protective group
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xiv, 53 strany : ilustrace, tabulky ; 24 cm
- MeSH
- bezpečnostní opatření MeSH
- infekce viry z čeledi Filoviridae prevence a kontrola MeSH
- ochranné prostředky MeSH
- přenos infekce z pacienta na zdravotnického pracovníka prevence a kontrola MeSH
- virus Ebola patogenita MeSH
- virus Marburg patogenita MeSH
- zdravotničtí pracovníci MeSH
- Publikační typ
- směrnice MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- infekční lékařství
- pracovní lékařství
- NLK Publikační typ
- publikace WHO
[1st ed.] II, 81 s. 30 cm
Osoby s pozitivním Rh faktorem jsou více chráněny vůči patogenním vlivům zevního prostředí včetně poruch navozených latentní infekcí Toxoplasma gondii, stárnutím a patrně i únavou. Studie se zaměřila na podíl Rh faktoru na modifikaci klinického obrazu schizofrenie. V populaci 186 schizofrenních pacientů, účastníků denního stacionáře, jsme zjištiovali, zda RhD fenotyp ovlivňuje klinický obraz onemocnění u pacientu se schizofrenií vyšetřených na sérologickou přítomnost toxoplazmové infekce. Zjistili jsme, že RhD fenotyp vykazoval signifikantní vliv na obraz onemocnění u schizofrenních pacientů, zejména u žen. RhD-negativní ženy vykazovaly více pozitivních příznaků schizofrenie a větší míru zkreslení reality v PANSS škále než RhD-pozitivní ženy. U mužů ovlivňoval RhD fenotyp průběh onemocnění podstatně méně a obvykle opač¬ ným způsobem než u žen. Délka hospitalizace v počtu dní byla signifikantně delší u RhD-negativních žen oproti RhD-pozitivním ženám a byly jim ordinovány i vyšší dávky antipsychotik. Efekt RhD fenotypu na průběh schizofrenie nesouvisel s obdobným, již dříve popsaným efektem toxoplasmózy, tj. uplatňoval se jak u infikovaných, tak neinfikovaných pacientů. RhD-pozitivní fenotyp můžeme považovat za nadějný protektivní faktor zmírňující klinické projevy schizofrenie.
Rh-positive factor subjects are better protected against pathogenic environmental factors including impairment associated with latent infec- tion of Toxoplasma gondii , aging and possibly also tiredness. Our study was focused on contribution of Rh factor to schizophrenia clinical picture modification. In the population of 186 schizophrenia patients who attended day-treatment structured programme we investigated w hether RhD phenotype has any clinical impact on clinical manifestation of schizophrenia patients who were tested for seropositivity to Toxoplasma infection. We found out that RhD phenotype was linked with significant impact on clinical presentation in schizophrenia patients es pecially in women. RhD-negative women showed more severe positive symptoms of schizophrenia and more pronounced reality distorsion dimension in PANSS scale in comparison to RhD-positive women. The course of the illness was substantially less influenced by RhD phenotype in men. Length of hospi- tal stay measured by number of days was significantly incr eased in RhD-negative women and they we re prescribed also high er dose s of anti-psychotics. The effect of RhD phenotype was independent on similar, already described, effect of toxoplasma infection, as it was o bserved both in Toxoplasma -infected and Toxoplasma -free patients. RhD-positive phenotype can be considered as a promising protective factor moderating cli- nical picture of schizophrenia.
- Klíčová slova
- protektivní faktory, latentní toxoplazmóza,
- MeSH
- antipsychotika terapeutické užití MeSH
- délka pobytu MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- hospitalizovaní pacienti statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- krevní skupiny - systém Rh-Hr genetika imunologie krev MeSH
- latence viru MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- psychiatrické posuzovací škály MeSH
- schizofrenie krev parazitologie MeSH
- sexuální faktory MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- toxoplazmóza diagnóza imunologie parazitologie MeSH
- věk při počátku nemoci MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
BACKGROUND: The parasite Toxoplasma gondii influences the behaviour of infected animals and probably also personality of infected humans. Subjects with a Rhesus-positive blood group are protected against certain behavioural effects associated with Toxoplasma infection, including the deterioration of reaction times and personality factor shift. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here, we searched for differences in the toxoplasmosis-associated effects between RhD-positive and RhD-negative subjects by testing 502 soldiers with two personality tests and two intelligence tests. The infected subjects expressed lower levels of all potentially pathognomic factors measured with the N-70 questionnaire and in neurasthenia measured with NEO-PI-R. The RhD-positive, Toxoplasma-infected subjects expressed lower while RhD-negative, Toxoplasma-infected subjects expressed higher intelligence than their Toxoplasma-free peers. The observed Toxoplasma-associated differences were always larger in RhD-negative than in RhD-positive subjects. CONCLUSIONS: RhD phenotype plays an important role in the strength and direction of association between latent toxoplasmosis and not only psychomotor performance, but also personality and intelligence.
Cancer chemoprevention is defined as the use of natural, synthetic or biological chemical agents to reverse, suppress or prevent carcinogenic progression of invasive cancer. Carcinogenesis is a complex multi-step process; therefore, it is necessary to attack cell proliferation, stimulate apoptosis and inhibit angiogenesis. There have been more than 60 randomised trials using chemopreventive potential agents. The success of several recent clinical trials in preventing cancer in high-risk populations suggests that chemoprevention is a rational and appealing strategy. In this review, we describe the conceptual basis for the chemoprevention of cancer, proven concepts of efficiency and current trends in the use of chemopreventive agents according to place and mechanism of action. We classify chemopreventive substances into seven groups based on their chemical structure and their effects, namely, deltanoids (paracalcitriol), retinoids (13-cis retinoic acid), non-steroidal anti-rheumatics (Deguelin), antiestrogens (genistein), polyphenols (curcumin), sulphur containing compounds (sulforaphane) and terpenes (lycopene). Chemoprevention is one of several promising strategies for reducing the incidence of malignant tumours or helping to prolong the time before recurrence.
- MeSH
- biologické přípravky farmakologie MeSH
- kalcitriol farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- modulátory estrogenních receptorů farmakologie MeSH
- nádory prevence a kontrola MeSH
- ochranné látky farmakologie MeSH
- polyfenoly farmakologie MeSH
- retinoidy farmakologie MeSH
- rotenon analogy a deriváty farmakologie MeSH
- sloučeniny síry farmakologie MeSH
- terpeny farmakologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Aortic valve stenosis is characterized by inflammation and extracellular matrix remodelling. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of mast cells on the occurrence of histopathological changes of aortic valves in patients with severe grade, non-rheumatic degenerative aortic valve stenosis. Valve specimens were obtained from 38 patients undergoing valve replacement. The role of mast cells was analysed by dividing the specimens into two groups, characterized by the presence (group A, N = 13) or absence of mast cells (group B, N = 25). There were no significant differences in clinical data between the two groups. In group A, T cells and macrophages were present in all aortic valves, as compared to a significantly lower proportion of valves with T cells and macrophages in group B. Valves in group A were less often calcified and hyaline-degenerated than valves in group B. There were no changes in fibrosis between the two groups. We found a positive correlation between the presence of mast cells and macrophages/T cells, a negative correlation between the presence of mast cells and calcification/ hyaline degeneration, and no correlation between the presence of mast cells and fibrosis. There was also a negative correlation between the presence of macrophages/T cells and calcification. The linear regression model identified only the presence of mast cells as an independent negative prediction value for calcification. In conclusion, mast cells might have a protective role against the development of calcification and hyaline degeneration in severe grade, non-rheumatic aortic valve stenosis.
- MeSH
- aortální chlopeň patologie MeSH
- aortální stenóza patologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- extracelulární matrix metabolismus MeSH
- hyalin metabolismus MeSH
- kalcinóza patologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- makrofágy metabolismus MeSH
- mastocyty metabolismus MeSH
- ochranné látky metabolismus MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- T-lymfocyty metabolismus MeSH
- zánět patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
