• Keywords
• biochemické parametry, statické jaterní testy, dynamické testy, zobrazovací metody, neinvazivní metody,
• MeSH
• Alanine Transaminase analysis   diagnostic use   MeSH
• Aspartate Aminotransferases analysis   diagnostic use   MeSH
• Bilirubin analysis   diagnostic use   MeSH
• Blood Chemical Analysis methods   standards   utilization   MeSH
• Diagnostic Tests, Routine * MeSH
• Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
• Elasticity Imaging Techniques methods   utilization   MeSH
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular diagnosis   MeSH
• Biopsy, Needle utilization   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Liver Diseases * diagnosis   prevention & control   therapy   MeSH
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed MeSH
• Ultrasonography methods   utilization   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

Provedení výplachu žaludku po požití nadměrného množství léku/jedu – ano či ne? Jestliže ano, tak v jakých časových intervalech od požití? Na jedné straně stojí autoři, kteří zdůrazňují komplikace, kontraindikace a nízkou výtěžnost této procedury. Výplach žaludku doporučují provést do 30 až 60 minut po požití toxických dávek léku/jedu. Podle nich jeho pozdější provedení již zpravidla nemá význam. Na druhé straně stojí řada autorů, kteří se provedení výplachu žaludku nebrání i u pacienta, u kterého od začátku intoxikace uběhlo až 6 hodin. V některých případech, kdy požitá látka zpomaluje vyprazdňování žaludku, doporučují provést výplach až do 24 hodin po intoxikaci. Na základě našich zkušeností se kloníme ke druhé skupině autorů a jednoznačně podporujeme prodloužení časových intervalů, kdy se má výplach žaludku při intoxikaci provést.

Gastric lavage after ingestion of excessive amounts of a drug/poison – yes or no? If yes, at what time intervals from ingestion? On one side stand some authors who emphasize the complications, contraindications, and low yield of this procedure. These authors recommended that gastric lavage should be performed only within 30–60 minutes after ingestion of toxic doses of a drug/poison. Later lavage usually has no clinical benefit. On the other side stand some other authors who recommend gastric lavage in patients as late as 6 hours after intoxication. In some cases, when the ingested substance slows gastric emptying, they even recommend lavage until 24 hours after intoxication. Based on our experience, it is necessary to support strongly the second group of the authors and recommend the extension of the time interval when to perform gastric lavage in intoxication.

• MeSH
• Blood Chemical Analysis utilization   MeSH
• Fatal Outcome MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Metoprolol * poisoning   MeSH
• Alcohol Drinking MeSH
• Autopsy MeSH
• Practice Guidelines as Topic MeSH
• Toxicology MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Gastric Lavage * standards   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Publication type
• Case Reports MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

Cíl: Porovnat stanovení celkového bilirubinu metodou přímé spektrofotometrie v plné žilní krvi a metodou Jendrassik-Gróf v séru žilní krve u 437 novorozenců narozených v Krajské nemocnici T. Bati ve Zlíně (KNTB). Typ studie: retrospektivní průřezová. Metody: Přímá spektrofotometrie plné žilní krve na analyzátoru ABL 835 firmy Radiometer a spektrofotometrické stanovení v séru žilní krve metodou Jendrassik-Gróf na analyzátoru Architect firmy Abbott. Obě metody mají metrologickou návaznost měření na referenční materiál NIST SRM 916a. Výsledky: Medián (mezikvartilové rozpětí) sérového bilirubinu byl 228 μmol/l (186-263), medián (mezikvartilové rozpětí) bilirubinu v plné krvi byl 237 μmol/l (192-287). Wilcoxonův párový test prokázal mezi mediány statisticky významný rozdíl (p<0,0001). Blandův-Altmanův rozdílový graf a Passing Bablokova regrese ukazují, že především v oblasti koncentrací nad 280 μmol/l měří přímá spektrofotometrie celkového bilirubinu v plné žilní krvi vyšší výsledky než stanovení v séru žilní krve (p<0,0001). Závěr: Při koncentraci bilirubinu nad 280 μmol/l měří přímá spektrofotometrie v plné žilní krvi výrazně vyšší výsledky než stanovení v séru (p<0,0001). Hodnoty nad 280 μmol/l je tedy nutné potvrdit měřením v séru žilní krve v biochemické laboratoři.

Aim: The aim of the study is to compare determination of total bilirubin by direct spectrophotometric method in whole venous blood and by indirect Jendrassik-Gróf method in venous serum in 437 newborns born in Tomas Bata hospital in Zlin. Design: retrospective cross section design. Methods: Determination of total bilirubin by direct spectrophotometric method in whole venous blood was performed on Radiometer ABL 835 analyzer. Determination of total bilirubin in venous serum by indirect Jendrassik-Gróf was performed on Abbott Architect analyzer. Both methods are metrologically traceable to reference material NIST SRM 916a. Results: The median (interquartile range) of serum venous bilirubin was 228 μmol/L (186-263). The median of venous whole blood total bilirubin was 237 μmol/L (192-287). The significant difference between medians was found (p<0,0001). Bland- Altman plot and Passing-Bablok regression show that direct spectrophotometric method of whole venous blood gave higher results than Jendrassik-Gróf test in venous serum mainly in the concentration range above 280 μmol/l (p<0,0001). Conclusions: Direct spectrophotometric results of total bilirubin in whole venous blood in the concentration range above 280 umol/l should be confirmed by indirect serum determination in clinical biochemistry laboratory.

• MeSH
• Bilirubin * analysis   diagnostic use   blood   MeSH
• Blood Chemical Analysis methods   utilization   MeSH
• Hemolysis MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Jaundice, Neonatal * diagnosis   MeSH
• Cross-Sectional Studies MeSH
• Reference Standards MeSH
• Retrospective Studies MeSH
• Spectrophotometry * methods   instrumentation   utilization   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Publication type
• Comparative Study MeSH

• Keywords
• glukóza, i. v., nitrožilní, perorální,
• MeSH
• Blood Chemical Analysis classification   statistics & numerical data   utilization   MeSH
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 * physiopathology   prevention & control   MeSH
• Glucagon * secretion   adverse effects   MeSH
• Glucose * administration & dosage   metabolism   adverse effects   MeSH
• Evaluation Studies as Topic MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

• MeSH
• Urinalysis utilization   MeSH
• Anthropometry MeSH
• Blood Chemical Analysis utilization   MeSH
• Bulimia * blood   metabolism   urine   MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Blood Pressure MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Anorexia * blood   metabolism   urine   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

• Keywords
• Samsung Labgeo PT 10, Samsung Labgeo HC 10, projekt PRO 21,
• MeSH
• Acute Disease MeSH
• Blood Chemical Analysis * instrumentation   utilization   MeSH
• Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures * MeSH
• Diagnosis MeSH
• Quality of Health Care MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Pilot Projects * MeSH
• Preventive Medicine MeSH
• Primary Health Care * MeSH
• Publications MeSH
• Point-of-Care Systems * economics   classification   standards   organization & administration   trends   utilization   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

• Keywords
• výkon 02230, výkon 01445, výkon 01443,
• MeSH
• Blood Chemical Analysis economics   utilization   MeSH
• Education, Medical, Continuing MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Fee-for-Service Plans standards   utilization   legislation & jurisprudence   MeSH
• General Practitioners MeSH
• Quality Control MeSH
• Contracts MeSH
• Universal Health Insurance MeSH
• Point-of-Care Systems economics   standards   utilization   MeSH
• Legislation as Topic MeSH
• Legislation, Medical MeSH
• Equipment and Supplies MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

• MeSH
• Staining and Labeling methods   utilization   MeSH
• Blood Chemical Analysis methods   utilization   MeSH
• Cells cytology   chemistry   MeSH
• Clinical Laboratory Techniques methods   instrumentation   utilization   MeSH
• Bone Marrow physiology   chemistry   MeSH
• Automation, Laboratory methods   instrumentation   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Microscopy methods   instrumentation   utilization   MeSH
• Cerebrospinal Fluid cytology   chemistry   MeSH
• Computer Peripherals trends   utilization   MeSH
• Computers trends   utilization   MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH
• Body Fluids cytology   chemistry   MeSH
• Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care methods   utilization   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

• MeSH
• Agglutination Tests methods   utilization   MeSH
• Blood Group Antigens MeSH
• Blood Chemical Analysis methods   utilization   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Hematologic Tests methods   utilization   MeSH
• Immunoassay methods   utilization   MeSH
• Clinical Laboratory Techniques utilization   MeSH
• Blood Transfusion MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Publication type
• Abstracts MeSH
• Case Reports MeSH

Byly prověřeny možnosti ovlivnění dechové zkoušky na obsah alkoholu v kabině osobního automobilu po použití ostřikovače předního skla nemrznoucí směsí obsahující etanol. Dechové analyzátory při měření vždy vykazovaly alespoň v některém časovém úseku falešnou pozitivitu. Extrémní naměřené hodnoty byly 0,71 š a nejdelší doba přetrvávání positivity byla 13 minut od omytí skla. Bylo zjištěno, že v intervalu mezi 60ti vteřinami a 4 minutami od omytí skla je zkouška pozitivní zcela bez výjimky vždy.

In this test were verify the possibility of the influence of windshield washer fluid containing ethanol on an alcohol breath test. The premise was that anti-freeze washer fluids used in automobiles contain ethanol, and that the use of such fluids results in ethanol vapour permeating the automobile's cabin. Tests were carried out on individuals seated on the front seats of an enclosed automobile cabin. Five different types of anti-freeze washer fluids suited for temperatures between -19°C to -35°C commonly available at a range of different petrol station chains throughout the Czech Republic were used. In total 34 measurements were taken. Not even in one instance could a measurement of zero be obtained within 60 seconds to 4 minutes of the use of ethanol-based washer fluid. The longest positive test lasted for 13 minutes. The highest measured value was 0,71 š. Immediately after exiting the automobile and taking several breaths of fresh outside air tests were negative in all cases. All tests subjects described a clear odour of windscreen washer fluid in the cabin in all instances, which was evident even after breathalyzer tests showed zero values. It is hence verified that using ethanol-based windscreen washer fluid which is commonly accessible on our market to spray the windscreen can skew the results of breathalyzer tests in the sense of generating false positives. Due to the characteristic odour described, drivers should themselves be aware that any test undertaken could not be in his or her favour. To eliminate the apparent presence of alcohol, it is however enough to exit the cabin and to take several (2–3) breaths of fresh air to absolutely guarantee a fair test. A positive test at this stage points to a different underlying reason than ethanol-based windscreen washer fluid being used.

• Keywords
• alkohol, koncentrace alkoholu v krvi, koncentrace alkoholu v dechu,
• MeSH
• Blood Chemical Analysis methods   instrumentation   utilization   MeSH
• Diagnostic Errors MeSH
• Breath Tests methods   instrumentation   MeSH
• Ethanol isolation & purification   standards   adverse effects   MeSH
• Human Experimentation MeSH
• False Positive Reactions MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Police MeSH
• Automobile Driving standards   legislation & jurisprudence   MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH