This qualitative study examines the implementation of an empowerment approach in marginalised Roma communities from the perspective of social workers. Data from 11 semi-structured interviews were analyzed using selected analytical procedures of grounded theory, identifying the main categories: the socioeconomic background of clients (context), community needs and long-term goals (causal conditions), social support and external influences (intervening conditions), and educational projects and participation (strategic actions). The empowerment process leads to independence, sustainability, and improvement of the community environment (consequences). While social work at the micro and meso levels is crucial for the inclusion of the poorest residents of segregated Roma enclaves, significant achievements have not been made at the macro level, particularly in terms of political involvement and the fight against anti-Roma racism. The study also highlights systemic reliance on European structural funds and the lack of state support. Future research could map the perspectives and empowerment of emerging helping professionals.

• MeSH
• empowerment MeSH
• komunitní participační výzkum MeSH
• kvalitativní výzkum MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Romové * psychologie   MeSH
• sociální pracovníci * MeSH
• zdraví menšin MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika MeSH

This paper evaluates the first Recovery College in Slovakia, a revolutionary approach to mental health care based on the recovery concept. These colleges offer comprehensive educational programs led by individuals with personal and/or professional experience in mental health care. The main goal is to help individuals become experts in their own care; instead of prevalent paternalistic care of patients and clients who need to be told how to manage their mental health problems; it brings about a paradigm shift in the way people who experience mental illness are viewed. We used mixed research. We utilized the standardized Recovery Assessment Scale questionnaire (measuring the effect of courses on subjective recovery rates) and semi-structured interviews with staff and students of the first Recovery College in Slovakia. Interviews were focused on fulfilling the goals and principles of Recovery Colleges (Education, Co-production, Strengths-based approach, Progress and empowerment, Inclusion, Community focus and Person-centered approach). Both tools demonstrate positive changes in the lives of staff and students of the first Recovery College in Slovakia, especially when it comes to self-stigma reduction, the increase of self-responsibility, and recognizing personal strengths. The article provides a unique insight into the newly established Recovery College. It could serve as a source of inspiration.

• Klíčová slova
• Recovery College,
• MeSH
• duševní zdraví MeSH
• empowerment MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• obnova funkce * MeSH
• průzkumy zdravotní péče MeSH
• sebepojetí MeSH
• služby péče o duševní zdraví * organizace a řízení   MeSH
• vyrovnaná skupina MeSH
• vzdělávání pacientů jako téma metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika MeSH

Background: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) older adults experience long-term minority stress due to societal norms that lead to discrimination and stigma. The purpose of the research was to compare the differences in subjective psychological well-being among LGBTQ+ older adults according to their living environment. Methods: A purposive sample comprising 318 LGBTQ+ older adults was recruited for the quantitative survey. In the initial stage, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted. To examine the aim of the study, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed, followed by a post hoc analysis to identify any variations in the perception of well-being based on the living environment. Results: Significant differences in well-being among LGBTQ+ older adults across living environments were observed for three items (p < 0.05): WB1 - ... I feel cheerful and in good spirits, WB2 - ... I feel calm and relaxed and WB4 - ... I wake up feeling fresh and rested. With post hoc analysis, we showed statistically significant differences in the perception of subjective psychological well-being according to the three living environments. Conclusion: Our findings indicate significant variations in subjective psychological well-being among LGBTQ+ older adults across different residential settings in Slovenia. While these findings may not generalise to other settings, further research using larger samples and in other EU countries should explore the role of living environments on LGBTQ+ older adults' subjective psychological well-being.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• městské obyvatelstvo statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sexuální a genderové menšiny * psychologie   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• venkovské obyvatelstvo statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• životní prostředí * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovinsko MeSH

Background: Coordinated rehabilitation plays a crucial role in helping patients with acquired brain injury (ABI) to return to active lives. Cooperation between occupational therapists (OTs) and social workers (SWs) is very important during the hospital-to-home transition. Aim: The primary objective of the project was to map the coordinated rehabilitation of individuals after ABI within their social environment, aiming to help patients reclaim their lives despite the limitations of ABI. The purpose of this article is to identify and describe the impact of medical-social rehabilitation relative to interprofessional cooperation between OTs and SWs in the patient's home environment. The focus is on identifying the critical elements needed to maximize specialist collaboration. Methods: The research was designed as an experimental qualitative study with auxiliary quantitative indicators in 17 case studies. The study included semi-structured interviews. In addition, the FIM system® and WHODAS 2.0 were used to objectify patient status monitored over time in individual cases. Results: Five critical elements of cooperation were identified: (1) Quality of life, (2) Self-sufficiency, (3) Evaluation of the home, physical, and social environment, (4) Indication of aids, barrier-free modifications, and their financing, (5) Connection of health and social areas. After coordinated intervention, patients reported a gradual increase in their quality of life and self-sufficiency. The next continuity of rehabilitation services is very desirable, at least for maintaining the effect. Conclusion: Specialist cooperation prevents patients from getting lost in the complicated systems of health and social services. It maximizes access to and effectiveness of these services, including the availability of financial aid and psychological support.

• MeSH
• ergoterapie * metody   MeSH
• kazuistiky jako téma MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mezioborová komunikace MeSH
• samostatný způsob života výchova   MeSH
• sociální práce metody   MeSH
• traumatické poranění mozku * rehabilitace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• klinická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika MeSH

According to recent research, many family caregivers lack the necessary knowledge and skills to provide effective care for individuals who have survived a stroke. Interventions such as psychoeducational training have demonstrated the potential to enhance caregiver competence and patient outcomes. Utilizing virtual reality to deliver educational content to family caregivers represents a novel approach to addressing the challenges encountered by caregivers of post-stroke survivors. In a quasi-experimental study employing a one-group, pre-test and post-test design, we recruited a cohort of 30 family caregivers responsible for providing care to stroke survivors within their homes. The study sample was drawn from a hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia. Participating family caregivers of stroke survivors completed a four-week psychoeducational program, following which data on effectiveness and feasibility were collected. The findings revealed a statistically significant reduction in the DASS-42 score after the program (t = 31.22, p < 0.001), indicating that the psychoeducational program was perceived as beneficial for family caregivers of stroke patients. Subsequently, the next phase will involve the implementation of the psychoeducational program with a broader group of family caregivers of stroke survivors.

• Klíčová slova
• psychoedukace,
• MeSH
• cévní mozková příhoda ošetřování   MeSH
• duševní zdraví MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• osoby pečující o pacienty * psychologie   výchova   MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• rodina psychologie   MeSH
• virtuální realita * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Aim: The study aimed to assess the prevalence of birth trauma in postpartum women and to identify factors that may influence the development of birth trauma. Methods: The sample consisted of 238 women at 6-12 weeks postpartum. Data were collected using the City Birth Trauma Scale (CityBiTS), a standardized tool that identifies a woman's potentially traumatic experiences during or after her last childbirth. The questionnaire was supplemented with sociodemographic data. Results: Nearly 11% of participants experienced some form of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after childbirth. The most intense symptoms were those belonging to the hyperarousal subscale, especially feelings of nervousness, tension, irritability, and aggression. Statistically significant differences in the prevalence of birth trauma were found with regard to the presence of a birth support person (p = 0.044) and week of gestation at the time of delivery (p = 0.001). Differences related to participants' age, education, and type of delivery were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that participants only experienced birth trauma symptoms to a small extent. The CityBiTS is a useful tool for measuring postpartum trauma. Women identified as having some form of PTSD should be referred for further psychological testing and psychological care.

• MeSH
• hodnocení rizik metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• poporodní období psychologie   MeSH
• porod * psychologie   MeSH
• posttraumatická stresová porucha * diagnóza   epidemiologie   etiologie   MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

The cross-section measurement of Antimony (Sb) is pivotal to modify or stagnate the rate of neutron flux in nuclear reactors. Neutron induced reaction cross-section data for isotopes of Sb is meagre as per reported in EXFOR. A comprehensive attempt has been made to analyse the reaction cross-section of 121Sb and 123Sb at monoenergetic neutron energy of 14.96 ± 0.03 MeV. The experiment was performed at the Neutron and Ion Irradiation Facility, Institute for Plasma Research (IPR), Gujarat (India). The 27Al(n,α)24Na reaction is used to monitor the flux and to estimate the cross-section of (n,2n), (n,p) reactions using neutron activation technique. Monoenergetic neutrons generated by D-T fusion reaction were bombarded on the natural sample of Sb to induce radioactivity. A High Purity Germanium detector (HPGe) with a resolution of 2.1 keV at 1.33 MeV γ-ray energy of 60Co based on GENIE software was used for the counting of emitted gamma photo peaks. Calculated results are compared with the existing studies from EXFOR. The cross-section values are estimated using TALYS-2.0 statistical code by employing different input parameters, along with the latest Evaluated Nuclear data libraries (ENDF/B-VIII.0, JEFF-3.3). To obtain more precise data, uncertainties from various parameters are propagated using the correlation coefficients among all the parameters. This systematic detailed covariance analysis helps to reduce the present discrepancies and to refine the nuclear data.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The potentials of electrochemical processes in ideal aqueous media are related to the potential of a normal hydrogen electrode (NHE). However, in non-ideal media, the potentials of a metallocene redox couple are used as a reference. Such measurements with free metallocene in solution are complicated by adsorption and mass transport phenomena and solvation effects. Herein, a platinum electrode with an anchored ferrocene moiety (Pt,Fc) was used for cyclic voltammetric measurements of the potential of ferrocene/ferrocenium (Fc/Fc+) redox transformation in not only non-aqueous but, for the first time, aqueous solutions as well. This enabled us to eliminate the aforementioned problems associated with the application of free metallocene molecules in solution and, thus, to relate the midpoint potential (Epm) of the Fc/Fc+ redox couple to a NHE. After elimination of the liquid junction potential in an aqueous 0.1 M KCl solution at 25 °C, the average intraday Epm value obtained with freshly prepared Pt,Fc electrodes was found to be 0.312 ± 0.008 V versus the secondary Ag|AgCl electrode. The Pt,Fc electrode can be applied for the standardization of electrochemical measurements and investigation of solvation phenomena at interfaces in non-ideal media.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

UNLABELLED: Potassium chlorate has long been utilized as an excellent oxidizing agent in pyrotechnics and explosives. As mixtures of potassium chlorate and any type of combustible material can be explosive, there is a potential risk of misuse in homemade explosives. Unlike commercial explosives, homemade chlorate and oil mixtures do not have a constant composition, which limits their understanding. This study reports the effects of two types of oil (motor oil and cooking oil) and their ratios (ranging from 2.5% to 40.0% (w/w)) on the explosive properties of such mixtures. The impact sensitivity was highest at a motor oil ratio of 5%. The friction sensitivity increased with an increasing oil ratio, reaching a maximum at an oil ratio of ~22.5%, and was close to those of primary explosives. The motor oil mixtures exhibited higher sensitivity than the cooking oil mixtures at oil ratios of 25.0% or less. A 10% oil mixture, which was close to the ratio of oxygen balance equal to zero, detonated in weak confinement, such as a paper cylinder. The highest detonation velocities in a polypropylene tube were ~2 300 and 2 550 m/s at a 10% ratio of motor oil and cooking oil, respectively. The velocities of the metal case wall, measured by photonic Doppler velocimetry, reached ~1 100 m/s near the end of acceleration. These results show that homemade chlorate and oil mixtures are capable of detonation and quite sensitive over a wide range of oil ratios, with sufficient power to cause damage in the vicinity. KEY POINTS: Simple mixtures of potassium chlorate and oil can be used as a homemade explosives.Oil types and ratios considerably affect the sensitivity and detonation velocity.Mixtures are sufficiently potent to generate hazardous fragments.Long-term storage causes an internal oil gradient.Mixtures with wide-ranging oil ratios can have highly sensitive points.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Objectives: This study evaluates the test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability of the MyotonPRO for measuring Achilles tendon stiffness at two standardized sites over various time frames and settings. Methods: Eight healthy participants underwent assessments by three raters over six visits. Tendon stiffness was measured at proximal (mid-portion) and distal (insertional) regions of the Achilles tendon at various time frames (10-15 s, 10-15 min, 24 h, and 14 days apart). Measurements included participant repositioning and two activity stimuli (daily living and sport). Reliability was calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), its 95% confidence interval, coefficient of variation, standard error of measurement, and minimal detectable change. Results: Short-term reliability (10-15 min) was excellent, with an ICC of 0.956 (0.929-0.974). Between days reliability (24 h) was good, with an ICC of 0.889 (0.802-0.938). Between weeks reliability (2 weeks) was good with an ICC of 0.886 (0.811-0.931). Short-term reliability with the simulation of activity of daily living was good, with an ICC of 0.917 (0.875-0.945). Short-term reliability with the simulation of sport was good with an ICC of 0.933 (0.891-0.96). Between days reliability with the simulation of sport was good, with an ICC of 0.920 (0.859-0.955). Conclusions: When used in a standardized position, the MyotonPRO demonstrates reliable repeated measurements of Achilles tendon stiffness. This protocol provides a foundation for clinical research and rehabilitation by clarifying expected reliability across minutes, days, and weeks, thus aiding clinicians and researchers in monitoring tendon adaptations and making evidence-based decisions.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH