ABTS method
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Složení fenolové kyseliny kvetoucích výhonků Caragana frutex bylo analyzováno metodou HPLC. Byl stanoven kvantitativní obsah sedm fenolických kyselin a jejich derivátů: kyselina galová, p-hydroxyfenyloctová, chlorogenová, kávová, р-kumarová, trans-ferulová, sinapová). Kyselina sinapová (513,0 μg/g) a kyselina chlorogenová (98,4 μg/g) převládají mezi deriváty kyseliny hydroxyskořicové. Antioxidační aktivita výhonků Caragana frutex stanovená ABTS metodou činila 9368,51 ± 30,07 μg/g, vyjádřeno jako ekvivalent Troloxu.
The phenolic acid composition of flowering Caragana frutex shoots was analyzed by the HPLC method. The quantitative content of seven phenolic acids and their derivatives has been determined: gallic, p-hydroxyphenyl acetic, chlorogenic, caffeic, р-coumaric, trans-ferulic, and sinapic) acids. Sinapic acid (513.0 μg/g) and chlorogenic acid (98.4 μg/g) predominate among phenolic acid derivatives. The antioxidant activity of Caragana frutex shoots determined by the ABTS method equaled 9368.51 ± 30.07 μg/g expressed as Trolox equivalent.
PURPOSE: ABT-751 is an antimitotic and vascular disrupting agent with potent preclinical anticancer activity. We conducted a phase I and randomized double-blind phase II study of pemetrexed with ABT-751 or placebo in patients with recurrent advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: One hundred seventy-one patients received intravenous pemetrexed 500 mg/m(2) day 1 and oral ABT-751 or placebo days 1 to 14 of 21-day cycles. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary end point included overall survival (OS); pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters were also analyzed. RESULTS: The recommended phase II dose of ABT-751 with pemetrexed is 200 mg. Fatigue, constipation, anemia, nausea, and diarrhea were the most common toxicities in both study arms. No pharmacokinetic interactions were observed. Median PFS in the ABT-751 arm was 2.3 months versus 1.9 for placebo (P = .819, log-rank) for the intention-to-treat population. However, differences in PFS (P = .112, log-rank) and OS (P = .034, log-rank; median 3.3 v 8.1 months) favoring ABT-751 were seen in the squamous NSCLC subgroup. Baseline circulating tumor cell concentrations were predictive of improved OS (P = .013). Changes from baseline of greater than 20% in plasma levels of placenta growth factor (P = .056), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (P = .03), and cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 (P = .01) were markers best associated with improved OS. CONCLUSION: Addition of ABT-751 to pemetrexed is well-tolerated, but does not improve outcome in unselected patients with recurrent NSCLC. ABT-751 may have therapeutic potential in squamous NSCLC. Exploratory cellular and molecular analyses in this study identified biomarkers that may correlate with survival.
- MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
- glutamáty aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- guanin aplikace a dávkování analogy a deriváty MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- Kaplanův-Meierův odhad MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery krev MeSH
- nádory plic krev farmakoterapie mortalita patologie MeSH
- nemalobuněčný karcinom plic krev farmakoterapie mortalita sekundární MeSH
- pemetrexed MeSH
- přežití bez známek nemoci MeSH
- proporcionální rizikové modely MeSH
- protokoly protinádorové kombinované chemoterapie škodlivé účinky farmakokinetika terapeutické užití MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- sulfonamidy aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinické zkoušky, fáze I MeSH
- klinické zkoušky, fáze II MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Spojené státy americké MeSH
In the food industry, in the process of creating new agricultural plant products, and in the testing of anti-cancer drugs there is often a need to assay multiple samples of low molecular weight antioxidants, plant samples and foods rich in antioxidants, with minimal additional costs and low degrees of uncertainty. With these demands in mind, we decided to study the fully automated assay of antioxidants using not only automated sample measurements but also automated processing of samples and application of reagents. The automated pipetting system epMotion 5075 and the automated spectrophotometer BS 400 were chosen for the assay purposes. Five methods were introduced for the automation: 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method, 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) based test, N,N-dimethyl-1,4-diaminobenzene (DMPD) based test and the free radicals method. Samples containing one of the four antioxidants (standard rutin, quercitrin, ferulic and gallic acid) in a range 1–1000 μg/ml were used throughout. All of the tested methods were found suitable for implementation in an automated assay. However, some of them, such as the ABTS test failed to assay all tested antioxidants. The coefficients of determination were also unequal. From the analytical point of view, FRAP methods provided the most reliable results in the automated assay; because of the capacity of the method, approximately 240 samples per hour (one sample per 15 seconds) can be assayed using the automated protocol. We were encouraged by the data received and we expect further interest in the practical performance of such automation. As a mean of testing the robustness of our method, in the next step of our study, oxidative status was assessed in model cell lines derived from prostate cancer (PC-3, PNT1A and 22RV1) that were cultured on ellipticine (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15 μmol/l) supplemented agar. Antioxidant activity was assessed (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, DMPD, FR) and calculated on the phenolic antioxidant level (rutin, quercitrin, ferulic and gallic acid), and thus an estimation was formulated of the oxidative stress as a result of the impact of anti-cancer drugs. It can be demonstrated that the new method has wide applicability.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia analýza MeSH
- chemické techniky analytické metody přístrojové vybavení statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- elipticiny analýza chemie metabolismus MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- FRAP MeSH
- kalibrace MeSH
- kyselina gallová analýza chemie MeSH
- kyseliny kumarové analýza chemie MeSH
- laboratorní automatizace metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- luminiscenční měření MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- oxidační stres účinky léků MeSH
- protinádorové látky chemie metabolismus toxicita MeSH
- quercetin analogy a deriváty analýza chemie MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- rutin analýza chemie MeSH
- screeningové testy protinádorových léčiv metody statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- spektrofotometrie metody přístrojové vybavení statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- viabilita buněk účinky léků MeSH
- volné radikály analýza MeSH
- vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
- Publikační typ
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- statistiky MeSH
- tabulky MeSH
Revmatoidní artritida je zánětlivé onemocnění, v jejíž patogenezi hrají roli i re aktivní formy kyslíku. Ke kompenzaci chronického oxidačního stresu je nutná správná funkce antioxidační obrany. Pro objasnění její role změřil autor antioxidační kapacitu u 120 pacientek s revmatoidní artritidou a 51 žen kontrolní skupiny. Antioxidační kapacita byla změřena soupravou firmy Randox za použití metody ABTS. Průměrná hodnota antioxidační kapacity u pacientů s revmatoidní art ritidou byla 1,581±0,131 mmol/l, u členů kontrolní skupiny 1,666±0,136 mmol/l a rozdíl je vysoce statisticky významný (p < 0,00031). Nebyl zjištěn statisticky významný rozdíl mezi hodnotou antioxidační kapacity u pacientů séropozitivních a séronegativních (1,575 mmol/l verzus 1,601 mmol/l). Ve skupi- ně revmatoidní artritidy byla zjištěna významná korelace antioxidační kapacity a koncentrace kyseliny močové (r: 0,5480, p < 0,01). U členů kontrolní skupiny byla korelace mezi antioxidační kapacitou a koncentrací kyseliny močové rovněž statisticky významná (r : 0,4994, p < 0,01). U pacientů s revmatoidní artritidou byla zjištěna volná záporná korelace mezi koncentrací CRP a antioxidační kapacitou (r: –0,2351, p < 0,05). Ve skupině revmatoidní artritidy nebyla zjištěna závislost antioxidační kapacity na věku, u kontrolní skupiny byla zjištěna lehká závislost ( r : 0,3139, p < 0,05). Výsledky potvrzují nečetné zprávy o snížení antioxidační kapacity u pacientů s revmatoidní artritidou a její významnou závislost na koncentraci kyseliny močové.
Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease in the pathogenesis of which an important part is played also by reactive forms of oxygen. For compensation of chronic oxidation stress proper functioning of antioxidant defence is needed. To elucidate its role the author assessed the antioxi- dant capacity in 120 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 51 controls. The antioxidant status was measured by a set provided by Randox Co. using the ABTS method. The mean value of the antioxidant capacity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis was 1.581±1.31 mmol/l, in members of the control group 1.666±0.136 mmol/l and the difference was highly significant ( p < 0.00031). The author did not find a statistically significant difference between the value of the antioxidant status in seropositive and seronegative patients (1.575 mmol/l vs. 1.601 mmol/l). In the group with rheumatoid arthritis the author found a significant correlation of the antioxidant status and th e uric acid concentration ( r: 0.4994, p < 0.01). In patients with rheumatoid arthritis an inverse relationship was found between the CRP concentration and the antioxidant status (r : –0.2351, p < 0.05). In the group with rheumatoid arthritis no correlation was found between the antioxidant status and age, in the control groups a slight correlation was found ( r : 0.3139, p < 0.05). The results confirm the few reports on reduction of the antioxidant status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and its relationship with the uric acid concentration.
Cíl: Posoudit nepříznivé účinky chronického užívání zidovudinu/lopinaviru/ritonaviru v těhotenství na krysím modelu. Typ studie: Prospektivní experimentální studie. Pracoviště: Gynekologicko-porodnická klinika, Federální Univerzita, S?o Paulo (UNIFESP). Metody: 40 březích EPM-1 potkanů albínů bylo náhodně rozděleno do čtyř skupin po 10 zvířatech: kontrolní (Ctrl) skupina (neošetřené) a tři experimentální skupiny (Exp1, Exp2 a Exp3), které obdržely zidovudin/lopinavir/ritonavir v odpovídajících dávkách 10/13,3/3,3; 30/39,9/9,9 a 90/119,7/29,7 mg/kg/den, od prvního do 20. dne březosti. Krysám byla aplikována dávka denně. Tělesná hmotnost byla zaznamenána ve dnech 0, 7, 14 a 20. V okamžiku, kdy byly krysy usmrceny, byl zaznamenán počet živých a mrtvých plodů, placenta a hmotnost placent a plodů. Plody byly vyšetřeny stereoskopickým mikroskopem, kdy byly hodnoceny vnější abnormality. K porovnání úmrtnosti mezi skupinami byl použit χ2 test. Výsledky: Mezi skupinami nebyl v průběhu těhotenství zaznamenán statisticky významný rozdíl v nárůstu tělesné hmotnosti. Průměrné přírůstky mezi 7. a 20. den byly 45,70 ? 5,27 g pro Ctrl, 48,49 ? 3,64 g pro Exp1; 45,39 ? 6,22 g pro Exp2 a 44,19 ? 6,78 g pro Exp3. Nicméně, 7. percentil přírůstku hmotnosti byl nižší ve skupinách Exp2 a Exp3 a 14. percentil ve skupině Exp2. Další posuzované parametry se mezi skupinami Exp2 a Exp3 významně nelišily. Závěr: Chronická expozice březích krys vysokým dávkám zidovudinu/lopinavirem/ritonavirem měla za následek významné snížení tělesné hmotnosti matky, ale nebyla spojena s významnými nepříznivými důsledky pro plod.
Objective: To assess the adverse effects of the chronic use of zidovudine/lopinavir/ritonavir in a rat pregnancy model. Type of article: Original paper. Design: A prospective experimental study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics, S?o Paulo Federal University (UNIFESP). Methods: 40 pregnant EPM-1 albino rats were randomly allocated into four groups of 10 animals each: control (Ctrl) group (untreated) and three experimental groups (Exp1, Exp2 and Exp3), which received zidovudine/lopinavir/ritonavir in the corresponding doses of 10/13.3/3.3; 30/39.9/9.9 and 90/119.7/29.7 mg/Kg/day from the first up to the 20th day of pregnancy, respectively. The rats were treated by gavage daily. Body weights were recorded on days 0, 7, 14 and 20. At term, the rats were sacrificed and the implantation sites, number of live and dead fetuses and placentas, resorptions and fetal and placental weights were recorded. The fetuses were evaluated for external abnormalities under a stereomicroscope. The chi-square test was used to compare death rates between groups. Results: Weight gain during pregnancy no showed significant differences between groups. Average weight gains between the 7th and 20th day were 45.70 ? 5.27 g for Ctrl; 48.49 ? 3.64 g for Exp1; 45.39 ? 6.22 g for Exp2 and 44.19 ? 6.78 g for Exp3. However, the percentage weight gain in the 7th was lower in groups Exp2 and Exp3 and in the 14th in the Group Exp2. All other parameters assessed did not differ significantly between groups. Exp2 and Exp3 in relation of the others. Conclusions: The chronic exposure of pregnant rats to high doses of zidovudine/lopinavir/ritonavir in association resulted in a significant reduction in maternal body weight gain but was not associated with significant adverse fetal parameters.
- MeSH
- antiretrovirové látky * aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- HIV infekce farmakoterapie MeSH
- hmotnost plodu MeSH
- komplikace těhotenství chemicky indukované MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- Lopinavir aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- odumření plodu chemicky indukované MeSH
- placenta patologie MeSH
- plod MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- ritonavir aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- teratologie MeSH
- zidovudin aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
BACKGROUND: Selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) are essential antioxidant enzyme cofactors. Foliar Se/Zn application is a highly effective method of plant biofortification. However, little is known about the effect of such applications on the concentration of trace elements and phytochemicals with pro-oxidant or antioxidant activity in pea (Pisum sativum L.). METHODS: A 2-year pot experiment (2014/2015) was conducted to examine the response of two pea varieties (Ambassador and Premium) to foliar-administered sodium selenate (0/50/100 g Se/ha) and zinc oxide (0/375/750 g Zn/ha) at the flowering stage. Concentrations of selected trace elements (Fe, Cu, and Mn), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total antioxidant activity (ABTS, FRAP) of seeds were determined. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Se/Zn treatments did not improve the concentration of trace elements, while they generally enhanced TPC. Among examined treatments, the highest TPC was found in Ambassador (from 2014) treated with 100 g Se/ha and 750 g Zn/ha (2,926 and 3,221 mg/100 g DW, respectively) vs. the control (1,737 mg/100 g DW). In addition, 50 g of Se/ha increased TFC vs. the control (261 vs. 151 mg/100 g DW) in Premium (from 2014), 750 g of Zn/ha increased ABTS vs. the control (25.2 vs. 59.5 mg/100 g DW) in Ambassador (from 2015), and 50 g of Se/ha increased FRAP vs. the control (26.6 vs. 18.0 mmol/100 g DW) in Ambassador (from 2015). In linear multivariable regression models, Zn, Mn, Cu, and TPC best explained ABTS (R = 0.577), while Se, Cu, and TPC best explained the FRAP findings (R = 0.696). This study highlights the potential of foliar biofortification with trace elements for producing pea/pea products rich in bioactive plant metabolites beneficial for human health.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Differences in the antioxidant system, apoptotic mechanism and in cell cycle between prostatic cell lines could partially elucidate the development of cisplatin resistance. The aim of this study was to identify the most characteristic parameter for a particular cell line and/or a particular cisplatin treatment using a general regression model and to assess whether it is possible to use measured parameters as markers of cisplatin resistance. This study integrates the results of viability, antioxidant, flow cytometric and quantitative PCR assays in order to characterize the resistance of prostate cancer to cisplatin. Cell growth using metabolic- (MTT) and impedance-based assays, the expression of key cell death signaling proteins (p53, Bax and Bcl-2), cell cycle, activity of antioxidant system-related proteins (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and metallothionein) and free radical scavenging capacity assays [free radicals (FR), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), ABTS] were analyzed in the cell lines 22Rv1, PC-3 and PNT1A with respect to rising concentrations (0-150 µM) and different length of cisplatin treatment (12-72 h). The non-functional-p53 PC-3 cell line showed decreased BAX (p<0.05) and, in contrast to PNT1A and 22Rv1, no cisplatin-induced effects on cell cycle. All cell lines showed increasing levels of free radical scavenging activity by ABTS, FRAP and FR assays in a time- and dose-dependent manner (r>0.76 at p<0.001 for ABTS, FRAP and FR at p<0.001). PC-3 showed increased (p<0.05) levels of free radical scavenging activity by ABTS and FR methods. These findings, together with significantly elevated MT, decreased p53 and Bax indicate PC-3 to be cisplatin-resistant. The differences in the antioxidant system and apoptotic mechanisms in PC-3 cells may elucidate the development of cisplatin resistance and indicate that this cell line may be further studied as a model of cytostatic resistance.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia metabolismus MeSH
- apoptóza účinky léků MeSH
- buněčný cyklus účinky léků genetika MeSH
- chemorezistence genetika MeSH
- cisplatina terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- nádorový supresorový protein p53 genetika MeSH
- nádory prostaty farmakoterapie genetika patologie MeSH
- proliferace buněk účinky léků MeSH
- signální transdukce genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: Malaria in the first trimester of pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are a highly effective, first-line treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria, except in the first trimester of pregnancy, when quinine with clindamycin is recommended due to concerns about the potential embryotoxicity of artemisinins. We compared adverse pregnancy outcomes after artemisinin-based treatment (ABT) versus non-ABTs in the first trimester of pregnancy. METHODS: For this systematic review and individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, and the Malaria in Pregnancy Library for prospective cohort studies published between Nov 1, 2015, and Dec 21, 2021, containing data on outcomes of pregnancies exposed to ABT and non-ABT in the first trimester. The results of this search were added to those of a previous systematic review that included publications published up until November, 2015. We included pregnancies enrolled before the pregnancy outcome was known. We excluded pregnancies with missing estimated gestational age or exposure information, multiple gestation pregnancies, and if the fetus was confirmed to be unviable before antimalarial treatment. The primary endpoint was adverse pregnancy outcome, defined as a composite of either miscarriage, stillbirth, or major congenital anomalies. A one-stage IPD meta-analysis was done by use of shared-frailty Cox models. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42015032371. FINDINGS: We identified seven eligible studies that included 12 cohorts. All 12 cohorts contributed IPD, including 34 178 pregnancies, 737 with confirmed first-trimester exposure to ABTs and 1076 with confirmed first-trimester exposure to non-ABTs. Adverse pregnancy outcomes occurred in 42 (5·7%) of 736 ABT-exposed pregnancies compared with 96 (8·9%) of 1074 non-ABT-exposed pregnancies in the first trimester (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0·71, 95% CI 0·49-1·03). Similar results were seen for the individual components of miscarriage (aHR=0·74, 0·47-1·17), stillbirth (aHR=0·71, 0·32-1·57), and major congenital anomalies (aHR=0·60, 0·13-2·87). The risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes was lower with artemether-lumefantrine than with oral quinine in the first trimester of pregnancy (25 [4·8%] of 524 vs 84 [9·2%] of 915; aHR 0·58, 0·36-0·92). INTERPRETATION: We found no evidence of embryotoxicity or teratogenicity based on the risk of miscarriage, stillbirth, or major congenital anomalies associated with ABT during the first trimester of pregnancy. Given that treatment with artemether-lumefantrine was associated with fewer adverse pregnancy outcomes than quinine, and because of the known superior tolerability and antimalarial effectiveness of ACTs, artemether-lumefantrine should be considered the preferred treatment for uncomplicated P falciparum malaria in the first trimester. If artemether-lumefantrine is unavailable, other ACTs (except artesunate-sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine) should be preferred to quinine. Continued active pharmacovigilance is warranted. FUNDING: Medicines for Malaria Venture, WHO, and the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
- MeSH
- antimalarika * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- artemether terapeutické užití MeSH
- chinin škodlivé účinky MeSH
- ethanolaminy terapeutické užití MeSH
- fixní kombinace léků MeSH
- kombinace léků artemether a lumefantrin terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- malárie * farmakoterapie MeSH
- narození mrtvého plodu epidemiologie MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- první trimestr těhotenství MeSH
- samovolný potrat * MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- tropická malárie * farmakoterapie MeSH
- výsledek těhotenství MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
Úvod: Kombinovaný liek nirmatrelvir/ritonavir je indikovaný na liečbu ochorenia COVID-19 u vysokorizikových pacientov. Jeho podávanie je však limitované výrazným ovplyvnením enzýmového systému CYP a jeho izoforiem ritonavirom. Ritonavir potencuje účinok súčasne podávaného nirmatrelviru, na druhej strane môže zapríčiniť farmakoterapeutické komplikácie u pacientov s chronickou farmakoterapiou. Cieľ: Identifikovať liekové interakcie nirmatrelviru/ritonaviru s liekmi z rôznych ATC skupín používaných v chronickej farmakoterapii, zhodnotiť riziká potenciálnych liekových interakcií a sumarizovať klinicky významné interakcie a tým prispieť k zníženiu rizika nežiaducich účinkov farmakoterapie. Metodika: Štúdia prebiehala v období od 1. 9. 2023 do 31. 12. 2023 v ôsmich verejných lekárňach a na Infekčnej klinike vo Fakultnej nemocnici Nitra. Liekové interak- cie sme analyzovali na základe údajov v SmPC a liekových databázach Lexicomp a Liverpool COVID-19 drug interactions checker. Výsledky: Pri 22 % liečiv sme identifikovali mierne až stredne závažné liekové interakcie s nirmatrelvirom/ritonavirom, ktoré vyžadujú monitorovanie pacienta alebo úpravu dávkovania. 5 % liečiv vykazovalo závažné liekové interakcie (domperidón, tamsulosín, diazepam, kvetiapín, salmeterol), preto sa ich užívanie v tejto kombinácii neodporúča. 73 % liečiv nevykazovalo žiadne interakcie vo vzťahu k nirmatrelviru/ritonaviru. Záver: Podávanie nirmatrelviru/ritonaviru je limitované vysokou prevalenciou liekových interakcií. Táto práca sumarizuje všetky klinicky významné interakcie a má prispieť k zníženiu rizika nežiaducich účinkov farmakoterapie v dôsledku interakcií.
Introduction: Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir is indicated for the treatment of COVID-19 disease in high-risk patients. Its administration is limited by the significant effect of ritonavir on the CYP enzyme system and its isoforms. Ritonavir potentiates the effect of concomitantly administered nirmatrelvir and it also causes pharmacotherapeutic complications in patients on chronic drug therapy. Aim: To identify drug-drug interactions of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir with drugs from different ATC groups used in chronic pharmacotherapy, to assess the risk of potential drug-drug interactions and to summarize clinically relevant interactions and thereby contribute to the reduction of the risk of adverse effects of pharmacotherapy. Methods: The study was conducted in the period from 1. 9. 2023 to 31. 12. 2023 in eight public pharmacies and at the Infectious Diseases Clinic at the University Hospital Nitra. Drug interactions were analyzed on the basis of data in SmPC and two drug databases called Lexicomp and Liverpool COVID-19 drug interactions checker. Results: We identified mild to moderate drug interactions with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in 22 % of the drugs, requiring patient monitoring or dosage adjustment. 5 % of the drugs showed severe drug interactions (domperidone, tamsulosin, diazepam, quetiapine, salmeterol), which are not recommended for use in this combination. 73 % of the drugs showed no interactions in relation to nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Conclusion: Administration of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir is limited by the high prevalence of drug-drug interactions. This study summarizes clinically relevant interactions and may help to reduce the risk of adverse drug effects due to interactions.
- Klíčová slova
- nirmatrelvir/ritonavir,
- MeSH
- antivirové látky škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- farmakoterapie COVID-19 metody MeSH
- kombinovaná farmakoterapie metody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lékové interakce * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- náhrada léků MeSH
- nežádoucí účinky léčiv epidemiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- ritonavir škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- riziko MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinická studie MeSH
The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioactive substances in 19 berry cultivars of edible honeysuckle (Lonicera edulis). A statistical evaluation was used to determine the relationship between the content of selected bioactive substances and individual cultivars. Regarding mineral elements, the content of sodium was measured using potentiometry and spectrophotometry. The content of selected polyphenolic compounds with high antioxidant activity was determined by a HPLC-UV/ED method. The total amount of polyphenols was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The antioxidant activity was determined using five methods (DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, FR and DMPD) that differ in their principles. The content of 13 amino acids was determined by ion-exchange chromatography. The experimental results obtained for the different cultivars were evaluated and compared by statistical and bioinformatic methods. A unique feature of this study lies in the exhaustive analysis of the chosen parameters (amino acids, mineral elements, polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity) during one growing season.
- MeSH
- aminokyseliny analýza MeSH
- antioxidancia chemie farmakologie MeSH
- chromatografie iontoměničová MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- Lonicera chemie genetika MeSH
- minerály analýza MeSH
- ovoce chemie MeSH
- polyfenoly analýza chemie MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie metody MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
