BACKGROUND: Late-life depression is common among older adults living in nursing homes (NHs). Over the last 30 years there has been an increase in the rates of prescription of antidepressant medications across all ages, with the largest rise reported in older adults. This study aimed to describe the pattern of antidepressant medication use among NH residents from 7 European countries and Israel and to examine patient and facilities characteristics that may account for it. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from the SHELTER study, an observational longitudinal cohort study that collected comprehensive resident data using the interRAI Long-Term Care Facility instrument in 7 European Countries and Israel. Descriptive statistics were used to examine sample characteristics. Potential correlates of antidepressant medication use were identified using multiple logistic regression modeling. RESULTS: Among 4023 residents entering the study, 32% had depressive symptoms and nearly half of these individuals used antidepressants. Antidepressant medication use varied by country, with a prevalence in the overall sample of 35.6% (n = 1431). Among antidepressant users, 59.9% were receiving selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI). The strongest correlates of antidepressant use included reported diagnosis of anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, pain, falls and high level of social engagement. Age over 85 years, living in facilities located in rural areas and a diagnosis of schizophrenia reduced the likelihood of being prescribed with an antidepressant. CONCLUSIONS: A large proportion of residents in European long-term care facilities receive antidepressant medications. The decision to prescribe antidepressants to NH residents seems to be influenced by both patient and facility characteristics. Future longitudinal studies should evaluate the efficacy and safety of antidepressant use in NHs thus providing evidence for recommendations for clinical practice.

• MeSH
• antidepresiva * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• dlouhodobá péče * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH
• Izrael MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To prevent osteoporotic fractures in nursing home residents a combination of bisphosphonates, calcium and vitamin D is recommended. This study assessed the prevalence of pharmacological osteoporosis prevention in nursing home residents from eight countries, and assessed its association with patient characteristics. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analyses of the SHELTER study data. We assessed the overall prevalence of osteoporosis medication (OM) use (vitamin D, calcium and bisphosphonates) in residents stratified for falls and fractures over last 30 days, health instability with high mortality risk, cognitive impairment, and dependence in walking. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Nursing home residents in the Czech Republic, England, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, The Netherlands and Israel. RESULTS: Of 3832 eligible residents, vitamin D, calcium and bisphosphonates were used by 16.2%, 10.4%, and 4.5% respectively. All 3 classes of OM together were used by 1.5% of all residents. Of residents with a recent fracture, 9.5% used a bisphosphonate (2.7% all 3 OMs). In patients with recent falls, 20.8% used vitamin D and 15.3% calcium. In residents with severe cognitive impairment, 15.5% used vitamin D and 9.3% used calcium. Of the bisphosphonate users, 33.7% also used both vitamin D and calcium, 25.8% used only calcium in addition and 17.4% only vitamin D in addition. The use of any OM varied widely across countries, from 66.8% in Finland to 3.0% in Israel. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: We found substantial pharmacological under-treatment of prevention of osteoporosis in residents with recent falls, fractures and dependence in walking. Only two-thirds of bisphosphonate users also took a vitamin D-calcium combination, despite guideline recommendations. On the other hand, possible over-treatment was found in residents with high mortality risk in whom preventive pharmacotherapy might not have still been appropriate. The prevalence of pharmacological prevention of osteoporosis differed substantially between countries. Efforts are needed to improve pharmacotherapy in residents.

• MeSH
• bisfosfonáty terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• osteoporotické fraktury prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• osteoporóza farmakoterapie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• pečovatelské domovy statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• spotřeba léčiv statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• úrazy pádem MeSH
• vápník dietní terapeutické užití   MeSH
• vitamin D terapeutické užití   MeSH
• vitaminy terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH
• Izrael MeSH

AIM: Drugs may interact with geriatric syndromes by playing a role in the continuation, recurrence or worsening of these conditions. Aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of interactions between drugs and three common geriatric syndromes (delirium, falls and urinary incontinence) among older adults in nursing home and home care in Europe. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional multicenter study among 4023 nursing home residents participating in the Services and Health for Elderly in Long-TERm care (Shelter) project and 1469 home care patients participating in the Identifying best practices for care-dependent elderly by Benchmarking Costs and outcomes of community care (IBenC) project. Exposure to interactions between drugs and geriatric syndromes was assessed by 2015 Beers criteria. RESULTS: 790/4023 (19.6%) residents in the Shelter Project and 179/1469 (12.2%) home care patients in the IBenC Project presented with one or more drug interactions with geriatric syndromes. In the Shelter project, 288/373 (77.2%) residents experiencing a fall, 429/659 (65.1%) presenting with delirium and 180/2765 (6.5%) with urinary incontinence were on one or more interacting drugs. In the IBenC project, 78/172 (45.3%) participants experiencing a fall, 80/182 (44.0%) presenting with delirium and 36/504 (7.1%) with urinary incontinence were on one or more interacting drugs. CONCLUSION: Drug-geriatric syndromes interactions are common in long-term care patients. Future studies and interventions aimed at improving pharmacological prescription in the long-term care setting should assess not only drug-drug and drug-disease interactions, but also interactions involving geriatric syndromes.

• MeSH
• delirium epidemiologie   MeSH
• dlouhodobá péče statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• geriatrické hodnocení metody   MeSH
• inkontinence moči epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pečovatelské domovy statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• služby domácí péče statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• syndrom MeSH
• úrazy pádem statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa epidemiologie   MeSH

OBJECTIVES: To examine whether nursing home residents with concurrent vision and hearing impairment, dual sensory impairment (DSI), have a greater cognitive decline over time than do those without sensory impairment and whether social engagement modifies this association. METHODS: Based on the Services and Health for Elderly in Long TERm Care study, 1,989 nursing home residents who were assessed using the interRAI LTCF at 6-month intervals over 1 year were included. Multivariate linear regression models with time-variant exposure variables of sensory impairment and social engagement using generalized estimating equations were performed to predict cognitive function measured by the Cognitive Performance Scale (range 0-6). RESULTS: Residents with DSI had a greater cognitive decline [changes in Cognitive Performance Scale over 1 year = 1.12 (95% confidence interval = 0.81:1.42)] compared to those with either vision or hearing impairment [0.67 (0.53:0.64)] and those without sensory impairment [0.56 (0.48:0.64)]. A lower level of social engagement was also associated with a greater cognitive decline. The combined exposure variable of sensory impairment and social engagement revealed the greatest cognitive decline for socially disengaged residents with DSI [1.87 (1.24:2.51)] and the potential effect modification of social engagement on the association between DSI and cognitive decline; DSI was not associated with a greater cognitive decline among socially engaged residents, while it was associated among socially disengaged residents DISCUSSION: Cognitive function declines faster in nursing home residents with DSI only when residents were not socially engaged. Therefore, residents with DSI might cognitively benefit from interventions to improve involvement in social life at nursing homes.

• MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• domovy pro seniory statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• geriatrické hodnocení metody   MeSH
• interpersonální vztahy MeSH
• kognice * MeSH
• kognitivní poruchy * diagnóza   etiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lineární modely MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• nedoslýchavost * komplikace   psychologie   MeSH
• pečovatelské domovy statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• poruchy zraku * komplikace   psychologie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sociální opora MeSH
• zapojení do společnosti psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

Příspěvek se zabývá psychologickým přístupem v práci s klienty azylového domu pro rodiny s dětmi. Popisuje možnosti této práce v konkrétním socioterapeutickém prostředí Azylového domu v Horních Počernicích. Představuje fungující koncepci psychologické práce se všemi klienty a její typické výsledky. Celou prací se prolíná téma rozdílnosti několika přístupů pomáhajících profesí v azylovém domě se zaměřením na místo psychologického a terapeutického přístupu v rámci sociálních služeb. V závěrečné části jsou tyto rozdíly, možnosti a omezení jednotlivých přístupů uspořádány do koncepce trojrozměrného modelu s navzájem propojenými proměnnými, kdy socioterapeutické prostředí azylového domu představuje šířku, sociální práce výšku a psychologická práce hloubku.

Problem: The paper is dealing with a psychological approach to the work with families and their children at a shelter home. It describes the circumstances and conditions for the work in the specific socio-therapeutic environment of the Horni Pocernice Shelter Home. The main research question - 'What are the options of psychological intervention and psychotherapeutic work with clients in the scope of services offered by the shelter home in Horni Pocernice'- works with the hypopaper that psychology and psychotherapy have their place within and next to social services. For clients who use services of this shelter home is this work essential and contributes to better understanding of their life situation and their social relations. Effectivity of psychological work in the environment of a shelter home is in a great deal connected to its acceptance, inner belief and understanding of its real possibilities by every single social worker. Lack of understanding, distorted expectations both on the side of social workers and psychologists complicate or even prevent psychotherapeutic work with clients for whom the requirements and demands of social workers are determining during their stay. Methods: This paper is based on the design of ethnographic field research. Empirical design of this research is defined by the premises of the shelter home and the time period from 2007 to 2012. Therapeutic possibilities of clients are examined from the position of psychologist and psychotherapist of this centre who offers his/her services once a week for about 5 to 7 hours. The research sample was being created during the collection of data in the examined period and its analysis when it was early established with respect to the research question that all available cases typical for full collection will be included (there were 646 clients in the examined period). Results: The answer to the main research question concerns two variables which are related to each other. The target group, which is described with the use of demographic and social characteristics, and the position of psychotherapy in social services. The differences, conditions and limitations of various approaches of assisting professions in the shelter home are organised into a three-dimensional model with interlinked variables where the socio-therapeutic environment of the shelter home represents the width, the social work represents the height and the psychological counselling represents the depth. This paper presents the results of the functioning concept of psychological work with all clients and its typical results. It describes and analyses some of the variables which generally work in psychotherapy and which are specific factors in this environment: relationship between a therapeutist and a client, variables on the side of a client, used techniques and non-therapeutical factors. Discussion and assessment of results: The final part evaluates the work of psychologist and psychotherapist in the context of the socio-therapeutic environment which by its nature calls for changes. It points out various views of social workers and psychologists or psychotherapists in their evaluation of co-operation with individual clients and shows a different conception of relationship between an evaluator and a person being evaluated which makes those two approaches different yet complementary in the complex of services. Conclusion: The conclusion brings an assessment of the importance of psychotherapy in social services as an activity determined by the concept of social work and psychotherapy and their historical continuity in individual countries.

• MeSH
• interpersonální vztahy MeSH
• lidé bez domova MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• psychoterapie * metody   MeSH
• rodina MeSH
• sociální péče * MeSH
• sociální práce MeSH
• socioterapie metody   MeSH
• vztahy mezi zdravotnickým pracovníkem a pacientem MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• Konspekt
• Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
• NLK Obory
• sociální lékařství
• psychologie, klinická psychologie

A Family Emergency Shelter (FES) is a welfare facility taking care of children who have to be raised outside the family due to dangers to their health or life. When a child lands in an FES it has numerous neurobehavioral disorders. The most common develop as a result of living in a dysfunctional, sensory deprived environment. While working with a mistreated child, nursing – pedagogical diagnosis is indispensible. In practice, however, if a child does not have visible signs of mental or physical disabilities, the aspect of multidimensional diagnosis is omitted. As a result, the children are expected to behave as if they were perfectly healthy and well-adjusted individuals. Such an approach, which has been utilized by professionals and guardians towards children, might result in numerous tragic situations in the future. In this presentation we will outline diagnostic methods and techniques which may be helpful to nurses and people who run FESs in recognizing children’s dysfunctions. They have been worked out in FES at Zagórnik.

• Klíčová slova
• Family Emergency Shelter,
• MeSH
• časná diagnóza MeSH
• dítě v ústavní péči psychologie   výchova   zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ošetřovatelská diagnóza MeSH
• pedagogická psychologie metody   MeSH
• poruchy chování u dětí diagnóza   etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• poruchy sociálního chování etiologie   MeSH
• sociální péče o dítě psychologie   MeSH
• sociální prostředí MeSH
• speciální vzdělávání organizace a řízení   zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• výchova dítěte psychologie   MeSH
• zneužívané dítě psychologie   terapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Polsko MeSH

Cats are important hosts for different zoonotic parasites that can be hazardous to human health. To date, few studies have attempted to identify the factors affecting parasitic infections in shelter animals. This study aims to analyse the presence of endoparasites in shelter cats in Tartu, Estonia, and identify factors affecting endoparasite prevalence and intensity. The risk factors considered were age, location (urban vs rural cats) and time spent in shelter. In total, 290 faecal samples were collected from cats at an animal shelter in 2015-2016 and investigated for endoparasites using the concentration flotation technique. In total, 138 shelter cats (47.6%) were infected with endoparasites and their overall prevalence was: Toxocara cati (36.6%), Cystoisospora spp. (12.4%), Taeniidae gen. sp. (4.1%), Toxoplasma gondii/Hammondia hammondi (3.4%), Eucoleus aerophilus (2.1%), Cryptosporidium spp. (2.1%), Ancylostoma sp. (0.7%) and Giardia sp. (0.7%). Coinfections occurred in 38 cats (13.1%) most frequently of T. cati and Cystoisospora spp. (4.5%), Cystoisospora spp. and T. gondii/H. hammondi (2.1%). Where species identification of cestode and nematode samples was not possible according to morphology, genetic analysis of the mitochondrial cox1 gene was carried out. DNA was successfully analysed for 6 out of 13 samples that required genetic identification, revealing Ancylostoma tubaeforme in one nematode sample and Hydatigera taeniaeformis in five cestode samples. Cats from rural areas had significantly higher endoparasite prevalence than cats from urban areas. Helminth prevalence decreased to some extent due to anthelmintic treatment in cats available for adoption (held ≥15 days in the shelter), whereas the prevalence of infection with protists increased significantly in these animals. It is important to note that the analysis revealed lower infection intensity for quarantine cats (held 1-14 days in the shelter) compared with cats available for adoption. The relatively high prevalence of endoparasites (including zoonotic) in shelter cats ready for adoption suggests that current anthelminthic procedures require improvements.

• MeSH
• Ancylostoma izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Cestoda izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• cizopasní červi MeSH
• Coccidia izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Cryptosporidium izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• feces parazitologie   MeSH
• geny helmintů MeSH
• Giardia izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• giardiáza MeSH
• hlístice izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• kočky parazitologie   MeSH
• paraziti * klasifikace   izolace a purifikace   patogenita   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• respirační komplex IV genetika   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• Toxocara izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Toxoplasma izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• zoonózy parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• kočky parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Estonsko MeSH

Opuštěná, toulavá a nechtěná zvířata jsou problém v celém světě. Psi, kočky a jiná toulavá zvířata mohou být hrozbou pro lidské zdraví, protože jsou přenašeči virových, bakteriálních, parazitických a fungálních zoonotických onemocnění. Mohou atakovat či poranit člověka, jiné živočichy a způsobit dopravní nehodu. V optimálním případě jsou zvířata nalezena, zachráněna, ošetřena a je o ně postaráno v útulcích a podobných zařízeních. I když jsou zvířata chována ve vhodných podmínkách s dobrým welfare, psi trpí nedostatkem pravidelného kontaktu s člověkem, protože jsou to zvířata nanejvýš společenská. Záchranná zařízení, depozita a azyly jsou navíc často přeplněné a provoz je drahý. Nalezení nových domovů pro tato zvířata je tedy vysoce žádoucí. Adopce psů z útulků je složitý proces zahrnující mnoho faktorů, například plemenný typ, velikost, barvu srsti, způsob přijetí do útulku, délku pobytu, zdravotní stav a chování psa. Vnímání nových majitelů, jejich schopnosti, znalosti a zodpovědnost jsou rovněž velmi důležité. V neposlední řadě přístup zaměstnanců útulku ke zvířatům hraje také svou roli. Za úspěšný adopční proces je považován takový, kdy osvojitel poskytne psu vhodné podmínky a nedojde k vrácení adoptovaného psa do útulku. Tento příspěvek pojednává o okolnostech výběru psa, postadopčním období a často se vyskytujících problémech, které musí osvojitel řešit.

Abandoned, stray and unwanted pets have been problem all over the world. Dogs, cats and other stray animals can be significant threat to human health since they are careers of viral, bacterial, rickettsial, parasitic, and fungal zoonotic diseases. They may attack, hurt and injure people, animals and cause road accident. In optimal way the animals are found, rescued, treated and kept in shelters and other facilities. Even if the pets are kept in appropriate conditions with good welfare, the dogs suffer from the lack of regular human contact as they have been sociable animals. Moreover, the rescue sites, deposits and sanctuaries are mostly fulfilled, and keeping is expensive. The finding new homes for these animals is highly desirable. Adoption of dogs from shelters is a complex phenomena including many factors, e. g. bred type, size, colour of coat, mode of intake, lenght of stay, health and behavior of dog. The perception of new owners, their skills, knowledge and responsibility seem to be very important. At last but not least shelter attitude to animals and potential owners play role too. Successful adoption process is when the owner‘s possibilities, conditions, and abilities provide optimal conditions for dogs, and adopted animals are not returned to the shelter. This paper deals with circumstances surrounding the process of choosing a dog by the adopter, the postadoption time and the most common problems the adopter faces.

• Klíčová slova
• pes z útulku,
• MeSH
• chování zvířat MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pohoda zvířat * MeSH
• pouto mezi člověkem a zvířetem * MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• psi * psychologie   MeSH
• vlastnictví MeSH
• výběrové chování MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• psi * psychologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH

• MeSH
• bydlení MeSH
• lidé bez domova MeSH
• sebevražda MeSH
• sociální problémy MeSH

• Konspekt
• Sociální problémy vyžadující podporu a pomoc. Sociální zabezpečení
• NLK Obory
• sociologie
• NLK Publikační typ
• studie