Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) enables the simultaneous noninvasive acquisition of MR spectra from multiple spatial locations inside the brain. Although 1H-MRSI is increasingly used in the human brain, it is not yet widely applied in the preclinical setting, mostly because of difficulties specifically related to very small nominal voxel size in the rat brain and low concentration of brain metabolites, resulting in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this context, we implemented a free induction decay 1H-MRSI sequence (1H-FID-MRSI) in the rat brain at 14.1 T. We combined the advantages of 1H-FID-MRSI with the ultra-high magnetic field to achieve higher SNR, coverage, and spatial resolution in the rat brain and developed a custom dedicated processing pipeline with a graphical user interface for Bruker 1H-FID-MRSI: MRS4Brain toolbox. LCModel fit, using the simulated metabolite basis set and in vivo measured MM, provided reliable fits for the data at acquisition delays of 1.30 ms. The resulting Cramér-Rao lower bounds were sufficiently low (< 30%) for eight metabolites of interest (total creatine, N-acetylaspartate, N-acetylaspartate + N-acetylaspartylglutamate, total choline, glutamine, glutamate, myo-inositol, and taurine), leading to highly reproducible metabolic maps. Similar spectral quality and metabolic maps were obtained with one and two averages, with slightly better contrast and brain coverage due to increased SNR in the latter case. Furthermore, the obtained metabolic maps were accurate enough to confirm the previously known brain regional distribution of some metabolites. The acquisitions proved high reproducibility over time. We demonstrated that the increased SNR and spectral resolution at 14.1 T can be translated into high spatial resolution in 1H-FID-MRSI of the rat brain in 13 min using the sequence and processing pipeline described herein. High-resolution 1H-FID-MRSI at 14.1 T provided robust, reproducible, and high-quality metabolic mapping of brain metabolites with minimal technical limitations.

• MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• metabolom MeSH
• mozek * metabolismus   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• poměr signál - šum MeSH
• potkani Sprague-Dawley MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• protonová magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
• hipokampus metabolismus   účinky záření   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• kyselina asparagová analogy a deriváty   metabolismus   MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• nekróza MeSH
• radiochirurgie MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH

• MeSH
• finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
• Hallervordenův-Spatzův syndrom genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mutace MeSH
• neparametrická statistika MeSH
• železo metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The effects of aging, magnetic field and the voxel localization on measured concentrations of citrate (Cit), creatine (Cr), cholines (Cho) and polyamines (PA) in a healthy prostate were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 36 examinations at both 1.5T and 3T imagers of 52 healthy subjects aged 19-71 years were performed with PRESS 3D-CSI sequences (TE = 120 and 145 ms). Concentrations in laboratory units and their ratios to citrate were calculated using the LCModel technique. Absolute concentrations were also obtained after the application of correction coefficients. Statistical analysis was performed using a robust linear mixed effects model. RESULTS: Significant effects of aging, the magnetic field strength and the voxel position in central (CZ) or peripheral (PZ) zones on all measured metabolites were found. The concentrations (mmol/kg wet tissue) including prediction intervals in a range of 20-70 years were found: Cit: 7.9-17.2; Cho: 1.4-1.7; Cr: 2.8-2.5; PA (as spermine): 0.6-2.1 at 3T in CZ. In PZ, the concentrations were higher by about 10 % as compared to CZ. CONCLUSION: Increasing citrate and spermine concentrations with age are significant and correlate well with a recently described increase of zinc in the prostate. These findings should be considered in decision-making if the values obtained from a subject are in the range of control values.

• MeSH
• cholin chemie   MeSH
• citráty chemie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kreatinin chemie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie * MeSH
• magnetické pole MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• nádory prostaty diagnostické zobrazování   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• polyaminy chemie   MeSH
• prostata diagnostické zobrazování   metabolismus   MeSH
• rozhodování MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• spermin analýza   MeSH
• zinek analýza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Motivation: Whole genome expression profiling of large cohorts of different types of cancer led to the identification of distinct molecular subcategories (subtypes) that may partially explain the observed inter-tumoral heterogeneity. This is also the case of colorectal cancer (CRC) where several such categorizations have been proposed. Despite recent developments, the problem of subtype definition and recognition remains open, one of the causes being the intrinsic heterogeneity of each tumor, which is difficult to estimate from gene expression profiles. However, one of the observations of these studies indicates that there may be links between the dominant tumor morphology characteristics and the molecular subtypes. Benefiting from a large collection of CRC samples, comprising both gene expression and histopathology images, we investigated the possibility of building image-based classifiers able to predict the molecular subtypes. We employed deep convolutional neural networks for extracting local descriptors which were then used for constructing a dictionary-based representation of each tumor sample. A set of support vector machine classifiers were trained to solve different binary decision problems, their combined outputs being used to predict one of the five molecular subtypes. Results: A hierarchical decomposition of the multi-class problem was obtained with an overall accuracy of 0.84 (95%CI=0.79-0.88). The predictions from the image-based classifier showed significant prognostic value similar to their molecular counterparts. Contact: popovici@iba.muni.cz. Availability and Implementation: Source code used for the image analysis is freely available from https://github.com/higex/qpath . Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

• MeSH
• kolorektální nádory diagnóza   genetika   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery * MeSH
• neuronové sítě * MeSH
• počítačové zpracování obrazu metody   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů MeSH
• support vector machine MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

CONTEXT: High serum cholesterol is adversely associated with clinical and imaging disease progression outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS) and in clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), the earliest stage of MS. Low vitamin D levels are associated with an increased risk of disease progression. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the mechanisms mediating the adverse effects of cholesterol in CIS and to determine the role of the nexus between the vitamin D3 (D3) and cholesterol pathways. DESIGN: Multi-center, prospective, longitudinal prospective study. SETTING: University hospital multiple sclerosis centers. INTERVENTION: Serum samples were obtained prior to any treatment from study subjects. METHODS: Serum obtained prior to any treatment from 172 CIS patients enrolled in a multi-center, prospective, longitudinal study (119 females: 53 males, age: 28.1 ± SD 8.1 years) were analyzed for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein AI (ApoAI), ApoAII, ApoB, ApoE, and lipoprotein-a. Levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25(OH)D3), 1,25-dihydroxy D3, and 24,25-dihydroxy D3 were measured using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Greater levels of HDL-C biomarkers (e.g., HDL-C itself, ApoAI, ApoAII and paroxonase arylesterase activity) and LDL-C biomarkers (e.g., LDL-C itself, Apo B) were associated with greater 25(OH)D3. The effects of HDL-C biomarkers were stronger than those of LDL-C. Free cholesterol and cholesteryl ester levels were positively associated with higher 25(OH)D3 levels. Cholesterol palmitate was particularly potent. The nexus between the D3 and cholesterol pathways was proximal to, or in linkage disequilibrium with, 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase DHCR7 rs1790349, endothelial lipase LIPG rs4939883 and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 PCSK9 rs11206510. CONCLUSIONS: The associations between cholesterol biomarkers and vitamin D metabolite levels in CIS are consistent with the biochemical inter-dependence between the two pathways. Cholesterol biomarkers should be considered for inclusion as covariates when assessing vitamin D levels in CIS.

• MeSH
• cholesterol krev   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• HDL-cholesterol krev   MeSH
• LDL-cholesterol krev   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• roztroušená skleróza metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• syndrom MeSH
• vitamin D metabolismus   MeSH
• vitaminy metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Cíl. Posoudit možnosti diagnostiky karcinomu prostaty s využitím nových metod magnetické rezonance. Materiál a metoda. Retrospektivně byla hodnocena MR vyšetření malé pánve se zaměřením na prostatu provedené v období leden 2006 až únor 2008. U všech pacientů bylo do základního protokolu zařazeno difuzně vážené zobrazení, u části pacientů bylo provedeno navíc spektroskopické měření. Všechna vyšetření byla provedena na stroji 1,5 T s použitím body-matrix a spine-matrix cívky. Endorektální cívka nebyla používána. Výsledky. Ze 48 pacientů s karcinomem prostaty se u 25 pacientů (52,1 %) jednalo o T2 stadium, T3a stadium bylo u 8 pacientů (16,7 %), T3b u 11 pacientů (22,9 %) a u 4 pacientů šlo o pokročilý nález T4 stadium (8,3 %). Magnetická rezonance byla prováděna především s cílem upřesnění stagingu a pro plánování radioterapie, u několika pacientů bylo vyšetření provedeno s cílem primární detekce tumoru po předchozích několika negativních biopsiích. Závěr. Doplněním prostého MR zobrazování o DWI a MR spektroskopii dochází k rozšíření metody o informace týkající se buněčného metabolismu orgánu či tkáně.

Aim. To evaluate options of the prostate carcinoma diagnostics by means of using new Magnetic Resonance methods. Materials and method. The Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MR) of pelvis with a special focus on prostate performed between January 2006 and February 2008 was evaluated retrospectively. A diff usion- weighted imaging (DWI) was incorporated into the basic MR protocol with all patients. The MR spectroscopy was used with a few patients. All examinations were carried out by means of 1, 5 T MR system a with body-matrix and spine-matrix coil. An endorectal coil was not used. Results. Out of 48 patients diagnosed with prostate carcinoma, 25 patients (52.1%) were diagnosed with T2 stage, 8 patients (16.7%) with T3a stage and 11 patients (22.9%) with T3b stage. Four patients had advanced form of T4. The MR was carried out for the purpose of staging preciseness and radiotherapy planning. The MR examination was performed on several patients for primary tumour detection after a few previous negative biopsies.

• MeSH
• difuzní magnetická rezonance metody   přístrojové vybavení   využití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie metody   přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   přístrojové vybavení   využití   MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery krev   MeSH
• nádory prostaty komplikace   krev   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• prostatický specifický antigen krev   MeSH
• staging nádorů metody   využití   MeSH
• transrektální ultrazvuk o vysoké intenzitě metody   přístrojové vybavení   využití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH

Primární srdeční nádory jsou velmi vzácná onemocnění, nejčastější primární srdeční malignitou je angiosarkom. Navzdory četným pokrokům v diagnostice i léčbě je prognóza primárního srdečního angiosarkomu stále nepříznivá. Pro přežití pacientů je klíčová především včasná diagnóza. Multimodální zobrazení přispívá k rychlé diferenciální diagnostice nitrosrdečních útvarů. Předložený článek prezentuje fatální případ srdečního angiosarkomu u mladého muže se zvláštním důrazem na zobrazovací metody – kromě echokardiografie jsou použity také magnetická rezonance (MR) a pozitronová emisní tomografie v kombinaci s výpočetní tomografií (PET/CT). Literární přehled popisuje klinické charakteristiky srdečních angiosarkomů a také diagnostické a terapeutické možnosti.

Primary cardiac tumors are very rare diseases, wherein the most frequent primary malignant cardiac tumor is angiosarcoma. Despite the advances in diagnostics and therapy, prognosis of primary cardiac angiosarcoma is still poor. Timely diagnosis is a key requirement for the patients' survival. Multimodality imaging could contribute to brief differential diagnosis of cardiac masses. Our paper presents a fatal case of cardiac angiosarcoma in a young man with special focus to multimodality imaging possibilities, including, next to echocardiography, also MRI and PET-CT. Review of literature describes a clinical characteristics of the cardiac angiosarcoma and also diagnostics and therapeutics modalities.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• echokardiografie MeSH
• fatální výsledek MeSH
• fluorodeoxyglukosa F18 terapeutické užití   MeSH
• hemangiosarkom * diagnostické zobrazování   diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery MeSH
• nádory srdce diagnostické zobrazování   diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• počítačová rentgenová tomografie MeSH
• radiofarmaka terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) involves a huge number of spectra to be processed and analyzed. Several tools enabling MRSI data processing have been developed and widely used. However, the processing programs primarily focus on sophisticated spectra processing and offer limited support for the analysis of the calculated spectroscopic maps. In this paper the jSIPRO (java Spectroscopic Imaging PROcessing) program is presented, which is a java-based graphical interface enabling post-processing, viewing, analysis and result reporting of MRSI data. Interactive graphical processing as well as protocol controlled batch processing are available in jSIPRO. jSIPRO does not contain a built-in fitting program. Instead, it makes use of fitting programs from third parties and manages the data flows. Currently, automatic spectra processing using LCModel, TARQUIN and jMRUI programs are supported. Concentration and error values, fitted spectra, metabolite images and various parametric maps can be viewed for each calculated dataset. Metabolite images can be exported in the DICOM format either for archiving purposes or for the use in neurosurgery navigation systems.

• MeSH
• automatizované zpracování dat statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Fourierova analýza MeSH
• funkční zobrazování neurálních procesů statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• mozek metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• programovací jazyk MeSH
• software * MeSH
• zobrazování trojrozměrné MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Current biomedical research requires quantitative and qualitative studies of tissue metabolites. In this review, we discuss recent advances in multinuclear magnetic resonance (MR) technology that enhance biomedical research. The advances presented herein clearly show that MR is a diagnostic tool for the study of tumor tissue metabolism associated with changes in small molecule concentrations. Biomedical MR offers a non-invasive view of cancer cell metabolism by detection of resonance nuclei such as hydrogen-1, carbon-13, phosphorus-31 and fluorine-19. Due to current progress in MR technology, it is now possible to monitor changes in cancer cell metabolism before and after therapy. Our criteria for the selection of research papers for this review were focused on those that show progress in biomedicine achieved by using MR. Our review demonstrates that small molecule detection in cancer tissue by MR has advanced biomedical research allowing for significant improvements in tumor detection and treatment.

• MeSH
• biomedicínský výzkum metody   trendy   MeSH
• buňky cytologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• diagnostické zobrazování metody   trendy   využití   MeSH
• izotopy diagnostické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie metody   MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie * metody   trendy   využití   MeSH
• metabolomika metody   trendy   MeSH
• multimodální zobrazování * metody   trendy   využití   MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie * cytologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH