booster immunization
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Úvod: Nárůst incidence spalniček začátkem roku 2019 vedl k provedení řady preventivních opatření zaměřených zejména na zdravotníky. Cílem práce bylo vyhodnotit jak séroprevalenci protilátek proti spalničkám mezi zaměstnanci velké nemocnice, tak míru sérokonverze na pilotním vzorku přeočkovaných s ročním odstupem. Metodika: 3 027 zaměstnanců Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc podstoupilo nabídnuté vyšetření hladiny specifického imunoglobulinu G s následnou možností přeočkování v případě nedostatečné hladiny. Zhruba po roce od přeočkování bylo u vzorku 52 zaměstnanců provedeno stejné vyšetření. Výsledky: V celém souboru testovaných zaměstnanců s průměrným věkem 41,8 ± 9,2 let byla séropozitivita prokázána u 54,0 % osob s jednoznačně vyšším zastoupením, a současně vyššími absolutními hodnotami protilátkových titrů, u zaměstnanců narozených před zahájením pravidelné vakcinace (rok 1969). Možnost přeočkování využilo 80,9 % séronegativních. Ze znovu otestovaných zaměstnanců pak sérokonverze nastala u 73,2 %. Relativní zvýšení titru protilátek po přeočkování korelovalo středně silně s věkem (r = 0,47, p < 0,05). Závěr: Podíl séronegativních zaměstnanců velké nemocnice dosáhl 46,0 % s vyšším zastoupením u mladších jedinců. Sérokonverze nastala u 73,2 % přeočkovaných zaměstnanců v opětovně vyšetřeném pilotním souboru. Byla zaznamenána statisticky významná korelace mezi relativním nárůstem titru protilátek a věkem.
Introduction: The increase in measles cases in early 2019 led to the implementation of several preventive measures focused mainly on health care providers. The study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of measles antibodies among employees of a large hospital and, a year apart, the rate of seroconversion in a pilot sample of the revaccinated subjects. Methods: In 3027 employees of the University Hospital Olomouc, specific immunoglobulin G levels were tested on a voluntary basis. Those with insufficient levels were offered a booster dose. About approximately one year after the booster dose, the same test was performed in a sample of 52 employees. Results: Of the tested subjects with a mean age of 41.8 ± 9.2 years, 54.0% were seropositive. A higher proportion of seropositivity as well as higher absolute values of antibody titers were noted in those born before routine vaccination was introduced in 1969. A total of 80.9% of the seronegative subjects opted for a booster dose. Seroconversion occurred in 73.2% of retested subjects. The relative increase of post-booster antibody titers was moderately correlated with age (r = 0.47, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The proportion of seronegative employees of a large hospital reached 46.0%, being higher in younger individuals. Seroconversion occurred in 73.2% of booster dose recipients included in a pilot sample for reanalysis. A statistically significant correlation was noted between the relative increase of antibody titers and age.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- protilátky analýza MeSH
- sekundární imunizace MeSH
- séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
- sérokonverze MeSH
- spalničky * epidemiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
An evaluation of the relationship between predictors and immune response was conducted using data obtained from a clinical trial in 200 Czech healthy adults aged 24-65 years receiving a booster dose of a monovalent tetanus vaccine in 2017. The response was determined from ELISA antibody concentrations of paired sera obtained before and 4 weeks after the immunisation. While all subjects with initial antibody levels 2.2 IU/ml. The immune response was not affected by sex, age, tetanus vaccine type, concomitant medication, related adverse events or post-vaccination period since there were no significant differences in geometric mean concentrations or seroconversion rates. The seroconversion rate of 56% in smokers was significantly lower than that of 73% achieved in non-smokers. Although the seroconversion rates did not differ between individuals with normal or higher body weight, the adjusted odds ratio (1.3; 95% Cl 1.08-1.60) revealed a positive correlation between seroconversion rate and body mass index (BMI). Although the vaccine-induced response was influenced by pre-vaccination antibody levels, smoking or BMI, the booster immunisation against tetanus produced a sufficient response regardless the predictors.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- ELISA MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- protilátky bakteriální krev MeSH
- sekundární imunizace metody MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- tetanový toxoid aplikace a dávkování imunologie MeSH
- tetanus prevence a kontrola MeSH
- tvorba protilátek * MeSH
- zdraví dobrovolníci pro lékařské studie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Bordetella pertussis (Bp), the causative agent of pertussis, continues to circulate despite widespread vaccination programs. An important question is whether and how (sub)clinical infections shape immune memory to Bp, particularly in populations primed with acellular pertussis vaccines (aP). Here, we examine the prevalence of mucosal antibodies against non-vaccine antigens in aP-primed children and adolescents of the BERT study (NCT03697798), using antibody binding to a Bp mutant strain lacking aP antigens (Bp_mut). Our study identifies increased levels of mucosal IgG and IgA binding to Bp_mut in older aP-primed individuals, suggesting different Bp exposure between aP-primed birth cohorts, in line with pertussis disease incidence data. To examine whether Bp exposure influences vaccination responses, we measured mucosal antibody responses to aP booster vaccination as a secondary study outcome. Although booster vaccination induces significant increases in mucosal antibodies to Bp in both cohorts, the older age group that had higher baseline antibodies to Bp_ mut shows increased persistence of antibodies after vaccination.
- MeSH
- antigeny bakteriální MeSH
- Bordetella pertussis * genetika MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- pertuse * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- protilátky MeSH
- sekundární imunizace MeSH
- tvorba protilátek MeSH
- vakcinace MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: Transplacentally transferred antibodies induced by maternal pertussis vaccination interfere with infant immune responses to pertussis primary vaccination. We evaluated whether this interference remains in toddlers after booster vaccination. METHODS: In a prior phase IV, observer-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study (NCT02377349), pregnant women in Australia, Canada and Europe received intramuscular tetanus-reduced-antigen-content diphtheria-three-component acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap group) or placebo (control group) at 270/7-366/7 weeks' gestation, with crossover immunization postpartum. Their infants were primed (study NCT02422264) and boosted (at 11-18 months; current study NCT02853929) with diphtheria-tetanus-three-component acellular pertussis-hepatitis B virus-inactivated poliovirus/Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (DTaP-HepB-IPV/Hib) and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Immunogenicity before and after booster vaccination, and reactogenicity and safety of the booster were evaluated descriptively. RESULTS: 263 (Tdap group) and 277 (control group) toddlers received a DTaP-HepB-IPV/Hib booster. Pre-booster vaccination, observed geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) for the three pertussis antigens and diphtheria were 1.4-1.5-fold higher in controls than in the Tdap group. No differences were observed for the other DTaP-HepB-IPV/Hib antigens. One month post-booster vaccination, booster response rates for pertussis antigens were ≥ 92.1% and seroprotection rates for the other DTaP-HepB-IPV/Hib antigens were ≥ 99.2% in both groups (primary objective). Higher post-booster GMCs were observed in controls versus the Tdap group for anti-filamentous hemagglutinin (1.2-fold), anti-pertussis toxoid (1.5-fold) and anti-diphtheria (1.4-fold). GMCs for the other DTaP-HepB-IPV/Hib antigens were similar between groups. Serious adverse events were reported for three toddlers (controls, not vaccination-related). One death occurred pre-booster (Tdap group, not vaccination-related). CONCLUSIONS: As a consequence of interference of maternal pertussis antibodies with infant immune responses to pertussis primary vaccination, pertussis antibody concentrations were still lower in toddlers from Tdap-vaccinated mothers before DTaP-HepB-IPV/Hib booster vaccination. After the booster, antibody concentrations were lower for filamentous hemagglutinin and pertussis toxoid but not for pertactin. The clinical significance of this interference requires further evaluation. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02853929.
- MeSH
- difterie * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- hemofilové vakcíny * MeSH
- imunita MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kombinované vakcíny MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- pertuse * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- poliovirová vakcína inaktivovaná MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- protilátky bakteriální MeSH
- sekundární imunizace MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- tetanus * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- vakcína proti diftérii, tetanu a pertusi MeSH
- vakcína proti záškrtu, tetanu a černému kašli * MeSH
- vakcinace MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Austrálie MeSH
- Evropa MeSH
- Kanada MeSH
Long-term vaccination programs are recommended for individuals living in regions endemic for tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). Current recommendations suggest a first booster vaccine be administered 3 years after a conventional regimen or 12-18 months after a rapid regimen. However, the research supporting subsequent booster intervals is limited. The aim of this study was thus to evaluate the long-term persistence of TBE antibodies in adults and adolescents after a first booster dose with Encepur(®). A total of 323 subjects aged 15 years and over, who had received one of four different primary TBE vaccination series in a parent study, participated in this follow-up Phase IV trial. Immunogenicity and safety were assessed for up to five years after a first booster dose, which was administered three years after completion of the primary series. One subset of subjects was excluded from the booster vaccination since they had already received their booster prior to enrollment. For comparison, immune responses were still recorded for these subjects on Day 0 and on an annual basis until Year 5, but safety information was not collected. Following a booster vaccination, high antibody titers were recorded in all groups throughout the study. Neutralization test (NT) titers of ≥ 10 were noted in at least 94% of subjects at every time point post-booster (on Day 21 and through Years 1-5). These results demonstrated that a first booster vaccination following any primary immunization schedule results in high and long-lasting (>5 years) immune responses. These data lend support to the current belief that subsequent TBE booster intervals could be extended from the current recommendation. NCT00387634.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- klíšťová encefalitida prevence a kontrola MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- neutralizační testy MeSH
- očkovací schéma MeSH
- protilátky virové krev MeSH
- sekundární imunizace * MeSH
- virové vakcíny terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinické zkoušky, fáze IV MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Systém očkování v České republice má dlouholetou tradici. Nové poznatky jsou průběžně aplikovány a ovlivňují zejména pediatrickou praxi, ale promítají se i do preventivních programů praktických lékařů pro dospělé. Aktuální změna imunizačního kalendáře zavádí adolescentní posilovací dávku proti pertusi, posunuje přeočkování proti tetanu a ruší další dávky BCG nad rámec základního schématu. Letos bude zavedena v plošném, ale nepovinném režimu konjugovaná vakcína proti pneumokokům. Zavádění dalších nových vakcín je limitováno zejména ekonomickými aspekty. Kromě vakcín proti infekčním chorobám se postupně objevují i vakcíny protinádorové, proti kouření a další.
System of immunization has a long tradition in the Czech Republic. New knowledge is step by step applied and influences particularly paediatric practice, however is projected into new preventive programmes of general practitioners for adults, too. Actual change of immunization calendar introduces the adolescent booster dose against pertussis, moves booster against tetanus and abolishes additional BCG doses beyond the scope of basic schedule. A conjugated pneumococcal vaccine will be introduced in mass, but not obligatory regimen since the next year. Implementation of the next new vaccines is limited particularly with economic aspects. Beside of vaccines against infectious diseases appear gradually anti-cancer, anti-smoke vaccines and others.
- MeSH
- BCG vakcína aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- encefalitida prevence a kontrola MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- očkovací programy metody trendy využití MeSH
- pertusová vakcína aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- pneumokokové vakcíny aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- rodinní lékaři trendy využití MeSH
- služby preventivní péče metody trendy využití MeSH
- vakcína proti diftérii a tetanu aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- vakcinace metody trendy využití MeSH
- vakcíny proti chřipce aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- vakcíny proti papilomavirům aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- sekundární imunizace MeSH
- vakcíny proti COVID-19 * aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- úvodníky MeSH
BACKGROUND: Although both the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) and the 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D-conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) are widely used, it is unclear how interchangeable they are in terms of immunogenicity. METHODS: Two phase 3, open-label, multicenter studies were conducted to assess the immunogenicity and safety of a booster dose of PCV13 in children primed with PHiD-CV or PCV13. In the Czech Republic, 12-15-month-old children received a PCV13 booster after 3-dose priming with either PHiD-CV or PCV13. In Slovakia, 11-12-month-old children received PCV13 following 2-dose priming with either PHiD-CV or PCV13. Serum IgG concentrations were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and functional antibodies were assessed by opsonophagocytic assay (OPA) before the booster and at 1 and 12months afterward. The primary objective of these studies was to assess non-inferiority of OPA titers for serotype 19A in PHiD-CV-primed subjects compared to those in PCV13-primed children 1month post-booster. RESULTS: A total of 98 subjects in the Czech Republic and 89 subjects in Slovakia were included. One month after the PCV13 booster dose, the IgG and OPA immune responses to serotype 19A in subjects primed with 2 or 3 doses of PHiD-CV were non-inferior to those in subjects primed with PCV13. Non-inferior and persistent immune responses to most other vaccine serotypes were also observed after the PCV13 booster in PHiD-CV-primed subjects. No safety issues were raised in either study. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, robust IgG and OPA immunological responses were observed after booster vaccination with PCV13 in children primed with 2 or 3 doses of PHiD-CV or PCV13, including for serotypes not included in PHiD-CV. These results suggest that these vaccines are interchangeable in terms of safety and immunogenicity and that PCV13 can be used as a booster in the context of mixed schedules. (EudraCT numbers: 2012-005366-35 and 2012-005367-27).
- MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- pneumokokové infekce imunologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- pneumokokové vakcíny imunologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- protilátky bakteriální imunologie MeSH
- sekundární imunizace metody MeSH
- séroskupina MeSH
- vakcíny konjugované imunologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinické zkoušky, fáze III MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
BACKGROUND: A serogroup B meningococcal vaccine (4CMenB) is licensed for infant use in countries including Canada, Australia and those of the European Union. Data on serum bactericidal antibody (hSBA) waning and the ideal timing of a "toddler" booster dose are essential to optimize vaccine utilization. METHODS: An open-labeled, multicenter phase-2b follow-on European study conducted from 2009 to 2012. Participants previously receiving 4CMenB with routine vaccines at 2, 4 and 6 or 2, 3 and 4 months (246Con and 234Con) or at 2, 4 and 6 months intercalated with routine vaccines (246Int) received a booster dose at 12, 18 or 24 months. 4CMenB-naïve "Control" participants aged 12, 18 or 24 months received 2 doses of 4CMenB 2 months apart. RESULTS: One thousand five hundred eighty-eight participants were recruited. At 12 months, before any booster doses, the proportions with hSBA titers ≥1:5 for strain 44/76-SL (testing vaccine component fHBP) were 73% (120/165) for the "246Con" group, 85% (125/147) for "246Int," 57% (51/90) for "234Con" and 13% (26/199) for Controls. For strain 5/99 (NadA) proportions were ≥96% (all 4CMenB-recipients) and 1% (Controls). For strain NZ98/254 (PorA), these were 18-35% (4CMenB-recipients) and 1% (Controls). By 24 months, 4CMenB-recipient proportions were 13-22% (44/76-SL), 82-94% (5/99) and 7-13% (NZ98/254) and in controls ≤4%. After a 12-month booster-dose, ≥95% of previously immunized participants had titers ≥1:5 (all strains). CONCLUSIONS: A 4CMenB booster-dose can overcome waning hSBA titers after early-infant immunization. Administration at 12 months could help to maintain immunity during an age of high risk, and the persistence of this response requires further study.
- MeSH
- hodnocení výsledků zdravotní péče MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- meningokoková meningitida prevence a kontrola MeSH
- meningokokové vakcíny aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky imunologie MeSH
- Neisseria meningitidis séroskupiny B imunologie MeSH
- očkovací schéma MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- protilátky bakteriální krev imunologie MeSH
- sekundární imunizace * MeSH
- vakcinace MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinické zkoušky, fáze II MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH