Závěrečná práce NCO NZO
1 svazek : tabulky, grafy ; 30 cm
- MeSH
- Medical Errors * prevention & control MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Patient Harm MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Root Canal Therapy * methods adverse effects MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
Nárast obezity a problémy pri jej liečbe, motivácia a snaha ľudí o redukciu a kontrolu telesnej hmotnosti, ako aj intenzívny marketing, vytvárajú priaznivé podhubie pre hľadanie a používanie rôznych spôsobov ako dosiahnuť a udržať žiadanú telesnú hmotnosť. Práve výživové doplnky, prezentované ako prípravky na podporu chudnutia, si získali veľkú priazeň u spotrebiteľov, a to častokrát len na základe ľahkej dostupnosti a zjednodušenej interpretácie priaznivého pôsobenia látok, ktoré obsahujú. V klinickej praxi a pre odborníkov pretrváva nedostatok robustných randomizovaných, placebom kontrolovaných štúdií, ktoré by poskytli jednoznačné vedecké dôkazy o účinnosti a bezpečnosti týchto prípravkov. Napriek intenzívnemu a aj sľubnému výskumu biologicky aktívnych látok vo výživových doplnkoch, nedostatočné a nejednoznačné dôkazy neumožňujú ich zahrnutie do štandardných odporúčaní pre komplexný manažment (pre)obezity v klinickej praxi. Odborníci aj laická verejnosť by mali jednoznačne vnímať rozdiel medzi EBM (Evidence-Based Medicine) potvrdenými farmakologickými aj nefarmakologickými intervenciami pri redukcii telesnej hmotnosti a užívaním výživových doplnkov. Článok predkladá sumárne závery publikovaných prehľadových prác zaoberajúcich sa účinnosťou a bezpečnosťou výživových doplnkov pri redukcii telesnej hmotnosti.
The rise of obesity and the difficulties in its treatment, people’s motivation and desire to reduce and control weight, and intensive marketing, have created a favorable climate for finding and using different ways to achieve and maintain a desirable body weight. In particular, dietary supplements, presented as weight-loss products, have gained a great deal of favor with consumers, often on the basis of their easy availability and simplistic interpretation of the beneficial effects of the substances they contain. In clinical practice and for practitioners, there remains a lack of robust randomized, placebo-controlled trials that provide clear scientific evidence on the efficacy and safety of these products. Despite intensive and even promising research on biologically active substances in dietary supplements, insufficient and equivocal evidence does not allow their inclusion in standard recommendations for the comprehensive management of overweight and obesity in clinical practice. Both professionals and the public should clearly perceive the difference between EBM (Evidence-Based Medicine) validated pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for weight reduction and the use of dietary supplements. This article presents a summary of the findings of published reviews addressing the efficacy and safety of dietary supplements in weight reduction.
- MeSH
- Safety MeSH
- Weight Loss MeSH
- Clinical Studies as Topic MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Meta-Analysis as Topic MeSH
- Obesity * therapy MeSH
- Dietary Supplements * MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
Nežiaduce udalosti predstavujú globálny problém s negatívnym dopadom na bezpečnosť pacientov. Jedným z kľúčových nástrojov na zvýšenie kvality starostlivosti a bezpečnosti pacientov je hlásenie týchto udalostí. Cieľom štúdie bolo zistiť, aká je frekvencia hlásenia nežiaducich udalostí, aké faktory ovplyvňujú frekvenciu hlásenia, a aké bariéry hlásenia nežiaducich udalostí vnímajú sestry pracujúce na jednotkách intenzívnej starostlivosti (JIS) vo vybraných nemocniciach Slovenskej republiky. Zber údajov prebiehal od júla do októbra 2023 prostredníctvom dotazníka pozostávajúceho z troch častí: frekvencia hlásenia, bariéry a demografické údaje. Výskumný súbor zahŕňal 153 sestier zo štyroch slovenských nemocníc. Údaje boli spracované pomocou deskriptívnej a inferenčnej štatistiky. Frekvencia hlásenia dosiahla skóre 3,39 (SD = 1,33), čo naznačuje priemerné hlásenie nežiaducich udalostí. Faktory ako spokojnosť na pracovisku, materiálne vybavenie, vnímaná bezpečnosť pacientov a vzdelanie sestier významne ovplyvňovali hlásenie. Medzi najvýznamnejšie bariéry patrili nedostatočné vedomosti o tom, ktoré udalosti hlásiť, slabé povedomie o vzniku udalostí a nejasnosti v procese hlásenia. Napriek relatívne vysokej frekvencii hlásenia nežiaducich udalostí na JIS pretrvávajú bariéry, ktoré obmedzujú jeho efektivitu. Kľúčovými výzvami je nedostatok vedomostí a jasných inštrukcií, ktoré je potrebné riešiť prostredníctvom vzdelávania a organizačných opatrení. Podpora faktorov ako spokojnosť na pracovisku a dostupnosť zdrojov môže prispieť k zvýšeniu bezpečnosti pacientov a kvality starostlivosti.
Adverse events represent a global issue with a significant negative impact on patient safety. Reporting these events is one of the key tools for improving the quality of care and patient safety. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of adverse event reporting, identify factors influencing reporting frequency, and explore barriers to adverse event reporting as perceived by nurses working in intensive care units (ICUs) in selected hospitals in Slovakia. Data collection took place from July to October 2023 through a questionnaire consisting of three sections: reporting frequency, barriers, and demographic information. The sample included 153 nurses from four Slovak hospitals. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The reporting frequency score was 3.39 (SD = 1.33), indicating relatively average reporting of adverse events. Factors such as workplace satisfaction, material resources, perceived patient safety, and nurse education significantly influenced reporting. The most critical barriers identified were insufficient knowledge about which events to report, limited awareness of adverse event occurrence, and unclear reporting processes. Despite the relatively high frequency of adverse event reporting in ICUs, barriers limiting its effectiveness persist. Key challenges include a lack of knowledge and clear guidelines, which should be addressed through education and organizational measures. Supporting factors such as workplace satisfaction and resource availability could further enhance patient safety and care quality
BACKGROUND: Patient safety in undergraduate nursing studies is an indispensable component of the curriculum. The process of experiential learning from practice is of high value not only in terms of personal development but also enables students to identify and address critical areas of patient safety that require improvement. AIM: To explore Czech undergraduate nursing students' perceptions of patient safety culture during clinical practice through a mixed-method sequential study. METHODS: Data were collected between 2021 and 2024 using a mixed-method approach. The quantitative phase utilised the hospital survey on patient safety culture for nursing students. Four hundred and eighty-two undergraduate nursing students from 16 faculties across the Czech Republic participated. The subsequent qualitative phase employed semi-structured interviews with 12 undergraduate nursing students from one faculty in the Czech Republic. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to analyse quantitative results, complemented by a reflective thematic analysis of qualitative data. RESULTS: The most negatively rated survey dimensions were 'Frequency of events reported' (37.0%) and 'Nonpunitive responses to errors' (42.4%). Predictors for reporting adverse events in clinical practice were 'Indicators of good practice' (p ≤ 0.05). Based on the quantitative phase, the interpretive journey of nursing students' experiences from Exposure to adverse events, through Feeling disconnected and Cognitive dissonance, to the necessity of Speaking up for patient safety culture was captured in the qualitative phase. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing students struggle to engage in a patient safety culture, particularly in reporting adverse events during clinical practice. Strengthening education on reporting and standards is essential for students, along with professional development for clinical staff to align practices and cultures.
- MeSH
- Patient Safety * standards MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Qualitative Research MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Attitude of Health Personnel * MeSH
- Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
- Students, Nursing * psychology MeSH
- Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
Intravenózní podávání medikací a infuzních roztoků patří mezi častou modalitu léčby nejen v nemocničních zařízeních, ale i v následné péči, ambulantních provozech či domácím prostředí. Cílem textu je poskytnout zdravotnickým pracovníkům informace o doporučeních přispívajících k bezpečné aplikaci a prevenci chybovosti při podávání léčiv intravenózní cestou ve zdravotnických zařízeních.
Intravenous administration of medications and infusion solutions is a frequent treatment modality not only in hospital settings, but also in aftercare, outpatient settings and home environments. The aim of this text is to provide healthcare professionals with information on recommendations contributing to the safe administration and prevention of errors in the administration of drugs by the intravenous route in healthcare settings.
- MeSH
- Patient Safety * MeSH
- Medical Errors prevention & control MeSH
- Administration, Intravenous * MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Risk MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
BACKGROUND: Mobile health (mHealth) is increasingly being used in contemporary health care provision owing to its portability, accessibility, ability to facilitate communication, improved interprofessional collaboration, and benefits for health outcomes. However, there is limited discourse on patient safety in real-world mHealth implementation, especially as care settings extend beyond traditional center-based technology usage to home-based care. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore health care professionals' perspectives on the safety aspects of mHealth integration in real-world service provision, focusing on Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) and Wuhan city in mainland China. In Hong Kong SAR, real-world mHealth care provision is largely managed by the Hospital Authority, which has released various mobile apps for home-based care, such as Stoma Care, Hip Fracture, and HA Go. In contrast, mHealth care provision in Wuhan is institutionally directed, with individual hospitals or departments using consultation apps, WeChat mini-programs, and the WeChat Official Accounts Platform (a subapp within the WeChat ecosystem). METHODS: A multicenter qualitative study design was used. A total of 27 participants, including 22 nurses and 5 physicians, from 2 different health care systems were interviewed individually. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 32.19 (SD 3.74) years, and the mean working experience was 8.04 (SD 4.05) years. Most participants were female (20/27, 74%). Nearly half of the participants had a bachelor's degree (13/27, 48%), some had a master's degree (9/27, 33%), and few had a diploma degree (3/27, 11%) or a doctoral degree (2/27, 7%). Four themes emerged from the data analysis. Considering the current uncertainties surrounding mHealth implementation, participants emphasized "liability" concerns when discussing patient safety. They emphasized the need for "change management," which includes appropriate referral processes, adequate resources and funding, informed mHealth usage, and efficient working processes. They cautioned about the risks in providing mHealth information without ensuring understanding, appreciated the current regulations available, and identified additional regulations that should be considered to ensure information security. CONCLUSIONS: As health care systems increasingly adopt mHealth solutions globally to enhance both patient care and operational efficiency, it becomes crucial to understand the implications for patient safety in these new care models. Health care professionals recognized the importance of patient safety in making mHealth usage reliable and sustainable. The promotion of mHealth should be accompanied by the standardization of mHealth services with institutional, health care system, and policy-level support. This includes fostering mHealth acceptance among health care professionals to encourage appropriate referrals, accommodate changes, ensure patient comprehension, and proactively identify and address threats to information security.
- MeSH
- Patient Safety * MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Qualitative Research MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Mobile Applications MeSH
- Telemedicine * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Multicenter Study MeSH
- Geographicals
- China MeSH
- Hong Kong MeSH
BACKGROUND: Patient safety culture is critical for ensuring quality nursing care, yet its role is not fully understood in various health care settings. PURPOSE: To explore the association between patient safety culture and nurses' perceptions of the quality of nursing care provided in hospitals in the Czech Republic. METHODS: A correlation study was conducted with 535 nurses from 6 hospitals using the questionnaires Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture 2.0 and Scale of Perception of Nursing Activities that Contribute to Nursing Care Quality. RESULTS: Significant associations were found between nursing care quality and dimensions of patient safety culture. Supervisor, manager, or clinical leader support; reporting patient safety events; and handoffs and information exchange were important predictors for improving nursing care quality ( P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Management support, adverse events, effective communication, and teamwork are essential for improving patient safety and have a significant impact on the quality of nursing care provided and must be properly supported.
- MeSH
- Patient Safety * standards MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Correlation of Data MeSH
- Quality of Health Care * standards MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Organizational Culture MeSH
- Nursing Care * standards MeSH
- Nursing Staff, Hospital * psychology standards MeSH
- Attitude of Health Personnel MeSH
- Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
- Safety Management * standards MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
