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Evidence synthesis is critical in evidence-based healthcare and is a core program of JBI. JBI evidence synthesis is characterised by a pluralistic view of what constitutes evidence and is underpinned by a pragmatic ethos to facilitate the use of evidence to inform practice and policy. This second paper in this series provides a descriptive overview of the JBI evidence synthesis toolkit with reference to resources for 11 different types of reviews. Unique methodologies such as qualitative syntheses, mixed methods reviews, and scoping reviews are highlighted. Key features include standardised and collaborative processes for development of methodologies and a broad range of tailored resources to facilitate the conduct of a JBI evidence synthesis, including appraisal and data extraction tools, software to support the conduct of a systematic review and an intensive systematic review training program. JBI is one of the leading international protagonists for evidence synthesis, providing those who want to answer health-related questions with a toolkit of resources to synthesize the evidence.
- MeSH
- lékařská praxe založená na důkazech * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- postup MeSH
- software * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
Cíl: Cílem této studie bylo sledování kognitivních funkcí u pacientů při celomozkovém ozařování (whole brain radiotherapy; WBRT) pro mozkové metastázy (brain metastases; BM) karcinomu plic a analýza strategií řízení radioterapie pomocí inteligentního softwaru. Metody: Byla provedena retrospektivní analýza klinických dat 146 pacientů s BM karcinomu plic, přičemž pacienti byli rozděleni do skupiny A (n = 95, pacienti s neurologickými symptomy) a skupiny B (n = 51, pacienti bez neurologických symptomů). Byla provedena multivariační logistická regresní analýza s cílem prozkoumat rizikové faktory pro zhoršení kognitivních funkcí a byl zkonstruován a zhodnocen predikční model. Výsledky: Po WBRT se ve skupině A výrazně zvýšilo skóre tzv. krátkého testu kognitivních funkcí (Mini-Mental State Examination; MMSE) (p < 0,05), které bylo nejvyšší ve 4. měsíci a pak došlo k mírnému poklesu. Naproti tomu ve skupině B došlo po WBRT ke snížení skóre, přičemž nejnižší bylo ve 4. měsíci a pak došlo k jeho zvýšení. Logistická analýza ukázala, že nezávislými rizikovými faktory pro zhoršení kognitivních funkcí byla chemoterapie podávaná ve ≥ 3 cyklech se simultánním integrovaným boostem, ozáření v dávce > 30 Gy a absence hipokampus šetřící techniky ozařování (p < 0,05). Závěr: Technika WBRT má na BM karcinomu plic zřetelné terapeutické účinky, ale ovlivňuje kognitivní funkce, což je nejvíc patrné ve 4. měsíci léčby.
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate cognitive functions of patients receiving whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) for brain metastases (BM) from lung cancer, and to analyze guidance strategies based on intelligent software. Methods: The clinical data of 146 patients with BM from lung cancer were collected for retrospective analysis, and they were assigned to group A (N = 95, presence of neurological symptoms) and group B (N = 51, absence of neurological symptoms). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to explore the risk factors for cognitive decline, and a prediction model was constructed and evaluated. Results: After WBRT, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of group A increased significantly (P < 0.05), the highest was in the 4th month and then decreased slightly. In contrast, the MMSE score of group B was lowered after WBRT, the lowest was in the 4th month and rose thereafter. Logistic analysis indicated that chemotherapy ≥ 3 cycles, simultaneous integrated boost, irradiation dose > 30 Gy and absence of hippocampal avoidance were independent risk factors for cognitive decline (P < 0.05). Conclusion: WBRT has obvious therapeutic effects on BM from lung cancer, but it influences the cognitive functions, which is the most noticeable in the 4th month.
- MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma MeSH
- kognice účinky léků účinky záření MeSH
- kognitivní porucha po chemoterapii MeSH
- kognitivní poruchy * etiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metastázy nádorů MeSH
- nádory mozku * radioterapie sekundární MeSH
- nádory plic MeSH
- radioterapie * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Electroencephalography (EEG)-the direct recording of the electrical activity of populations of neurons-is a tremendously important tool for diagnosing, treating, and researching epilepsy. Although standard procedures for recording and analyzing human EEG exist and are broadly accepted, there are no such standards for research in animal models of seizures and epilepsy-recording montages, acquisition systems, and processing algorithms may differ substantially among investigators and laboratories. The lack of standard procedures for acquiring and analyzing EEG from animal models of epilepsy hinders the interpretation of experimental results and reduces the ability of the scientific community to efficiently translate new experimental findings into clinical practice. Accordingly, the intention of this report is twofold: (1) to review current techniques for the collection and software-based analysis of neural field recordings in animal models of epilepsy, and (2) to offer pertinent standards and reporting guidelines for this research. Specifically, we review current techniques for signal acquisition, signal conditioning, signal processing, data storage, and data sharing, and include applicable recommendations to standardize collection and reporting. We close with a discussion of challenges and future opportunities, and include a supplemental report of currently available acquisition systems and analysis tools. This work represents a collaboration on behalf of the American Epilepsy Society/International League Against Epilepsy (AES/ILAE) Translational Task Force (TASK1-Workgroup 5), and is part of a larger effort to harmonize video-EEG interpretation and analysis methods across studies using in vivo and in vitro seizure and epilepsy models.
- MeSH
- elektroencefalografie * přístrojové vybavení metody normy MeSH
- epilepsie patofyziologie MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- mozek patofyziologie MeSH
- poradní výbory * MeSH
- software * normy MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Assessment of outcomes after face transplantation (FT) is necessary to provide sound evidence on the benefits of this life-giving surgery. Current methods for outcomes assessment, however, are imprecise or prone to subjectivity. Software-based video analysis may allow fast, objective and retrospective assessment of restoration of facial movements and functions after FT. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We recorded videos of 7 subjects before as well as every 3-6 months after facial transplantation. Patients performed the same sequence of facial movements in every video: smile, open mouth, purse lips, wrinkle nose, frown, close eyes, and lift eyebrows. The videos were retrospectively analyzed using EMOTIENT software, which is capable of automatic tracking and detailed measurements of facial movements and expressions. These measurements were subsequently compared to the same patient at different time points, as well as to the normal population. RESULTS: Open mouth, wrinkle nose and smile functions significantly improved in all patients when compared to pre-transplant functions; this improvement was significant at 3, 6, and 12 months after transplant, respectively. Lip purse, eye closure and frown functions improved by 6, 9, and 18 months after transplantation, respectively; however, improvement in these particular functions was not significantly with respect to pre-transplant. Face transplantation did not improve any of the patients' ability to lift their eyebrows. Most remarkably, mouth opening and smiling functions both reached values comparable to the normal population at 3 and 12 months after transplantation, respectively. CONCLUSION: Software-based video analysis provides a valuable assessment tool capable of objective, precise and reproducible analysis of facial movements and functions after FT.
- MeSH
- audiovizuální záznam * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hodnocení výsledků zdravotní péče MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obnova funkce MeSH
- pohybová aktivita fyziologie MeSH
- poranění obličeje patofyziologie chirurgie MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- software * MeSH
- transplantace obličeje * MeSH
- výraz obličeje * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: An objective, non-invasive method for redness detection during acute allograft rejection in face transplantation (FT) is lacking. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed with 688 images of 7 patients with face transplant (range, 1 to 108 months post-transplant). Healthy controls were matched to donor age, sex, and had no prior facial procedures. Rejection state was confirmed via tissue biopsy. An image-analysis software developed alongside VicarVision (Amsterdam, Netherlands) was used to produce R, a measure of differences between detectable color and absolute red. R is inversely proportional to redness, where lower R values correspond to increased redness. Linear mixed models were used to study fixed effect of rejection state on R values. Estimated marginal means of fitted models were calculated for pairwise comparisons. RESULTS: Of 688 images, 175, 170, 202, and 141 images were attributable to Banff Grade 0,1,2, and 3, respectively. Estimated change in R value of facial allografts decreased with increasing Banff Grade (p = 0.0001). The mean R value of clinical rejection (Banff Grade 2⁄3) (16.67, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 14.79-18.58) was lower (p = 0.005) than non-rejection (Banff Grade 0/1) (19.38, 95%CI 17.43-21.33). Both clinical and non-rejection mean R values were lower (p = 0.0001) than healthy controls (24.12, 95%CI 20.96-27.28). CONCLUSION: This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that software-based analysis can detect and monitor acute rejection changes in FT. Future studies should expand on this tool's potential application in telehealth and as a screening tool for allograft rejection.
- MeSH
- alografty MeSH
- biopsie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rejekce štěpu MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- software MeSH
- transplantace ledvin * MeSH
- transplantace obličeje * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: An objective, non-invasive method for redness detection during acute allograft rejection in face transplantation (FT) is lacking. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed with 688 images of 7 patients with face transplant (range, 1 to 108 months post-transplant). Healthy controls were matched to donor age, sex, and had no prior facial procedures. Rejection state was confirmed via tissue biopsy. An image-analysis software developed alongside VicarVision (Amsterdam, Netherlands) was used to produce R, a measure of differences between detectable color and absolute red. R is inversely proportional to redness, where lower R values correspond to increased redness. Linear mixed models were used to study fixed effect of rejection state on R values. Estimated marginal means of fitted models were calculated for pairwise comparisons. RESULTS: Of 688 images, 175, 170, 202, and 141 images were attributable to Banff Grade 0,1,2, and 3, respectively. Estimated change in R value of facial allografts decreased with increasing Banff Grade (p = 0.0001). The mean R value of clinical rejection (Banff Grade ⅔) (16.67, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 14.79-18.58) was lower (p = 0.005) than non-rejection (Banff Grade 0/1) (19.38, 95%CI 17.43-21.33). Both clinical and non-rejection mean R values were lower (p = 0.0001) than healthy controls (24.12, 95%CI 20.96-27.28). CONCLUSION: This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that software-based analysis can detect and monitor acute rejection changes in FT. Future studies should expand on this tool's potential application in telehealth and as a screening tool for allograft rejection.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
