Sdělení pojednává o PUFA OMEGA-3-vicenenasycených mastných kyselinách. Jsou důležité pro vývoj dítěte, mozku a retiny. Příznivě ovlivňují činnost mozku, proces učení a paměti, imunitní systém, působí protizánětlivě. Významný je i pozitivní vliv na kardiovaskulární systém a metabolizmus. Uvádím závěry klinických studií, které sledovaly působení PUFA OMEGA-3 na lidský organizmus. Haliborange jsou potravinové doplňky s rybím tukem, vysokým obsahem PUFA OMEGA-3 a vitaminy A, D, E a C. Sirup, rybičky a žvýkací tobolky s pomerančovou příchutí jsou určeny pro děti od 3 let.
This article deals with PUFA OMEGA-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. They are vital for a child's development, a development of brain and retina. They have a good influence on functioning of the brain, process of learning and on memory, immune system, act in an anti-inflammatory way. It is important that they have a positive influence on cardiovascular system and metabolism. I mention conclusions of the clinical studies which monitor the action of PUFA OMEGA-3 on human organism. Haliborange are food supplements with fish oil, a high PUFA OMEGA-3 content and with vitamins A, D, E and C. Orange-flavoured syrup, little fish and chewy capsules are suitable for children over 3 years.
- MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Cardiovascular System immunology metabolism drug effects MeSH
- Central Nervous System Agents therapeutic use MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Fatty Acids, Omega-3 physiology metabolism therapeutic use MeSH
- Cod Liver Oil administration & dosage metabolism therapeutic use MeSH
- Trans Fatty Acids physiology metabolism therapeutic use MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
Článek pojednává o PUFA omega-3 vicenenasycených mastných kyselinách, které jsou důležité pro vývoj dítěte, mozku a sítnice. Pozitivně ovlivňují činnost mozku, proces učení a paměti, imunitní systém, působí protizánětlivě. Významný je i jejich příznivý vliv na kardiovaskulární systém a metabolizmus.
This article deals with PUFA omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids that are vital for a child's development, a development of brain and retina. They have a good influence on functioning of the brain, process of learning and on memory, immune system, and act in an antiinflammatory way. Their positive influence on cardiovascular system and metabolism is also significant.
Excerpta medica. 1025, International congress series
XIII, 294 s. : grafy, obr., tab. ; 25 cm
- MeSH
- Central Nervous System chemistry MeSH
- Cardiovascular Diseases MeSH
- Neoplasms chemistry MeSH
- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated MeSH
- Publication type
- Congress MeSH
- Conspectus
- Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika
- NML Fields
- biochemie
- kardiologie
- vnitřní lékařství
- angiologie
Acylový zvyšok mastnej kyseliny je hlavnou štrukturálnou zložkou prakticky všetkých lipidov, čím predstavuje jednu zo základných funkčných skupín týchto molekúl. Mastné kyseliny (FAs) sa vzájomne líšia dĺžkou reťazca, počtom násobných väzieb a pozíciou násobnej väzby v reťazci. Podľa počtu násobných väzieb v polynenasýtenej FA (PUFAs) možno rozlíšiť mononenasýtené FAs (MUFAs) a polynenasýtené FAs (PUFAs). V živých bunkách predstavujú PUFAs dominantný substrát pre tvorbu biologicky aktívnych zlúčenín – oktadekanoidov, eikosanoidov a dokosanoidov – klasifikovaných ako oxylipíny alebo PUFAnoidy. Predložená prehľadová práca sa sústreďuje len na skupinu PUFAnoidov, ktorých biologické účinky zahŕňajú “pozitívny efekt” pre bunku. Skupina omega-3 PUFAnoidov pozostáva z lipoxínov, resolvínov a protektínov. Všetky tieto biologicky aktívne lipidy sú prednostne formované metabolickou cestou prostredníctvom LOX. Predstavujú časť bunkových mechanizmov, ktoré prispievajú k odstráneniu zápalových buniek a k obnove integrity tkanív. Nový prístup k protizápalovým modelom je orientovaný na duálnu COX/LOX-inhibíciu a stimuláciu tvorby ochranných eikosanoidov a dokosanoidov, a na ich dôležitý terapeutický potenciál pri riadení molekulárnych mechanizmov v rámci chronických zápalových procesov.
The fatty acyl structure represents the major lipid building block of practically all lipids and therefore is one of the most fundamental categories of these molecules. Fatty acids (FAs) differ particularly in their chain length, number of double bonds and position of the bonds in the chain. The number of double bonds in the unsaturated molecule of FA distinguishes monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs). In the living cell PUFAs represent the dominant substrates for the formation of biologically active compounds – octadecanoids, eicosanoids and docosanoids – classified as oxylipins or as PUFAnoids. The present review focuses only on the groups of PUFAnoids which biological activities comprise a “positive effect” for the cell. This group of omega-3 PUFAnoids consists of lipoxins, resolvins and protectins. All these biologically active lipids are formed mainly in the LOX-pathway. They are part of the cell mechanisms that contribute to the removal of inflammatory cells and restoration of tissue integrity. A new approach to an optimal anti-inflammatory model shows orientation to the dual COX/LOX-inhibition and the stimulation of the protective eicosanoids and docosanoids formation and its considerable therapeutic potential in managing of molecular mechanisms of chronic inflammatory processes.
- Keywords
- resolvins, protectins,
- MeSH
- Biological Transport, Active MeSH
- Chronic Disease drug therapy MeSH
- Pharmacokinetics MeSH
- Eicosanoids * therapeutic use MeSH
- Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors metabolism MeSH
- Lipoxygenase Inhibitors metabolism MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Lipoxins * metabolism MeSH
- Membrane Lipids MeSH
- Fatty Acids, Omega-3 metabolism MeSH
- Inflammation * drug therapy MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
Obesity adversely affects bone and fat metabolism in mice and humans. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) have been shown to improve glucose metabolism and bone homeostasis in obesity. However, the impact of omega-3 PUFAs on bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) and bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) metabolism has not been intensively studied yet. In the present study we demonstrated that omega-3 PUFA supplementation in high fat diet (HFD + F) improved bone parameters, mechanical properties along with decreased BMAT in obese mice when compared to the HFD group. Primary BMSCs isolated from HFD + F mice showed decreased adipocyte and higher osteoblast differentiation with lower senescent phenotype along with decreased osteoclast formation suggesting improved bone marrow microenvironment promoting bone formation in mice. Thus, our study highlights the beneficial effects of omega-3 PUFA-enriched diet on bone and cellular metabolism and its potential use in the treatment of metabolic bone diseases.
- MeSH
- Adiposity MeSH
- Bone and Bones metabolism MeSH
- Bone Marrow * metabolism MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Disease Models, Animal MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Obesity complications prevention & control metabolism MeSH
- Fatty Acids, Omega-3 * pharmacology metabolism MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
We found previously that white adipose tissue (WAT) hyperplasia in obese mice was limited by dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFA). Here we aimed to characterize the underlying mechanism. C57BL/6N mice were fed a high-fat diet supplemented or not with omega-3 PUFA for one week or eight weeks; mice fed a standard chow diet were also used. In epididymal WAT (eWAT), DNA content was quantified, immunohistochemical analysis was used to reveal the size of adipocytes and macrophage content, and lipidomic analysis and a gene expression screen were performed to assess inflammatory status. The stromal-vascular fraction of eWAT, which contained most of the eWAT cells, except for adipocytes, was characterized using flow cytometry. Omega-3 PUFA supplementation limited the high-fat diet-induced increase in eWAT weight, cell number (DNA content), inflammation, and adipocyte growth. eWAT hyperplasia was compromised due to the limited increase in the number of preadipocytes and a decrease in the number of endothelial cells. The number of leukocytes and macrophages was unaffected, but a shift in macrophage polarization towards a less inflammatory phenotype was observed. Our results document that the counteraction of eWAT hyperplasia by omega-3 PUFA in dietary-obese mice reflects an effect on the number of adipose lineage and endothelial cells.
- MeSH
- Adipose Tissue, White drug effects MeSH
- Diet, High-Fat MeSH
- Endothelial Cells drug effects MeSH
- Macrophages drug effects pathology MeSH
- Mice, Inbred C57BL MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Fatty Acids, Omega-3 administration & dosage MeSH
- Cell Proliferation drug effects MeSH
- Adipocytes cytology drug effects MeSH
- Inflammation pathology MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Male MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Increasing hemodynamic load during early postnatal development leads to rapid growth of the left ventricular (LV) myocardium, which is associated with membrane phospholipid (PL) remodeling characterized by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) accumulation. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of additional workload imposed early after birth when ventricular myocytes are still able to proliferate. Male Wistar rats were subjected to abdominal aortic constriction (AC) at postnatal day 2. Concentrations of PL and their fatty acid (FA) profiles in the LV were analyzed in AC, sham-operated (SO) and intact animals on postnatal days 2 (intact only), 5 and 10. AC resulted in LV enlargement by 22 % and 67 % at days 5 and 10, respectively, compared with age-matched SO littermates. Concentrations of phosphatidylcholine, cardiolipin, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine and sphingomyelin decreased in AC myocardium, albeit with different time course and extent. The main effect of AC on FA remodeling consisted in the accumulation of n-3 PUFA in PL. The most striking effect of AC on FA composition was observed in phosphatidylinositol and cardiolipin. We conclude that excess workload imposed by AC inhibited the normal postnatal increase of PL concentration while further potentiating the accumulation of n-3 PUFA as an adaptive response of the developing myocardium to accelerated growth.
- MeSH
- Aorta, Abdominal MeSH
- Phospholipids metabolism MeSH
- Hemodynamics MeSH
- Blood Pressure MeSH
- Rats MeSH
- Myocardium cytology metabolism MeSH
- Animals, Newborn MeSH
- Fatty Acids, Omega-3 metabolism MeSH
- Rats, Wistar MeSH
- Cell Proliferation MeSH
- Constriction, Pathologic MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Rats MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
