Level of isolation
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V Evropě i v České republice dnes významné a komplexní téma stárnutí společnosti má již kromě ekonomických také mnohem širší sociální souvislosti. Jedním z nejvýraznějších aspektů moderních stárnoucích společností, a tedy i České republiky, je problém věkové diskriminace – ageismu. Ageismus se stává po rasismu a sexismu hlavním tématem v diskusi o rovnosti práv a příležitostí. Tato nová forma systematické stereotypizace a diskriminace jedinců kvůli jejich, obvykle vyššímu věku nabývá řady forem a je specifická tím, že kdokoliv může být její potenciální obětí, neboť každý člověk stárne od dne svého narození. To dává zkoumání ageismu a sociální exkluze z důvodu věku dnes v Evropě nesmírnou důležitost. Je to proto, že ageismus jako komplex většinou negativních sociálních konstruktů spojených s vyšším věkem se objevuje stále častěji. Je evidentní, že vzbuzují negativní dopady na individuální, rodinné a společenské rovině, brání inkluzi starších občanů do všech sfér života společnosti. Bylo by vhodné eliminovat praktiky ageismu a dovolit seniorům realizovat jejich skutečný potenciál ve všech oblastech života. Jednou z cest, jak toho dosáhnout, je vědecký výzkum ageismu a diseminace poznatků, integrací různých disciplín se vztahem ke stárnutí, rozvojem národních, a především mezinárodních výzkumů, spolupráce v této oblasti s politiky, občanskou společností, neziskovými organizacemi, a zejména samotnými seniory. Stojíme tváří v tvář nové výzvě stárnoucího obyvatelstva Evropy. Nabízí se tedy podpora subjektů, které přijdou s inovativním řešením tohoto problému a které ho budou umět využít jako příležitost. Odpovídajícím způsobem zareagují na potřeby starších osob a umožní tak, aby se aktivní stáří stalo realitou – aby si starší lidé udrželi zdraví, nezávislost, aktivně se zapojovali do společnosti, protože i oni mají co předávat.
Ageism (i. e., the complex and often negative social construction of old age) is highly prevalent. There is unequivocal evidence concerning the negative consequences associated with ageism at the individual, familial, and societal levels. Faced with the challenges of an ageing population, we would like to encourage innovative solutions that transform this challenge into an opportunity by responding to the needs of older Europeans and making active ageing a reality, keeping older people healthy, independent, socially engaged and fulfilled as valued contributors to society. The European Union would like to launch this activity to tackle ageing-related issues, and thereby improve the well-being of the elderly, including high quality of life, fulfilment and social activities. The long term goal of this action is to challenge the practice of ageism and allow older people to realize their full potential. This will be achieved by enhancing scientific knowledge and attention to ageism, by bringing together and integrating the different disciplines of research, by developing national, multi-national and international collaborations with public policy officials, non-academic professionals, civil society NGOs and older persons, and by fostering a new generation of researchers. Expected deliverables include: a) the creation of a web-site; b) a depository database of scientific measures and evidence based interventions that target ageism; c) the facilitation of scientific Training Schools, Short Term Scientific Missions and conferences; and d) the dissemination of collaborative working papers, scientific reports, proceedings, academic publications, policy and recommendation papers and an edited book on ageism. In light of the changing demographics, the high prevalence of ageism, its complex social roots, broad consequences, and the limited research on the topic, this action is timely and has both practical and scientific significance.
- MeSH
- chudoba MeSH
- diskriminace na základě věku * MeSH
- doprava MeSH
- důchod ekonomika psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- sociální diskriminace MeSH
- sociální izolace * MeSH
- sociální percepce MeSH
- stárnutí MeSH
- statistika přirozeného pohybu MeSH
- veřejné mínění MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Evropa MeSH
Cíl: Charakteristika a identifikace 4 kmenů rodu Roseomonas izolovaných z urogenitálního traktu a krve v oblasti severní a jižní Moravy. Metodika: Identifikace byla provedena na základě morfologických a fenotypových vlastností a analýzy profilu metylesterů mastných kyselin. Vedle 36 konvenčních růstových testů byly fenotypové vlastnosti testovány komerčními sety NEFERMtest 24 (Pliva – Lachema, a. s., Brno) a API 20NE (bioMérieux, Marcy-L’Etoile). Analýza profilu mastných kyselin byla provedena metodou plynové chromatografie s využitím identifikačního systému Sherlock (MIDI, Inc., Newark). Počítačový program TNW verze 6,0 (Pliva – Lachema, a. s., Brno) byl použit při identifikaci pomocí NEFERMtestu 24 a konvenčních testů. Citiivost na antibiotika byla stanovena standardní diluční metodou. Výsledky: Morfologie buněk a kolonií, včetně neschopnosti absorbovat UV záření o dlouhé vlnové délce a neschopnost využívat metanol potvrdily zařazení izolátů do rodu Roseomonas. Na úroveň druhu, jako Roseomonas guardii, byly kmeny identifikovány programem TNW verze 6,0 a konvenčními růstovými testy spolu se systémem Sherlock. Složení testů v NEFERMtestu 24, jakož i falešně negativní výsledky v této soupravě u některých cukrů byly pravděpodobně příčinou neúspěšné identifikace pomocí tohoto setu. Neúspěšná byla rovněž identifikace na API 20NE, v jehož databázi nejsou druhy rodu Roseomonas zatím zařazeny. Kmeny byly ciúivé na gentamycin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin a trimetoprim/sulfamethoxazol, rezistentní k ampicilinu, ampicilin/sulbactamu, cefuroximu a ceftazidimu. Závěr: Izolace a identifikace R. guardii, jako pravděpodobně prvního druhu rodu Roseomonas v České republice, potvrdila literární informace o nejrozšířenějším druhu tohoto rodu, spojovaného s významnou roh potenciálního patogena u osob s přetrvávajícími zdravotními komplikacemi. Izoláty jsou uloženy v České sbírce mikroorganismů PřF MU Brno pod čísly CCM 4444, CCM 4828, CCM 4829 a CCM 4935.
Objective: Characteristics and and identification of 4 strains of the genus Roseomonas isolated from genitourinary tract and blood of patiens in North and South Moravia are presented. Methods: The identification was performed on the basis of morphologic and phenotypic features and of the analysis of the profile of methylesters of fatty acids. In addition to 36 conventional tests the phenotypic properties were tested by the commercial sets NEFERMtest24 (Pliva-Lachema, Brno) and API 20NE (bioMerieux, Marcy-L’Etoile). The analysis of the fatty acid profile was done by gas chromatogramy, using the identification systém Sherlock (MIDI, Inc., Newark). The komputer programme TNW V. 6.0 (Pliva-Lachema, Brno) was used for evaluation of the NEFERMtest24 and conventional test results. Sensitivity to antibiotics was determined by the standard dilution method. Results: The cell and colony morfology, tine inability of both absorbing the long-vawe UV hght and of utilizing metanol confirmed all isolates to belou to the genus Roseomonas. The identification on the species level as R. guardii was done by the programme TNW v. 6.0 and by conventional growth tests together with the systém Sherlock. The composition of the tests in NEFERMtest24 leading to false negative results with some carbohydrates were probably the cause of unsuccsessful identification with this commercial kit. The identification using API 20NE was unsuccessful, too, as in its diabase no member of the genus Roseomonas has been included so far. All strains were sensitive to gentamycin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, trimethiprim/sulphamethoxazole and resistant to ampicilin, ampicilin/sulbactam, cefuroxime and ceftazidime. Conclusions: The isolation and identification of Rosemonas guardii as probably the first species of the genus Roseomonas isolated in the Czech Republic confirmed this species to bet he most frequently isolated one of the genus Roseomonas as well as its important role as an opportunistic patogen in persons with underlying medici problems. The isolates were deposited in the Czech Collection of Microorganisms, Brno, CR (ID: CCM 4444, CCM 4828, CCM 4829, CCM 4935).
Introduction: The main objective of our research was to measure the impact on health of isolation and online education due to the Covid-19 pandemic, and particularly risk behaviours and mental health in adolescents with low socioeconomic status. Methods: We used an online questionnaire before (Q1) and after (Q2) the introduction of digital education, which was completed by a total of 212 Hungarian secondary school students. We measured the prevalence of risk behaviours and psychosomatic symptoms: subjective well-being, life satisfaction, self-esteem, sense of coherence, and changes in coping mechanisms among the students. Results: Stable smoking (p = 0.316), alcohol consumption habits (p = 0.573), and cannabis use (p = 0.607) did not change significantly between the two data sets. Psychosomatic symptoms (p = 0.111), life satisfaction (p = 0.727), self-esteem (p = 0.053) and sense of coherence (p = 0.602) also showed no significant change. However, there was an increase in the level of subjective well-being (p = 0.017) and in the proportion of those who used cognitive restructuring (p = 0.035) or problem-focused coping (p = 0.012) as coping mechanisms. Conclusion: Digital education had no negative impact on the health indicators of the students with low socioeconomic status. There were no significant changes in risk behaviours between the two surveys, while the students' mental health changed in a positive direction in several aspects.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * psychologie MeSH
- distanční studium MeSH
- duševní zdraví statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- korelace dat MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- nízký socioekonomický status MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- psychologie adolescentů MeSH
- psychosomatické poruchy epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- sociální izolace * psychologie MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- zdravotně rizikové chování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
Population divergence in geographic isolation is due to a combination of factors. Natural and sexual selection may be important in shaping patterns of population differentiation, a pattern referred to as 'isolation by adaptation' (IBA). IBA can be complementary to the well-known pattern of 'isolation by distance' (IBD), in which the divergence of closely related populations (via any evolutionary process) is associated with geographic isolation. The barn swallow Hirundo rustica complex comprises six closely related subspecies, where divergent sexual selection is associated with phenotypic differentiation among allopatric populations. To investigate the relative contributions of selection and geographic distance to genome-wide differentiation, we compared genotypic and phenotypic variation from 350 barn swallows sampled across eight populations (28 pairwise comparisons) from four different subspecies. We report a draft whole-genome sequence for H. rustica, to which we aligned a set of 9493 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Using statistical approaches to control for spatial autocorrelation of phenotypic variables and geographic distance, we find that divergence in traits related to migratory behaviour and sexual signalling, as well as geographic distance, together explain over 70% of genome-wide divergence among populations. Controlling for IBD, we find 42% of genomewide divergence is attributable to IBA through pairwise differences in traits related to migratory behaviour and sexual signalling alone. By (i) combining these results with prior studies of how selection shapes morphological differentiation and (ii) accounting for spatial autocorrelation, we infer that morphological adaptation plays a large role in shaping population-level differentiation in this group of closely related populations.
- MeSH
- biologická evoluce * MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- genom MeSH
- populační genetika * MeSH
- reprodukční izolace MeSH
- selekce (genetika) * MeSH
- vlaštovkovití genetika MeSH
- zeměpis MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Unlike the initial balloon ablation catheters that were designed to deliver ablation lesions within the pulmonary veins (PVs), the current balloon prototypes are fashioned to deliver lesions at the PV ostia. OBJECTIVE: Using electroanatomical mapping, this study evaluates the actual location of ablation lesions generated by cryo-based, laser-based, or ultrasound-based balloon catheters. METHODS: In a total of 14 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, PV isolation was performed using either a cryoballoon catheter (8 patients), laser catheter (4 patients) or ultrasound balloon catheter (2 patients). Patients underwent preprocedural computed tomographic/magnetic resonance imaging. An intracardiac ultrasound catheter was used to aid in positioning the balloon catheter at the PV ostium/antrum. In all patients, sinus rhythm bipolar voltage amplitude maps (using either CARTO with computed tomographic/magnetic resonance image integration or NavX mapping) were generated at baseline and after electrical PV isolation as confirmed by use of a circular mapping catheter. RESULTS: Electrical isolation was achieved in 100% of the PVs. Electroanatomical mapping revealed that after ablation with any of the 3 balloon catheters, the extent of isolation included the tubular portions of each PV to the level of the PV ostia. However, the PV antral portions were left largely unablated with all 3 balloon technologies. CONCLUSION: Using the current generation of balloon ablation catheters, electrical isolation occurs at the level of the PV ostia, but the antral regions are largely unablated.
- MeSH
- echokardiografie MeSH
- elektrofyziologické techniky kardiologické MeSH
- endoskopie MeSH
- fibrilace síní chirurgie MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- katetrizace MeSH
- katetrizační ablace metody MeSH
- kryoterapie MeSH
- laserová terapie metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
- počítačová rentgenová tomografie MeSH
- venae pulmonales MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
[4] s. : il. ; 21 cm
- MeSH
- chudoba prevence a kontrola MeSH
- sociální izolace MeSH
- Publikační typ
- letáky MeSH
- Konspekt
- Sociologie
- NLK Obory
- sociologie
AIMS: We studied the extent/area of electrical pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) after either pulsed field ablation (PFA) using a pentaspline catheter or thermal ablation technologies. METHODS AND RESULTS: In a clinical trial (NCT03714178), paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) patients underwent PVI with a multi-electrode pentaspline PFA catheter using a biphasic waveform, and after 75 days, detailed voltage maps were created during protocol-specified remapping studies. Comparative voltage mapping data were retrospectively collected from consecutive PAF patients who (i) underwent PVI using thermal energy, (ii) underwent reablation for recurrence, and (iii) had durably isolated PVs. The left and right PV antral isolation areas and non-ablated posterior wall were quantified. There were 20 patients with durable PVI in the PFA cohort, and 39 in the thermal ablation cohort [29 radiofrequency ablation (RFA), 6 cryoballoon, and 4 visually guided laser balloon]. Pulsed field ablation patients were younger with shorter follow-up. Left atrial diameter and ventricular systolic function were preserved in both cohorts. There was no significant difference between the PFA and thermal ablation cohorts in either the left- and right-sided PV isolation areas, or the non-ablated posterior wall area. The right superior PV isolation area was smaller with PFA than RFA, but this disappeared after propensity score matching. Notch-like normal voltage areas were seen at the posterior aspect of the carina in the balloon sub-cohort, but not the PFA or RFA cohorts. CONCLUSION: Catheter-based PVI with the pentaspline PFA catheter creates chronic PV antral isolation areas as encompassing as thermal energy ablation.
- MeSH
- fibrilace síní * diagnóza chirurgie MeSH
- katetrizační ablace * metody MeSH
- kryochirurgie MeSH
- laserová terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- radiofrekvenční ablace MeSH
- recidiva MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- venae pulmonales * chirurgie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinické zkoušky MeSH
Ošetřovatelská péče o pacienty po transplantaci kostní dřeně nebo periferních kmenových buněk je vysoce specializovaná péče, kterou zajišťují specializovaná hematoonkologická centra. Tato péče je poskytována nejen dospělým pacientům, ale i dětem. Zajistit imunokompromitovaným pacientům co nejvhodnější podmínky pro jejich léčbu. Aby byli co nejméně ohroženi infekcemi zvenčí a přitom byli co nejméně sociálně izolováni od rodiny, okolního světa. Míra reverzní – ochranné izolace je předmětem diskuzí odborníků na celém světě.
Nursing care of patients who have undergone transplantation of bone marrow or peripheral stem cells is highly specialized care provided by specialized haematological-oncology centres. This care is provided not only to adult patients, but also to children. To provide immunocompromised patients with the most suitable conditions for their treatment. To ensure that these patients are as little threatened by external infections as possible and that the level of their social isolation from their family and the surroundings is as low as possible. The level of reverse – protective isolation is a subject of discussions by specialists all over the world.
Metallothioneins (MTs) are involved in heavy metal detoxification in a wide range of living organisms. Currently, it is well known that MTs play substantial role in many pathophysiological processes, including carcinogenesis, and they can serve as diagnostic biomarkers. In order to increase the applicability of MT in cancer diagnostics, an easy-to-use and rapid method for its detection is required. Hence, the aim of this study was to develop a fully automated and high-throughput assay for the estimation of MT levels. Here, we report the optimal conditions for the isolation of MTs from rabbit liver and their characterization using MALDI-TOF MS. In addition, we described a two-step assay, which started with an isolation of the protein using functionalized paramagnetic particles and finished with their electrochemical analysis. The designed easy-to-use, cost-effective, error-free and fully automated procedure for the isolation of MT coupled with a simple analytical detection method can provide a prototype for the construction of a diagnostic instrument, which would be appropriate for the monitoring of carcinogenesis or MT-related chemoresistance of tumors.
- MeSH
- elektroforéza v polyakrylamidovém gelu metody MeSH
- gelová chromatografie metody MeSH
- játra chemie MeSH
- králíci MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- laboratorní automatizace MeSH
- magnetické nanočástice chemie MeSH
- metalothionein analýza izolace a purifikace MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- spektrometrie hmotnostní - ionizace laserem za účasti matrice metody MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- králíci MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH