The development of human sexual orientation remains a complex and multifaceted subject. It is often studied but its origins continue to elude us. In this preregistered study, our primary objective was to demonstrate the fraternal birth order effect (FBOE), which assumes a higher prevalence of older brothers in gay men than in their straight counterparts and which has also been recently recorded in lesbian women. Our second aim was to explore any potential impact of the FBOE on anal-erotic role orientation (AERO), both in gay and straight men. Our study sample included 693 gay men, 843 straight men, 265 lesbian women, and 331 straight women from Czechia and Slovakia. Employing a conventionally parameterized logistic regression model, we substantiated the FBOE among both gay men (OR = 1.35 for maternal older brothers) and lesbian women (OR = 1.71). These outcomes were confirmed by a more nuanced parameterization recently proposed by Blanchard (2022). Nonmaternal older brothers did not exhibit a significant influence on their younger brothers' sexual orientation. Contrary to some earlier reports, however, our data did not establish the FBOE as exclusive to gay men with the receptive AERO. Furthermore, our observations indicated a lower offspring count for mothers of gay men compared to mothers of straight men. Emphasizing the positive FBOE outcomes, we acknowledge the need for caution regarding the various options that can be used to estimate the familial influences on sexual orientation.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Heterosexuality statistics & numerical data   psychology   MeSH
• Homosexuality, Male * statistics & numerical data   psychology   MeSH
• Homosexuality, Female * statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Birth Order * MeSH
• Sexual and Gender Minorities statistics & numerical data   psychology   MeSH
• Sexual Behavior statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Siblings MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH
• Slovakia MeSH

One proposal for the persistence of homosexuality in the human population is the sexually antagonistic gene hypothesis, which suggests that the lower fertility of homosexual individuals, especially men, may be compensated by higher fertility of their relatives of the opposite sex. To test this hypothesis, we have collected data from 7,312 heterosexual men, 459 gay men, 3,352 heterosexual women, and 79 lesbian women mainly from Czechia. In an online survey, participants answered questions regarding their own as well as their parents' and grandparents' fertility. For men, we obtained no significant results except for higher fertility of gay men's paternal grandmothers, but the magnitude of this effect was very small. For the female sample, we recorded lower fertility of lesbian women's mothers and fathers. In line with our expectations, both gay men and lesbian women had lower fertility rates than their heterosexual counterparts. Our results are consistent with recent studies which likewise do not support the sexually antagonistic gene hypothesis.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Fertility * genetics   MeSH
• Heterosexuality * psychology   MeSH
• Homosexuality, Male * genetics   psychology   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Homosexuality, Female * genetics   psychology   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

Men and women respond differently when presented with sexual stimuli. Men's reaction is gender-specific, and women's reaction is gender-nonspecific. This might be a result of differential cognitive processing of sexual cues, namely copulatory movement (CM), which is present in almost every dynamic erotic stimulus. A novelty eye-tracking procedure was developed to assess the saliency of short film clips containing CM or non-CM sexual activities. Results from 29 gynephilic men and 31 androphilic women showed only small and insignificant effects in attention bias and no effects in attentional capture. Our results suggest that CM is not processed differently in men and women and, therefore, is not the reason behind gender-nonspecific sexual responses in women.

• MeSH
• Heterosexuality * MeSH
• Copulation MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Attentional Bias * MeSH
• Sexual Behavior MeSH
• Eye-Tracking Technology MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

Although women and men rate their subjective arousal similarly in response to "female-centric" erotic videos, women rate their subjective arousal lower than men in response to "male-centric" videos, which often end with the male's ejaculation. This study asked whether ratings of subjective sexual arousal and desire using the Sexual Arousal and Desire Inventory (SADI) would be altered if this ending was present or absent, and whether including or excluding the accompanying soundtrack would influence the magnitude and direction of the responses. A total of 119 cis-gendered heterosexual undergraduates (59 women and 60 men) viewed an 11-min sexually explicit heterosexual video that ended with a 15-s ejaculation scene. Two versions of the video were created, one with the ejaculatory ending (E+) and one without (E-). Participants were assigned randomly to view one of the two versions with (S+) or without (S-) the accompanying soundtrack, after which they completed the state version of the SADI. Women and men found both sequences without sound less arousing on the Evaluative, Motivational, and Physiological subscales of the SADI relative to the S+ sequences. However, on the Negative/Aversive subscale, women found the E + S- sequence more negative than did men, whereas this difference was not found with sound. Thus, women and men were sensitive to the auditory content of sexually explicit videos, and scenes of sexual intercourse ending with explicit ejaculation increased the Evaluative and Motivational properties of subjective sexual arousal and desire. However, this occurred in women only when the auditory cues signaled a clear and gratifying sexual interaction.

• MeSH
• Erotica MeSH
• Heterosexuality MeSH
• Libido MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Cues * MeSH
• Sexual Behavior MeSH
• Sexual Arousal * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Randomized Controlled Trial MeSH

Jealousy is defined as one of the most common automatic responses to endangering a relationship by a third party, and in evolutionary psychology it has the function of maximizing self-reproduction fitness, ensuring paternity security in men, and maintaining partner's resources in women. These include romantic jealousy, in men assuring certainty of paternity, and in women assuring the maintenance of partner's resources. Thus, according to this logic, a woman’s sexual infidelity should be more threatening for men and a man’s emotional infidelity (emotional involvement with other women than a primary partner) should be more threatening for women. Many previous studies confirm the existence of sex differences in jealousy; men reporting a higher level of sexual jealousy and women reporting a higher level of emotional jealousy. On the contrary, studies of romantic jealousy in homosexual individuals show inconsistent results. Some studies suggest that the type of sexual and emotional jealousy does not depend on the sex of the individual who is jealous, but rather on the sex of the partner or the sex of the rival. Therefore, the aim of this review is to introduce romantic jealousy from an evolutionary perspective and to acquaint the reader with current knowledge of the study of cognitive, emotional and behavioral aspects of romantic jealousy in heterosexual and homosexual men and women.

• MeSH
• Emotions MeSH
• Heterosexuality * psychology   MeSH
• Homosexuality * psychology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Sexual Behavior psychology   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Jealousy * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

BACKGROUND: Data about the genotype-specific human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in the Czech Republic is limited. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and concordance of genotype-specific HPV infection detected in semen samples, penile swabs and cervical swabs from non-vaccinated heterosexual couples without HPV-associated disease. METHODS: Semen samples and penile swabs were collected from male partners and cervical swabs were collected from female partners of heterosexual couples treated for infertility (n = 195). Presence of HPV DNA in semen samples and cervical swabs was analyzed using the cobas® HPV Test and PapilloCheck®. Only the PapilloCheck® test was used to detect HPV in penile swabs. The genotype-specific prevalence and concordance of HPV infection not targeted by vaccine were evaluated using Fisher exact test. RESULTS: Both partners were infected with any HPV type in 13.8% (27/195) of couples and, of these couples, 55.6% (15/27) harbored at least one mutual genotype. High-risk HPV (hrHPV) genotypes were detected in 12.3% (24/195) of semen samples, 31.3% (61/195) of penile swabs, and 19.5% (38/195) of cervical swabs (P < 0.001). The most prevalent hrHPV genotype were HPV53 (2.56%; 5/195) in semen samples, HPV16 (6.67%, 13/195) in penile swabs and HPV39 (3.59%, 7/195) in cervical swabs. Low-risk (lrHPV) genotypes were detected in 5.13% (10/195) of semen samples, 15.9% (31/195) of penile swabs, and 4.10% (8/195) of cervical swabs (P < 0.001). Male sexual partners of HPV-positive women were more likely to be infected with at least one of the same HPV types than female sexual partners of HPV-positive men (34.9% vs. 17.9%, P = 0.055). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that the detection of HPV infection differ by anatomic site and gender. Regardless the anatomic site, high prevalence of HPV genital infection was found in both Czech men and women.

• MeSH
• Alphapapillomavirus * genetics   MeSH
• Genotype MeSH
• Heterosexuality MeSH
• Papillomavirus Infections * epidemiology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Prevalence MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

Úvod: Pornografické materiály jsou ve společnosti vnímány jako škodlivé, avšak některé z nedávných výzkumů poukazují i na pozitivní aspekty konzumace pornografie, která může za určitých podmínek být i zdravou a rekreační aktivitou. Vzhledem k rostoucí popularitě pornografie je nutné výzkumné téma nadále rozvíjet. Metoda: Prostřednictvím online dotazníku jsme porovnávali jedince z partnerských vztahů, ve kterých je pornografie konzumována společně, každým z partnerů zvlášť, pouze jedním z partnerů či vůbec. Respondenti byli porovnáváni v oblastech partnerské sexuální aktivity zahrnující frekvenci sexuálních aktivit, potřebu pohlavního vybití, sexuální spokojenost, sexuální komunikaci a repertoár a frekvenci partnerských sexuálních praktik. Výsledky: Do porovnávání bylo zařazeno 685 respondentů starších 18 let, kteří byli v té době v heterosexuálním partnerském vztahu. Partneři společně konzumující pornografii měli ve všech zmíněných oblastech vyšší skóry (tedy příznivější výsledky) než ostatní skupiny, s výjimkou oblastí frekvence partnerských sexuálních aktivit a sexuální spokojenost, kde dosahovali stejných skórů jako partneři nekonzumující pornografii. Mezi muži a ženami nebyl nalezen statisticky významný rozdíl. Závěr: Studie poukazuje na možné pozitivní souvislosti konzumace pornografie v případě, kdy je konzumována partnery společně. V některých případech stejných výsledků dosahovali i partneři nekonzumující pornografii. Nicméně jedinci ze vztahů, kde pornografii sledují partneři každý zvlášť, či pouze jeden z nich, dosahovali ve všech oblastech vždy nejnižších skórů, tedy v těchto případech jsou souvislosti konzumace pornografie a partnerských aktivit spíše negativní.

Introduction: Pornographic materials are perceived as harmful in society. However, some recent research also points to positive aspects of pornography consumption, which can be a healthy and recreational activity under certain conditions. Due to the growing popularity of pornography, the research topic needs to be further developed. Method: Using an online questionnaire, we compared individuals from relationships in which pornography is consumed together, by each of the partners separately, by only one of the partners, or not at all. Respondents were compared in the areas of partner sexual activity, including the frequency of sexual activity, the need for sexual activities, sexual satisfaction, sexual communication, and the repertoire and frequency of partner sexual practices. Results: The comparison included 685 respondents over the age of 18 who were in a heterosexual relationship at the time. Partners who consume pornography scored higher in all of these areas than the other groups, with the exception of the areas of frequency of sexual activity and sexual satisfaction, where they scored the same as partners who do not consume pornography. No statistically significant difference was found between men and women. Conclusion: The study points to the possible positive context of pornography consumption when consumed by partners together. In some cases, partners who do not consume pornography achieved the same results. However, individuals from relationships where pornography is watched by partners separately, or by only one of them, always achieved the lowest scores in all areas. We can therefore assume that in this case the context of pornography consumption is rather negative.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Erotica * psychology   MeSH
• Heterosexuality psychology   MeSH
• Interpersonal Relations MeSH
• Communication MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult psychology   MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Sexual Behavior psychology   MeSH
• Sexual Partners psychology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult psychology   MeSH

We assessed the relative contribution of economic, personal, and affective power bases to perceived relationship power. Based on evolutionary studies, we predicted that personality dominance and mate value should represent alternative personal power bases. Our sample was comprised of 84 Czech heterosexual couples. We measured the economic power base using self-report scales assessing education, income and work status. Personal power bases were assessed using self-report measures of personality dominance (International Personality Item Pool Dominance and Assertiveness subscale from NEO Personality Inventory-Revised Extraversion scale), and partner-report measures of mate value (Trait-Specific Dependence Inventory, factors 2-6). The first factor of Trait-Specific Dependence Inventory, which measures agreeableness/commitment was used to assess the affective power base. Our results show that perceived relationship power is associated with a perception of partner's high agreeableness/commitment. Moreover, women's personality dominance and mate value are also linked with perceived relationship power, which supports our evolutionary prediction of dominance and mate value working as power bases for women. The stronger effect of women's than men's power bases may be due to gender differences in investment into relationships and/or due to transition to more equal relationships currently sought by women in the Czech Republic.

• MeSH
• Biological Evolution MeSH
• Heterosexuality * MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Men MeSH
• Sexual Partners * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Based on the Minority Stress Theory, this article examines the associations between sexual orientation and self-reported measures of physical, mental, and cognitive health, as well as health risk behaviors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The analytical sample included members of the 2016 wave of the Health and Retirement Study aged 50+ years. Binary and ordered logistic regressions were conducted to assess whether being a sexual minority was associated with poorer self-rated physical, mental, and cognitive health, as well as being more likely to engage in health risk behaviors. RESULTS: In analyses using overall and propensity-matched samples, lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) participants were about twice as likely to report ever having depression as their heterosexual counterparts but were also more likely to report better self-rated health. The LGB group was more likely to report ever having smoked but were not significantly different in any of the other health risk behaviors. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: LGB individuals appear to be at greater risk of ever experiencing depression than heterosexual individuals but, at the same time, report better physical health. This may suggest a tendency for resilience. Differences in health risk behavior may also exist. Mental health and other medical professionals should receive special training to better understand the unique problems of LGB individuals.

• MeSH
• Bisexuality MeSH
• Mental Health MeSH
• Heterosexuality MeSH
• Homosexuality, Female * MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Sexual and Gender Minorities * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

Příručka se zabývá párovou terapií a předkládá i případy z praxe. Určeno odborné i široké veřejnosti.; Kdo ještě nedostal zaručeně osvědčenou radu do vztahu, ať se přihlásí. A podrží ruku nahoře, pokud se jí nenechal zviklat. Přece musí existovat návod nebo vysvětlení, proč ten či onen vztah nevydržel nebo leckdy ani nezačal. Občas nám to připadá směšné, ale není snad nikdo, komu by na harmonických partnerských vztazích nezáleželo. V období singlovství i během vztahu snadno podléháme mýtům a pohádkám, které nám okolí podává jako obecný fakt. Jaké mýty jsou ty nejčastější a do jaké míry bychom jim měli naslouchat, objasňuje odborně, ale s nadhledem kniha, která zároveň dokáže čtenářům dodat klid. Je to terapeutův gauč v knižní podobě.

• MeSH
• Emotions MeSH
• Heterosexuality MeSH
• Interpersonal Relations MeSH
• Communication MeSH
• Culture MeSH
• Men MeSH
• Couples Therapy MeSH
• Women MeSH
• Publication type
• Handbook MeSH

• Conspectus
• Sociální interakce. Sociální komunikace
• NML Fields
• psychoterapie