Dry process Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Dry eye is one of the most common eye diseases. Its etiopathogenesis is multifactorial, being closely linked to local and systemic diseases. The main cause of dry eye is pathological changes leading to instability of the tear film. Secondarily, these processes are reflected in changes in the surface of the eye. Genetic predisposition, age, gender, environmental impact as well as other factors, such as wearing contact lenses, eye pathologies, systemic diseases, hormonal influences, psychosomatic aspects, or the effects of some drugs, play a role in the development of dry eye. A patient with dry eye suffers from burning and cutting and transient visual disturbances, but some forms are associated with photophobia, pain, and, in the case of corneal damage, visual functions may be permanently impaired. Diagnosis is based on history, clinical examination and tests evaluating the amount of tear production or the stability of the tear film. Treatment is individual, optimally targeted according to etiology, but mostly symptomatic. It consists in a differentiated application of artificial tears of various compositions and various forms. In the case of complicated inflammatory course, it is possible to indicate the administration of local and systemic glucocorticoids, application of autologous serum, collagen plugs for punctal occlusion or the use of cyclosporine A and amniotic membrane.
Dry eye is one of the most common eye diseases. Its etiopathogenesis is multifactorial with close links to local and systemic diseases. The main cause of dry eye are pathological changes leading to instability of the tear film. Secondarily, these processes are reflected in changes to the surface of the eye. Genetic predisposition, age, gender, environmental impact, but also other factors such as wearing contact lenses, eye pathologies, systemic diseases, hormonal influences, psychosomatic aspects, the effects of some drugs, and more play the role in the development of dry eye. Patient with dry eye suffer with burning and cutting, transient visual disturbances, but some forms are associated with photophobia, pain, and visual functions may be permanently impaired by the cornea damage. Diagnosis is based on history, clinical examination and tests evaluating the amount of tears production or stability of the tear film. Treatment is individual, optimally targeted according to etiology, but mostly symptomatic. Lies in the differentiated application of artificial tears of different composition and different forms. During the course of inflammatory problematic is possible to indicate the aplication of local and systemic glucocorticoids, application of autologous serum, obturation lacrimal collagen closures or the use of cyclosporine A and amniotic membrane.
- MeSH
- katalogy léků jako téma MeSH
- klinický obraz nemoci MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- muciny MeSH
- oči anatomie a histologie MeSH
- oční roztoky klasifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- slzy fyziologie účinky léků MeSH
- syndromy suchého oka * diagnóza etiologie patofyziologie terapie MeSH
- zánět farmakoterapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: There is a continuing interest in finding effective methods for scar treatment. Dry needling is gaining popularity in physiotherapy and is defined by Western medicine as a type of acupuncture. The terms acupuncture and dry needling have been used interchangeably so we have focused on the efficacy of dry needling or acupuncture in scar treatment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic review was to determine the usefulness of dry needling or local acupuncture for scar treatment. In our search process, we used the terms 'acupuncture,' 'needling,' or 'dry needling' to identify all relevant scientific papers. We have focused on the practical aspects of local management of different scar types with dry needling or acupuncture. SEARCH STRATEGY: The search strategy included different combinations of the following keywords: 'scar', 'keloid', 'dry needling', 'needling', 'acupuncture', 'treatment', 'physical therapy'. This systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE (PubMed, EBSCOHost and Ovid), EMBASE (Elsevier), and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant publications from inception through October 2023. INCLUSION CRITERIA: The studies that investigated the effectiveness of dry needling or acupuncture for scar treatment were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS: The main extraction data items were: the needling technique; needle: diameter, length; needling locations; manual needling manipulation; number of sessions; settings; outcomes and results. RESULTS: As a result of a comprehensive search, 11 manuscripts were included in the systematic review, of which eight were case reports, two were randomized trials and one study concerned case series. Two case reports scored 2-4 out of 8 points on the JBI checklist, five studies scored 5-7, and one study scored 8 points. The methodological quality of the two clinical trials was rated as good or fair on the PEDro scale. The case series study scored 7 of 10 points on the JBI checklist. A meta-analysis was not possible as only two randomized trials, eight case reports, and one case series were eligible for review; also, scar assessment scales and pain severity scales were highly heterogeneous. CONCLUSIONS: The studies differed regarding the delivery of dry needling or local acupuncture for scar treatment. Differences included treatment frequency, duration, number of treatments, selection of needle insertion sites, number of needles used, angle of needle placement, and use of manual needling manipulation. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: INPLASY no. 202310058.
Dry eye disease (DED) is a complex multifactorial disease that affects an increasing number of patients worldwide. Close to 30% of the population has experienced dry eye (DE) symptoms and presented with some signs of the disease during their lifetime. The significant heterogeneity in the medical background of patients with DEs and in their sensitivity to symptoms renders a clear understanding of DED complicated. It has become evident over the past few years that DED results from an impairment of the ocular surface homeostasis. Hence, a holistic treatment approach that concomitantly addresses the different mechanisms that result in the destabilization of the tear film (TF) and the ocular surface would be appropriate. The goal of the present review is to compile the different types of scientific evidence (from in silico modeling to clinical trials) that help explain the mechanism of action of cationic emulsion (CE)-based eye drop technology for the treatment of both the signs and the symptoms of DED. These CE-based artificial tear (AT) eye drops designed to mimic, from a functional point of view, a healthy TF contribute to the restoration of a healthy ocular surface environment and TF that leads to a better management of DE patients. The CE-based AT eye drops help restore the ocular surface homeostasis in patients who have unstable TF or no tears.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- emulze chemie farmakologie MeSH
- homeostáza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- oči - fyziologické jevy účinky léků MeSH
- povrchové vlastnosti účinky léků MeSH
- slzy fyziologie MeSH
- syndromy suchého oka farmakoterapie MeSH
- zdraví dobrovolníci pro lékařské studie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- zvlhčující oční kapky aplikace a dávkování chemie terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Cílem této průřezové studie bylo zhodnotit výskyt syndromu suchého oka a rohovkových komplikací u pacientů s revmatoidní artritidou a posoudit jejich souvislost s polymorfismem 174 genu pro interleukin 6. Soubor tvořilo 123 pacientů léčených pro revmatoidní artritidu, z toho 20 mužů a 103 žen. Průměrný věk byl 53 let (± 13,6). Každý pacient podstoupil komplexní oftalmologické vyšetření se zaměřením na vyšetření množství slz. Přítomnost rohovkových komplikací byla zjištěna z anamnestických údajů a posouzena při vyšetření na štěrbinové lampě. U všech pacientů byl provedeno vyšetření polymorfismu -174 IL-6. Ke statistickému zpracování byl použit chí kvadrát (?2) pro nominální proměnné. Syndrom suchého oka (SSO) jsme zaznamenali u 98 pacientů (79,7 %), těžký syndrom suchého oka byl přítomný u 53 pacientů (43,1 %). Rohovkové komplikace se objevily u 9 pacientů (7,3 %). SSO byl přítomný u 32 pacientů s genotypem GG (91,4 %, n1 = 35), u 49 pacientů s genotypem CG (71,0 %, n2 = 69) a u 8 pacientů s genotypem CC (42,1 %, n3 = 19). Při statistickém zpracování jsme potvrdili souvislost mezi výskytem syndromu suchého oka a genotypem GG (?2 = 8,9) a souvislost mezi nižším výskytem syndromu suchého oka a přítomností genotypu CC (?2 = 10,3). Těžký syndrom suchého oka jsme prokázali u 18 pacientů s genotypem GG (51,4 %, n1 = 35), u 31 pacientů s genotypem CG (44,9 %, n2 = 69) a u 4 pacientů s genotypem CC (21,1%, n3 = 19). Prokázali jsme statisticky významnou souvislost mezi genotypem CC a méně častým výskytem těžkého syndromu suchého oka (?2’ = 4,45). Rohovkové komplikace jsme zaznamenali u jednoho pacienta s genotypem GG (2,8 %, n1 = 35), u 5 pacientů s genotypem CG (7,2 %, n2 = 69) a u 3 pacientů s genotypem CC (15,8 %, n3 = 19). Neprokázali jsme statisticky významnou souvislost mezi polymorfismem-174 IL-6 a výskytem rohovkových komplikací. Polymorfismus-174 IL-6 ovlivňuje výskyt syndromu suchého oka. U pacientů s genotypem GG polymorfismu-174 genu pro IL-6 je častější jeho výskyt. Pacienti s revmatoidní artritidou s genotypem CC polymorfismu-174 IL-6 mají nižší frekvenci výskytu syndromu suchého oka.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of the dry eye syndrome and corneal complications in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and to assess its association with the –174 gene polymorphism for interleukin 6. The group consisted of 123 patients treated for rheumatoid arthritis (20 men, 103 women); the mean age was 53 years (± 13.6). Every patient had completely ophthalmologic examination and special attention was paid to the amount of tears. The presence of corneal complications was detected in the medical history and evaluated during the slit lamp examination. In all patients the polymorphism-174 IL-6 examinations were performed. For the statistical data processing, the chi square (?2) test for nominal variable was used. The dry eye syndrome (DES) was found in 98 eyes (79.7 %), severe dry eye syndrome was detected in 53 patients (43.1 %). Corneal complications appeared in 9 patients (7.3 %). DES was present in 32 patients with the GG genotype (91.4 %, n1 = 35), in 49 patients with the CG genotype (71.0 %, n2 = 69), and in 8 patients with the CC genotype (42.1 %, n3 = 19). After the statistical evaluation we have found the association between the dry eye syndrome and the GG genotype (?2 = 8.9) and the association between less common dry eye syndrome appearance and the presence of the CC genotype (?2 = 10.3). Severe dry eye syndrome we proved in 18 patients with GG genotype (51.4 %, n1 = 35), in 31 patients with CG genotype (44.9 %, n2 = 69), and in 4 patients with CC genotype CC (21.1%, n3 = 19). We proved statistically significant association between CC genotype and less often appearance of the severe dry eye syndrome (?2 = 4.45). Corneal complications we noticed in one patient with GG genotype (2.8 %, n1 = 35), in 5 patients with CG genotype (7.2 %, n2 = 69), and in 3 patients with CC genotype (15.8 %, n3 = 19).We did not prove statistically significant association between the 174 IL –6 polymorphism and corneal complications appearance. The 174 IL-6 polymorphism influences the appearance of the dry eye syndrome. In patients with GG genotype of the -174 gene polymorphism for IL -6 is its appearance more common. Patients with the rheumatoid arthritis and with CC genotype of the - 174 gene IL-6 polymorphism have lower frequency of the dry eye syndrome presence.
Termínem „suchý nos“ („dry nose“) se označuje stav, kdy se v nosních dutinách tvoří krusty, někdy s hustým, na sliznici lpícím sekretem. Sliznice může podléhat atrofii v některých místech i metaplázii, zejména v předních partiích nosní přepážky. Pro léčbu těchto stavů se používají výplachy nosních dutin, zvlhčování sliznice, nebo aplikace mastí.Cílem je také zvýšení trofiky respirační sliznice a podpora regeneračních pochodů. Práce obsahuje posouzení přípravku rinopanteina nosní mast, která rozšiřuje vcelku omezený počet vhodných nosních mastí.
The term “dry nose” indicates a condition, where crusts are formed in nasal cavities sometimes with a dense secrete clinging to mucosa. The mucosa may become atrophic and in some areas metaplastic, especially in the frontal parts of nasal septum. These conditions are usually treated with lavage of nasal cavities, mucosa moisturizing or treatment with ointments. It is intended to improve the trophic processes of respiration mucosa and support regeneration processes. The article contains evaluation of the preparation Rinopanteina nasal ointment, which extended the generally limited number of suitable nasal ointments.
- Klíčová slova
- krustózní rinitis, medikamentózní rýma, ošetřování po FESS, nosní mast, rinopanteina,
- MeSH
- aplikace intranazální MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- endoskopie MeSH
- fytoterapie MeSH
- hodnocení léčiv statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- hojení ran účinky léků MeSH
- kyselina pantothenová analogy a deriváty aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- masti aplikace a dávkování farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nosní sliznice účinky léků MeSH
- oves MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- rostlinné přípravky aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- rýma farmakoterapie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- sinusitida farmakoterapie chirurgie MeSH
- vitamin A terapeutické užití MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- zvlhčující látky terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- MeSH
- analýza potravin MeSH
- fyziologie výživy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Suchá kůže, odborně xerosis cutis, také ale xeróza nebo asteatóza je běžný dermatologicko - kosmetický problém. Závisí na příčině a tíži projevů. Fyziologicky suchá kůže se vyskytuje u novorozenců, kojenců, batolat a starých lidí. Vliv na suchost kůže mají vnější faktory v rámci atopického ekzému, psoriázy či ichtyózy. Suchá kůže může být projev vnitřního onemocnění nebo následek užívání léků. Postihuje jedince různého věku, na různých částech těla. Příčinou mohou být exogenní a endogenní faktory i jejich kombinace. Podkladem změn je několik faktorů: faktory, které zasahují do integrity kožní bariéry, změny v korneální vrstvě, abnormality v keratinizaci, změny ve složení intercelulárních lipidů a změny v hydrolipidovém filmu, porucha metabolizmu vody a posun kožního pH. U všech typů xerózy se nachází problém v keratinizaci a v lipidovém metabolizmu. Odhaduje se, že suchou kůži různého stupně má 20-50 % populace.
Dry skin, also referred to as xerosis cutis, xerosis, or asteatosis, is a common dermatological-cosmetic problem. It depends on the cause and symptom severity. A physiologically dry skin occurs in newborns, infants, toddlers, and the elderly. Extrinsic factors related to atopic eczema, psoriasis, or ichthyosis have an effect on skin dryness. Dry skin may be a manifestation of internal disease or a result of medication use. It affects individuals of different ages at various parts of the body. The causes may be both exogenous and endogenous factors as well as their combination. Several factors underlie the changes: factors interfering with skin barrier integrity; changes in the corneal layer; abnormalities in keratinization; changes in the composition of intercellular lipids and changes in the hydrolipidic film; impaired water metabolism; and a shift in skin pH. In all types of xerosis, there is a problem in keratinization and lipid metabolism. Between 20 and 50 percent of the population are estimated to suffer from a varying degree of dry skin.
Collagen composite scaffolds have been used for a number of studies in tissue engineering. The hydration of such highly porous and hydrophilic structures may influence mechanical behaviour and porosity due to swelling. The differences in physical properties following hydration would represent a significant limiting factor for the seeding, growth and differentiation of cells in vitro and the overall applicability of such hydrophilic materials in vivo. Scaffolds based on collagen matrix, poly(DL-lactide) nanofibers, calcium phosphate particles and sodium hyaluronate with 8 different material compositions were characterised in the dry and hydrated states using X-ray microcomputed tomography, compression tests, hydraulic permeability measurement, degradation tests and infrared spectrometry. Hydration, simulating the conditions of cell seeding and cultivation up to 48 h and 576 h, was found to exert a minor effect on the morphological parameters and permeability. Conversely, hydration had a major statistically significant effect on the mechanical behaviour of all the tested scaffolds. The elastic modulus and compressive strength of all the scaffolds decreased by ~95%. The quantitative results provided confirm the importance of analysing scaffolds in the hydrated rather than the dry state since the former more precisely simulates the real environment for which such materials are designed.
- MeSH
- biokompatibilní materiály chemie MeSH
- fosforečnany vápenaté chemie MeSH
- kolagen chemie MeSH
- kyselina hyaluronová chemie MeSH
- mechanické jevy MeSH
- modul pružnosti MeSH
- pevnost v tlaku MeSH
- polyestery chemie MeSH
- poréznost MeSH
- rentgenová mikrotomografie MeSH
- testování materiálů MeSH
- tkáňové inženýrství metody MeSH
- tkáňové podpůrné struktury chemie MeSH
- voda chemie MeSH
- vysoušení * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Vivapur® je mikrokrystalická celulosa vyráběná německou firmou J. Rettenmeier & Söhne GmbH+Co. a typy Vivapur 102 a 12 mají prioritní využití jako suchá pojiva pro přímé lisování tablet. V této práci byla hodnocena pevnost tablet z těchto látek a její ovlivnění přídavkem mazadla stearanu horečnatého v souvislosti s jeho koncentrací a podmínkami mísícího procesu, konkrétně dobou a intenzitou míšení. Testované koncentrace stearanu byly 0,4 a 0,8 %, testované doby míšení 2,5; 5; 10 a 20 minut, intenzity míšení 17 a 34 ot./min. Citlivost suchých pojiv na přídavek stearanu byla hodnocena pomocí hodnot LSR („lubricant sensitivity ratio"). Výsledky prokázaly vyšší citlivost na přídavek mazadla u Vivapuru 12 než u Vivapuru 102. V první části práce zaměřené na vliv koncentrace stearanu na pevnost tablet byl Vivapur 102 porovnán také s Avicelem PH-102. Tablety ze samotného Vivapuru 102 byly pevnější než z AviceluPH-102. Koncentrace stearanu 0,8 % snížila výrazněji pojivovou kapacitu Vivapuru 102 než Avicelu PH-102. S prodlouženou dobou míšení a zvýšenou intenzitou míšení se stearanem klesala pevnost tablet z obou typů Vivapuru, prodloužená doba míšení měla výraznější vliv u Vivapuru 12 a zvýšená intenzita míšení u Vivapuru 102.
Vivapur® is microcrystalline cellulose manufactured by the German firm J. Rettenmeier & Söhne GmbH+Co. The types Vivapur 102 and 12 enjoy priority use as dry binders for direct tablet compression. The present paper evaluates tensile strength of tablets made from these substances and the effect of an addition of the lubricant magnesium stearate in connection with its concentration and the conditions of the process of mixing, particularly the period and intensity of mixing. The tested concentrations of stearate were 0.4 and 0.8 %, the tested periods of mixing being 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 minutes, intensities of mixing 17 and 34 rot./min. Sensitivity of dry binders to added stearate was evaluated by means of the LSR (lubricant sensitivity ratio) values. The results demonstrated higher sensitivity to an addition of the lubricant in Vivapur 12 than in Vivapur 102. In the first part of the paper focused on the effect of stearate concentration on tensile strength of tablets, Vivapur 102 was also compared with Avicel PH-102. Tablets from Vivapur 102 alone were stronger than those from Avicel PH-102. A concentration of stearate of 0.8 % decreased the binding capacity of Vivapur 102 more than that of Avicel PH-102. With a prolonged period of mixing and increased intensity of mixing with stearate, tensile strength of tablets from both Vivapur types was decresed, and a prolonged period of mixing exerted a more marked effect on Vivapur 12 and increased intensity of mixing, on Vivapur 102.
