PC testing
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Autoři uvádějí své první zkušenosti s anální manometrií s použitím přístroje PC Polygraph firmy Synectics Medical. V práci se zabývají manometrickým vyšetřením 14 nemocných s ulcerózní kolitidou, z nichž 12 bylo operováno. U všech 12 pacientů byla provedena ileo-pouch-anální anastomóza. Manometricky byl zjištěn pooperační pokles klidových tlaků a částečně i tlaků při svalové kontrakci, stejně jako zkrácení zóny vysokého análního tlaku. Výsledné hodnoty však neměly vliv na kontinenci, kromě přechodného špinění, při frekvenci stolic 2 - 8. Anální manometrie je důležité objektivní vyšetření funkce svěračů, neboť umožňuje srovnání před a po léčebném výkonu. Je však nezbytná její kombinace s dalšími anorektálními fyziologickými testy jako endosonografií, EMG, defekografií atd.
The authors present their initial experience with anal manometry using a PC Polygraph of Synectics Medical Co. They discuss the manometrie examination of 14 patients with ulcerative colitis, inch 12 who were operated. In all 12 patients an ileo-pouch-anal anastomosis was made. By manometry a postoperative drop of pressures at rest was found and partly also of pressures during muscular contraction as well as shortening of the zone of high anal pressure. The resulting values, however, did not influence continence, except for temporary soiling, the frequency of bowel movements being 2-8. Anal manometry is an important objective examination of the sphincter function as it makes it possible to compare values before and after therapy. It must be however combined with other anorectal physiological tests such as endosonography , EMG, defaecography etc.
- MeSH
- histologie výchova MeSH
- počítačem řízená výuka metody trendy MeSH
- počítačové metodologie MeSH
- programovaná výuka jako téma * MeSH
- studium lékařství metody MeSH
- výuka - hodnocení * metody statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Large numbers of persons in most types of healthcare settings have palliative care needs that have considerable impact on their quality of life. Therefore, InterRAI, a multinational consortium of researchers, clinicians, and regulators that uses assessment systems to improve the care of elderly and disabled persons, designed a standardized assessment tool, the Resident Assessment Instrument for Palliative Care (RAI-PC). The RAI-PC can be used for both the design of individual care plans and for case mix and outcomes research. Some elements of this instrument are taken from the resident assessment instrument (RAI) mandated for use in all nursing homes in the United States and widely used throughout the world. The RAI-PC can be used alone or in counjunction with the other assessment tools designed by the InterRAI collaboration: the RAI for homecare (RAI-HC), for acute care (RAI-AC), and for mental health care (RAI-MH). The objective of this study was to field test and carry out reliability studies on the RAI-PC. After appropriate approvals were obtained, the RAI-PC instrument was field tested on 151 persons in three countries in more than five types of settings. Data obtained from 144 of these individuals were analyzed for reliability. The reliability of the instrument was very good, with about 50 percent of the questions having kappa values of 0.8 or higher, and the average kappa value for each of the eight domains ranging from 0.76 to 0.95. The 54 men and 95 women had a mean age of 79 years. Thirty-four percent of individuals suffered pain daily. Eighty percent tired easily; 52 percent were breathless on exertion; and 19 to 53 percent had one or more other symptoms, including change in sleep pattern, dry mouth, nausea and vomiting, anorexia, breathlessness at rest, constipation, and diarrhea. The number of symptoms an individual reported increased as the estimated time until death declined. The "clinician friendly" RAI-PC can be used in multiple sites of care to facilitate both care planning and case mix and outcomes research.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- geriatrické hodnocení * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- paliativní péče * MeSH
- plánování péče o pacienty * MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Spojené státy americké MeSH
- Švédsko MeSH
PURPOSE: Dual velocity encoding PC-MRI can produce spurious artifacts when using high ratios of velocity encoding values (VENCs), limiting its ability to generate high-quality images across a wide range of encoding velocities. This study aims to propose and compare dual-VENC correction methods for such artifacts. THEORY AND METHODS: Two denoising approaches based on spatiotemporal regularization are proposed and compared with a state-of-the-art method based on sign correction. Accuracy is assessed using simulated data from an aorta and brain aneurysm, as well as 8 two-dimensional (2D) PC-MRI ascending aorta datasets. Two temporal resolutions (30,60) ms and noise levels (9,12) dB are considered, with noise added to the complex magnetization. The error is evaluated with respect to the noise-free measurement in the synthetic case and to the unwrapped image without additional noise in the volunteer datasets. RESULTS: In all studied cases, the proposed methods are more accurate than the Sign Correction technique. Using simulated 2D+T data from the aorta (60 ms, 9 dB), the Dual-VENC (DV) error 0.82±0.07$$ 0.82\pm 0.07 $$ is reduced to: 0.66±0.04$$ 0.66\pm 0.04 $$ (Sign Correction); 0.34±0.04$$ 0.34\pm 0.04 $$ and 0.32±0.04$$ 0.32\pm 0.04 $$ (proposed techniques). The methods are found to be significantly different (p-value <0.05$$ <0.05 $$ ). Importantly, brain aneurysm data revealed that the Sign Correction method is not suitable, as it increases error when the flow is not unidirectional. All three methods improve the accuracy of in vivo data. CONCLUSION: The newly proposed methods outperform the Sign Correction method in improving dual-VENC PC-MRI images. Among them, the approach based on temporal differences has shown the highest accuracy.
- MeSH
- algoritmy * MeSH
- aorta * diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- artefakty * MeSH
- fantomy radiodiagnostické MeSH
- interpretace obrazu počítačem metody MeSH
- intrakraniální aneurysma diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie * metody MeSH
- mozek diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- počítačová simulace MeSH
- počítačové zpracování obrazu * metody MeSH
- poměr signál - šum * MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Circulating tumor cells (CTC) may reach multiple organ sites. However, CTC seeding and growth in distant organs is not random. Each metastatic site may contain a specific subpopulation of the original metastatic tumor capable of growing at that site. The fluorescent orthotopic prostate cancer model (PC-3-GFP) model was used for immunomagnetic capture of CTC. The captured CTC were efficiently cultivated in vitro. PC-3-GFP cells were also isolated from various metastatic sites, grown in vitro and examined under fluorescence microscopy. The differential morphology was compared of primary tumor cells, CTC and disseminated (DTC) from multiple metastatic sites, from nude mice with orthotopic PC-3-GFP. The cultured captured CTC and DTC from various organs have distinctive morphologies. Distinct cancer cell morphologies were observed at different metastatic sites as well as among CTC. The distinct morphologies were maintained during in vitro culture. The results demonstrate extensive tumor heterogeneity that could account for the widely different behavior of cancer cells in a single tumor. Further hetereogeneity testing would be a big promise for personalizing the cancer treatment in the future.
- MeSH
- fluorescenční mikroskopie MeSH
- imunomagnetická separace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myši nahé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- nádorové cirkulující buňky metabolismus patologie MeSH
- nádory prostaty metabolismus patologie MeSH
- orgánová specificita MeSH
- transplantace nádorů MeSH
- tvar buňky MeSH
- zelené fluorescenční proteiny biosyntéza MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
