• MeSH
• Abnormalities, Drug-Induced MeSH
• Alleles MeSH
• Cyclophosphamide toxicity   MeSH
• Rats MeSH
• Mutation MeSH
• Mutagens MeSH
• Syndrome MeSH
• Teratogens administration & dosage   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Rats MeSH
• Animals MeSH

• MeSH
• Research Support as Topic MeSH
• Hematopoietic Stem Cells cytology   MeSH
• Myocardial Infarction physiopathology   veterinary   MeSH
• Rabbits anatomy & histology   MeSH
• Disease Models, Animal MeSH
• Iron diagnostic use   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Rabbits anatomy & histology   MeSH
• Animals MeSH

• MeSH
• Antifungal Agents pharmacology   MeSH
• Models, Biological MeSH
• Drug Evaluation MeSH
• Clinical Trials as Topic MeSH

• Conspectus
• Farmacie. Farmakologie
• NML Fields
• farmacie a farmakologie

Many experiments were performed to obtain in vitro – in vivo correlations for different drugs and formulations. Most of the correlations involve orally administered medical forms and those with prolonged release of the drug. Most of the informative and recommendable in vitro – in vivo correlations are those at level A. If the correlation is not possible, a multiple correlation at level C is performed, then those at levels C and B and finally the correlation at level D. The drug dissolution data correlate well with those of drug absorption in the case of establishing the correlation at level A. Although many correlations at levels B and C were weak, good correlations could be also obtained. For immediate release preparations, correlation at level A is recommended. Correlations at level C are appropriate providing especially for preparations with immediate release of the drug, where it is difficult to establish a correlation at level A. Multiple correlations at level C are acceptable and comparable with those at level A IVIVC, but are not suitable for products with immediate release of the drug.

• Keywords
• in vitro - in vivo,
• MeSH
• Absorption MeSH
• Administration, Oral * MeSH
• Biopharmaceutics * classification   standards   MeSH
• Biological Availability MeSH
• Economics, Pharmaceutical trends   MeSH
• Pharmacokinetics * MeSH
• Drug Therapy trends   MeSH
• Drug Evaluation MeSH
• Pharmaceutical Preparations classification   metabolism   MeSH
• Delayed-Action Preparations * pharmacokinetics   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Metabolic Clearance Rate MeSH
• Solubility * MeSH
• Drug Approval MeSH
• Models, Statistical * MeSH
• In Vitro Techniques MeSH
• Therapeutic Equivalency MeSH
• Research MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

• MeSH
• Alcoholism immunology   MeSH
• Immunity, Cellular MeSH
• Ethanol MeSH
• Interferons MeSH
• Mice MeSH
• Virus Replication MeSH
• In Vitro Techniques MeSH
• Check Tag
• Mice MeSH

Sdělení shrnuje poznatky o antihyperlipidemickém účinku česneku, z něj připravených formulacíi jednotlivých komponent, které byly převážně získány v uplynulém desetiletí. Uvádí různé názorypodložené experimentálními výsledky na mechanizmy, prostřednictvím kterých se tento účinekrealizuje. Pokusy in vitro byly prováděny převážně na kulturách potkaních hepatocytů a bylprokázán inhibiční vliv na důležité enzymové aktivity působící v biosyntéze cholesterolu a mastnýchkyselin. In vivo byly nejčastějšímmodelemkrálíci. Antiaterogenní účinek se výrazně projevil redukcílipidových plaků v arteriích u hypercholesterolemických zvířat, snížením hromadění cholesteroluve stěně cév a dalšími pozitivními zásahy.

The paper summarizes the knowledge on the antihyperlipidemic effect of garlic, formulationsprepared from it, and the individual components, which were obtained prevalently in recent decade.It presents varying opinions based on experimental results concerning the mechanisms by meansof which the effect takes place. In vitro experiments were carried out mainly on the cultures of rathepatocytes and an inhibitory effect on important enzymic activities taking place in the biosynthesisof cholesterol and fatty acids was demonstrated. The most frequently employed in vivo models wererabbits. The antiatherogenic effect was markedly manifested by a reduction of lipid plaques in thearteries in hypercholesterolemic animals, decreased accumulation of cholesterol in vascular walls,and other positive interventions.

• Keywords
• KWAI, SAPEC, KYOLIC,
• MeSH
• Onions MeSH
• Cholesterol metabolism   MeSH
• Research Support as Topic MeSH
• Hepatocytes drug effects   MeSH
• Hypolipidemic Agents pharmacology   MeSH
• Rabbits MeSH
• Rats MeSH
• Models, Animal MeSH
• Plant Extracts pharmacology   chemistry   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Rabbits MeSH
• Rats MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH
• Comparative Study MeSH

• MeSH
• Biochemical Phenomena MeSH
• Histological Techniques utilization   MeSH
• Brain Ischemia physiopathology   MeSH
• Metabolism physiology   MeSH
• Disease Models, Animal MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH

Rectal resection with low anastomosis is still associated with high incidence of postoperative complications. One of the major complications is anastomotic leak. Early detection of dehiscence prior the development of systemic inflammatory response enables transanal repair using miniinvasive approach with NOTES (Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery) or TAMIS – (Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery) techniques and can lead to better functional results, reduction of morbidity, mortality and overall cost. The expected project outcome is evaluation of new methods suitable for anastomosis monitoring (microdialysis, mikroendoskopie) and to propose an algorithm of early anastomotic repair using transanal techniques. The project supports development of the new therapeutic methods based on models, use of miniinvasive surgical techniques with the aim to reduce potential complications and by adding of endoscopic approach supports the multidisciplinary cooperation.

Resekční výkony v oblasti rekta s nízkou střevní anastomózou jsou stále zatíženy vysokým procentem pooperačních komplikací, z nichž nejzávažnější je dehiscence anastomózy. Časná diagnostika dehiscence umožňující její ošetření pomocí miniinvazivních technik (NOTES - Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery, TAMIS - Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery) může zlepšit dlouhodobé funkční výsledky, snížit celkovou morbiditu a mortalitu této komplikace a tím redukovat i náklady na léčbu. Předpokládaným výsledkem projektu je zhodnocení nových metod monitorace střevní anastomózy (mikrodialýza, mikroendoskopie) a navržení funkčního algoritmu časného ošetření anastomotického leaku pomocí transanálních technik. Projekt podporuje rozvoj nových léčebných postupů na základě modelů, využití chirurgických mininvazivních technik s cílem snížení potencionálních komplikací. Zapojením endoskopie je podporována mezioborová spolupráce.

• MeSH
• Surgical Wound Dehiscence surgery   diagnosis   MeSH
• Intravital Microscopy MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures methods   MeSH
• Colonic Diseases surgery   complications   MeSH
• Anastomotic Leak surgery   diagnosis   MeSH
• Reproducibility of Results MeSH
• Models, Theoretical MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Evaluation Study MeSH

• Conspectus
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NML Fields
• gastroenterologie
• chirurgie
• NML Publication type
• závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu AZV MZ ČR

• MeSH
• Leukemia, Experimental drug therapy   MeSH
• Platinum drug therapy   MeSH

• MeSH
• Administration, Cutaneous MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• In Vitro Techniques MeSH
• Drug Administration Routes MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Animals MeSH