. Major issue in the management of enteric fever represents the non-susceptibility of Salmonella strains to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
- MeSH
- Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology MeSH
- Drug Resistance, Bacterial MeSH
- Typhoid Fever epidemiology microbiology MeSH
- Travel MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Microbial Sensitivity Tests MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Paratyphoid Fever epidemiology microbiology MeSH
- Retrospective Studies MeSH
- Salmonella enterica classification drug effects genetics isolation & purification MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Asia MeSH
- Czech Republic MeSH
- Egypt MeSH
- Mexico MeSH
Článek podává přehled o výskytu infekčních onemocnění přenášených potravinami a vodou, včetně virových střevních onemocnění, v České republice. Jsou prezentována data a údaje o výskytu vybraných onemocnění v roce 2012 a trendy výskytu těchto onemocnění za posledních 5 – 10 let. Zdrojem uvedených dat je EPIDAT – celostátní program hlášení, evidence a analýzy dat o přenosných nemocech v ČR.
A review of food- and waterborne infections including viral intestinal infections in the Czech Republic is presented. A summary is given of 2012 data on selected food- and waterborne infections and the respective incidence trends in the last 5 or 10 years. The presented data are derived from the EPIDAT system – a nationwide reporting system for communicable diseases enabling data entry, validation, storage, and analysis.
- Keywords
- infekční onemocnění přenášená potravinami a vodou, alimentární infekce, trendy nemocnosti, sezónní výskyt,
- MeSH
- Typhoid Fever diagnosis epidemiology pathology prevention & control transmission MeSH
- Hepatitis E diagnosis epidemiology pathology prevention & control transmission MeSH
- Disease Notification statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Escherichia coli Infections pathology prevention & control transmission MeSH
- Communicable Diseases epidemiology MeSH
- Campylobacter Infections diagnosis microbiology prevention & control transmission MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Listeriosis pathology prevention & control transmission MeSH
- Foodborne Diseases * epidemiology classification pathology prevention & control therapy MeSH
- Intestinal Diseases diagnosis epidemiology etiology pathology prevention & control therapy MeSH
- Paratyphoid Fever pathology prevention & control transmission MeSH
- Protozoan Infections epidemiology pathology prevention & control MeSH
- Salmonella Infections diagnosis microbiology pathology prevention & control transmission MeSH
- Shigella classification pathogenicity growth & development MeSH
- Hepatitis, Viral, Human epidemiology pathology prevention & control transmission MeSH
- Yersinia pseudotuberculosis pathogenicity growth & development MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
Břišní tyfus je systémové horečnaté onemocnění vyvolané bakterií Salmonella Typhi. Ve vyspělých zemích se vyskytují téměř výhradně importované případy infekce. Endemicky se nákaza vyskytuje zejména na indickém subkontinentu, v jihovýchodní Asii, Africe, Střední a Jižní Americe. Předkládané kazuistiky popisují případy onemocnění importované z Indie u 59leté cestovatelky a 16letého indického chlapce, který navštívil své příbuzné. Kazuistiky demonstrují úskalí diagnostiky a léčby nákazy břišním tyfem. Diagnostika je založena především na přímém kultivačním průkazu bakterie z hemokultury, stolice, popř. moči. Widalova reakce není pro nízkou senzitivitu i specificitu vhodnou metodou pro průkaz onemocnění. Léčba je v současné době komplikována zejména výskytem multirezistentních (MDR) kmenů a kmenů se sníženou citlivostí k fluorochinolonům (NARST). Článek dále uvádí možnosti preventivních opatření, zejména očkování proti břišnímu tyfu. Relativně velmi účinné celobuněčné vakcíny nejsou pro vysokou reaktogenitu již používány. Dostupné živé atenuované a neživé polysacharidové vakcíny mají málo nežádoucích účinků, ale jejich účinnost je nižší než výše uvedené celobuněčné vakcíny. Ve fázi klinických studií jsou nadějné polysacharidové konjugované vakcíny, které budou zřejmě účinné i u dětí mladších než 2 roky.
Typhoid fever is a systemic febrile illness caused by Salmonella Typhi. In developed countries, the diagnosed cases are almost solely imported ones. Typhoid fever is endemic especially on the Indian subcontinent, in South-Eastern Asia, Africa, South and Central America. The authors are presenting two case reports of typhoid fever imported from India: a 59-year old female tourist and a 16-year old male who has visited his relatives. The presented case reports emphasise the pitfalls in the diagnostics and treatment of the enteric fever. For the confirmation of the typhoid fever it is necessary to isolate bacteria from blood, stool or urine. Due to its low sensitivity and specificity the Widal test is insufficient for diagnostic purposes. The treatment is complicated by the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains and strains with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones. The article presents the potential preventive measures, with the emphasis on vaccination. The efficacious whole-cell vaccines are no longer routinely used due to their substantial reactogenicity. Live-attenuated and polysaccharide vaccines represent well-tolerated vaccines despite their slightly lower effectiveness when compared to the above mentioned whole-cell vaccines. Vi-conjugated vaccines have been recently developed, with high probability to provide protection also in children under 2 years of age.
- Keywords
- břišní tyfus a paratyfus, cestovní medicína, očkování,
- MeSH
- Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use MeSH
- Antigens, Bacterial analysis MeSH
- Drug Resistance, Bacterial MeSH
- Bacteriological Techniques methods MeSH
- Typhoid Fever diagnosis drug therapy prevention & control MeSH
- Ceftriaxone administration & dosage therapeutic use MeSH
- Travel MeSH
- Travel Medicine MeSH
- Ciprofloxacin administration & dosage therapeutic use MeSH
- Financing, Organized MeSH
- Hemagglutination Tests MeSH
- Blood microbiology MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial MeSH
- Treatment Failure MeSH
- Paratyphoid Fever diagnosis drug therapy prevention & control MeSH
- Disease Transmission, Infectious MeSH
- Salmonella typhi isolation & purification MeSH
- Vaccination methods utilization MeSH
- Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines classification therapeutic use MeSH
- Check Tag
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
- Geographicals
- India MeSH
- MeSH
- Typhoid Fever prevention & control MeSH
- Cholera Vaccines administration & dosage MeSH
- Diphtheria prevention & control MeSH
- Drug Industry history trends MeSH
- Communicable Diseases * MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Paratyphoid Fever prevention & control MeSH
- Whooping Cough prevention & control MeSH
- Pertussis Vaccine administration & dosage MeSH
- Smallpox prevention & control MeSH
- Primary Prevention history methods trends MeSH
- Tetanus prevention & control MeSH
- Tuberculosis prevention & control MeSH
- Plague Vaccine administration & dosage MeSH
- Smallpox Vaccine administration & dosage therapeutic use MeSH
- Vaccination * history utilization MeSH
- Influenza Vaccines administration & dosage MeSH
- Tuberculosis Vaccines administration & dosage MeSH
- Virus Diseases prevention & control MeSH
- Rabies prevention & control MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
- MeSH
- Dysentery, Amebic MeSH
- Typhoid Fever MeSH
- Travel * MeSH
- Cholera MeSH
- Dengue MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral MeSH
- Communicable Diseases * MeSH
- Infant MeSH
- Leishmaniasis MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Malaria MeSH
- Infant, Newborn MeSH
- Paratyphoid Fever MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
- Primary Prevention * MeSH
- Risk Factors MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Pregnancy MeSH
- Vaccination MeSH
- Hepatitis, Viral, Human MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Infant MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Infant, Newborn MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Pregnancy MeSH
- Female MeSH
- MeSH
- Bacteriological Techniques methods utilization MeSH
- Typhoid Fever diagnosis epidemiology etiology MeSH
- Comorbidity MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Paratyphoid Fever diagnosis epidemiology etiology MeSH
- Salmonella paratyphi A isolation & purification MeSH
- Salmonella typhi isolation & purification MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
Břišní tyf a paratyfy jsou v současnosti téměř výlučně onemocnění importovaná z rozvojových zemí. Uvádíme 4 kazuistiky: onemocnění břišním tyfem, relaps břišního tyfu po nedostatečné antibiotické léčbě, smíšenou nákazu břišním tyfem, hepatitidou A a giardiózou a onemocnění paratyfem A způsobené salmonelou se sníženou citlivostí na fluorochinolony.
- MeSH
- Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology therapeutic use MeSH
- Drug Resistance, Microbial MeSH
- Typhoid Fever diagnosis etiology drug therapy MeSH
- Travel MeSH
- Fluoroquinolones MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Paratyphoid Fever diagnosis etiology drug therapy MeSH
- Developing Countries MeSH
- Salmonella enterica pathogenicity MeSH
- Salmonella paratyphi C pathogenicity MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH