BACKGROUND: The education of healthcare professionals, including nurses, represents a critical intersection with health systems science (HSS), which is often considered the third pillar of healthcare education alongside basic and clinical sciences. Despite the amount of research on nursing education during the COVID-19 pandemic, there remains a gap in analysis from an HSS perspective. METHODS: A Comparative Education Approach involving undergraduate nursing programs (UNPs) across Europe, with longitudinal data collection from 2002 to 2023. The aim of the study was threefold: (a) to summarize the overall changes in UNPs during the COVID-19 pandemic; (b) to identify the changes retained in the post-pandemic era; and (c) to identify the impact of the pandemic on nursing education as perceived by nurse educators across nine European countries. RESULTS: This study compares the changes in nursing education in European countries during and after the COVID-19 pandemic using a qualitative approach with data from nine universities. The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on education provision. During the first wave, government restrictions forced a complete shift to online learning for theory classes, clinical training and laboratories. In subsequent waves, a hybrid format was chosen that combined online and face-to-face sessions. A major challenge was the placement of nursing students alongside general university students. This approach neglected their need for practical clinical training, which is crucial for their future careers. To compensate for the lack of clinical hours, various alternative teaching methods were introduced. Students were also offered the opportunity to volunteer in large-scale public health initiatives such as vaccination and testing campaigns, although bedside care for COVID-19 patients remained limited. The pandemic has also left its mark in the post-pandemic period. Some UNPs have retained elements of online education, notably lectures, research seminars, meetings, consultations and even online exams. Interestingly, an initial increase in applicant numbers was observed at six of the nine participating UNPs. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic has widened the gap between university-educated nurses and the clinical setting, i.e. between theory and practise, underlining the importance of HSS in nursing education. Rebuilding strong partnerships is crucial, but simply returning to the pre-pandemic model is not enough. To ensure uninterrupted education during future crises, proactive planning, including the creation of predefined protocols for collaboration, is essential. The pandemic underscores the need for closer alignment between the two sectors, which would better equip future nurses with the skills they need to thrive in the nursing workforce and ensure they are prepared for the challenges of the 21st century.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 * epidemiologie   MeSH
• distanční studium trendy   MeSH
• kurikulum MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• pandemie MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
• studium ošetřovatelství bakalářské * trendy   organizace a řízení   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is an advanced endoscopic procedure that has become a first-line treatment for esophageal achalasia and other esophageal spastic disorders. Structured training is essential to optimize the outcomes of this technique. The European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) has recognized the need to formalize and enhance training in POEM. This Position Statement presents the results of a systematic review of the literature and a formal Delphi process, providing recommendations for an optimal training program in POEM that aims to produce endoscopists competent in this procedure. In a separate document (POEM curriculum Part II), we provide technical guidance on how to perform the POEM procedure based on the best available evidence. 1: POEM trainees should acquire a comprehensive theoretical knowledge of achalasia and other esophageal motility disorders that encompasses pathophysiology, diagnostic tool proficiency, clinical outcome assessment, potential adverse events, and periprocedural management. 2: Experience in advanced endoscopic procedures (endoscopic mucosal resection and/or endoscopic submucosal dissection [ESD]) is encouraged as a beneficial prerequisite for POEM training. 3: ESGE suggests that POEM trainees without ESD experience should perform an indicative minimum number of 20 cases on ex vivo or animal models before advancing to human POEM cases with an experienced trainer. 4: ESGE recommends that the trainee should observe an indicative minimum number of 20 live cases at expert centers before starting to perform POEM in humans. 5: The trainee should undertake an indicative minimum number of 10 cases under expert supervision for the initial human POEM procedures, ensuring that trainees can complete all POEM steps independently. 6: ESGE recommends avoiding complex POEM cases during the early training phase. 7: POEM competence should reflect the technical success rate, both the short- and long-term clinical success rates, and the rate of true adverse events. 8: A POEM center should maintain a prospective registry of all procedures performed, including patient work-up and outcomes, procedural techniques, and adverse events.

• MeSH
• achalázie jícnu * chirurgie   MeSH
• delfská metoda MeSH
• endoskopické operace přirozenými otvory * výchova   MeSH
• gastrointestinální endoskopie * výchova   MeSH
• klinické kompetence MeSH
• kurikulum * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myotomie * výchova   metody   MeSH
• pyloromyotomie * výchova   MeSH
• společnosti lékařské MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• konsensus - konference MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Investigator-initiated trials (IITs) bridge the gap between applied clinical research and everyday clinical practice. However, they require the skilled multidisciplinary teams from different backgrounds but all with clinical trial training to ensure trials are designed, conducted and reported according to best practice and regulatory standards. The availability of trainings to fulfil these needs is limited. The CONSCIOUS II project facilitated to expand the supply of such programmes. The objective is to describe the curriculum designed for PhD students and early-career researchers, and evaluate participants' perceptions and feedback after completion of the training. METHODS: The curriculum was developed according to key principles that underpin building of competencies relevant to quality IITs and transdisciplinary skills. A multidisciplinary team created the curriculum, elaborated a comprehensive set of study materials, including the training platform. This team also conducted an international, collaborative pilot course. The effectiveness of the educational materials for the target audience was assessed through questionnaires administered after the pilot course. Additionally, all learning materials, including the video recordings of the pilot course, were externally evaluated. RESULTS: A 12-chapter thoroughly revised curriculum was developed for asynchronous preparation and served as a pre-class reading for a 3-month pilot course. The chapters, along with supplementary materials, and recordings of the pilot course are freely accessible on the CONSCIOUS II training platform. This platform facilitates the dissemination and implementation in the existing curricula. The feedback from both the pilot course participants and the stakeholders was uniformly positive across all survey aspects. CONCLUSION: This remote programme which combines asynchronous and synchronous components with international and interprofessional collaboration effectively addresses the gap in developing core competencies for the 21st -century clinical researchers. The implementation of this curriculum has the potential to improve the quality of IITs.

• MeSH
• biomedicínský výzkum * výchova   MeSH
• hodnocení programu MeSH
• klinické kompetence MeSH
• klinické zkoušky jako téma * normy   MeSH
• kurikulum * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• výzkumní pracovníci * výchova   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Lung ultrasonography (LUS) is a point-of-care imaging modality with growing potential in primary care. OBJECTIVES: While its use is well established in hospital settings, data on its accuracy when performed by general practitioners (GPs) remain limited. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of LUS conducted by GPs following structured training. METHODS: We recruited 17 GPs from various regions of the Czech Republic. They completed a two-day educational course focused on LUS. Patients with current dyspnoea (NYHA II-IV) or a history of dyspnoea within the last four weeks were included and underwent LUS to assess the presence of pleural effusion and interstitial syndrome. An independent expert sonographer, blinded to clinical data, evaluated recorded LUS video loops as the reference standard. LUS findings were categorized into A profile (presence of A lines and intact lung sliding, indicating normal aeration), B profile (three or more B lines per intercostal space in at least two intercostal spaces per hemithorax, suggesting interstitial syndrome), pulmonary consolidation and pleural effusion. RESULTS: A total of 128 patients were enrolled in the study. A total of 768 thoracic segments were examined. A profile was identified in 642 (83.6%) segments, B profile in 108 (14.1%), pulmonary consolidation in 8 (1.0%), and pleural effusion in 12 (1.6%). For the identification of A profile, the sensitivity was 97.51% (95% CI 95.98-98.57), and the specificity was 88.10% (95% CI 81,13-93,18); for B profile, the sensitivity was 87.04% (95% CI 79,21-92,73), and the specificity was 97.73% (95% CI96,28-98,72); for pulmonary consolidation, the sensitivity was 100.0% (95% CI 63,06-100,00), and the specificity was 100.0% (95% CI 99,52-100,0); for pleural effusion, the sensitivity was 83.33% (95% CI 51,59-97,91), and the specificity was 99.87% (95% CI 99,27-100,00). CONCLUSION: Our findings provide important preliminary data, demonstrating that GPs can perform LUS accurately after a structured training program. THE TRIAL REGISTRATION IDENTIFIER: is NCT04905719.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• dyspnoe diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• intersticiální plicní nemoci diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• klinické kompetence MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pleurální výpotek diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• plíce * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• plicní nemoci * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• praktičtí lékaři * výchova   MeSH
• primární zdravotní péče MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• ultrasonografie MeSH
• vyšetření u lůžka * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) are a major indication for liver surgery in Europe, highlighting the need for standardized knowledge and training in surgical oncology. The European Society of Surgical Oncology (ESSO) has updated its core curriculum to provide a structured framework for education. Previous publications have addressed pancreatic, hepatocellular, and biliary tract cancers to support candidates preparing for the European Board of Surgery Qualification (EBSQ) exams in Surgical Oncology and Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery. However, a dedicated guide for CRLM remains absent. This article aims to fill that gap by offering a structured reference on CRLM, covering epidemiology, staging, genetics, and diagnosis of metastatic colorectal cancer. It also outlines multidisciplinary treatment strategies, including systemic, surgical, interventional, and palliative approaches. A structured literature review was conducted using PubMed to identify the most updated (inter)national management guidelines, prioritizing recent multicentre studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses published from January 2020 to January 2025. By bridging the gap between the ESSO core curriculum and detailed subspecialty training, this guide provides an essential resource for hepatobiliary surgeons and surgical oncologists. It serves as a valuable tool for those preparing for board examinations while promoting a standardized approach to CRLM education and management across Europe.

• MeSH
• chirurgická onkologie * výchova   MeSH
• hepatektomie výchova   MeSH
• kolorektální nádory * patologie   MeSH
• kurikulum * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory jater * sekundární   terapie   diagnóza   chirurgie   epidemiologie   genetika   MeSH
• společnosti lékařské MeSH
• staging nádorů MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

This study aims to provide an updated overview of medical error taxonomies by building on a robust review conducted in 2011. It seeks to identify the key characteristics of the most suitable taxonomy for use in high-fidelity simulation-based postgraduate courses in Critical Care. While many taxonomies are available, none seem to be explicitly designed for the unique context of healthcare simulation-based education, in which errors are regarded as essential learning opportunities. Rather than creating a new classification system, this study proposes integrating existing taxonomies to enhance their applicability in simulation training. Through data from surveys of participants and tutors in postgraduate simulation-based courses, this study provides an exploratory analysis of whether a generic or domain-specific taxonomy is more suitable for healthcare education. While a generic classification may cover a broad spectrum of errors, a domain-specific approach could be more relatable and practical for healthcare professionals in a given domain, potentially improving error-reporting rates. Seven strong links were identified in the reviewed classification systems. These correlations allowed the authors to propose various simulation training strategies to address the errors identified in both the classification systems. This approach focuses on error management and fostering a safety culture, aiming to reduce communication-related errors by introducing the principles of Crisis Resource Management, effective communication methods, and overall teamwork improvement. The gathered data contributes to a better understanding and training of the most prevalent medical errors, with significant correlations found between different medical error taxonomies, suggesting that addressing one can positively impact others. The study highlights the importance of simulation-based education in healthcare for error management and analysis.

• MeSH
• chybná zdravotní péče * prevence a kontrola   klasifikace   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• studium lékařství metody   MeSH
• tréninková simulace metody   MeSH
• zdravotnický personál výchova   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

A good knowledge of the theoretical foundations of medicine helps students and physicians to better recognize and treat patients with complex medical conditions, including sepsis and septic shock. The article describes the authors' experience in implementing the analysis of sepsis and septic shock using a high-fidelity simulated clinical scenario in the course of pathological physiology for preclinical medical students. The unique aspect of our approach is the integration of core physiology concepts, such as homeostasis, causality, structure-function relationships, and fundamental pathophysiology concepts (e.g., etiology, pathogenesis, cell and tissue damage, inflammation, symptoms, and syndromes) in the analysis of the patient's condition on the high-fidelity simulator with preclinical medical students. According to the students' feedback, the use of a high-fidelity simulator to analyze the sepsis and septic shock scenario increased their interest in the class, improved their motivation to learn the material, and helped them adapt in a safe environment to making decisions based on a large amount of data about a complex patient condition in a time-sensitive situation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The authors applied core theoretical concepts of physiology and the fundamental concepts of pathological physiology for teaching sepsis and septic shock clinical scenarios on the high-fidelity simulator in the course of pathological physiology for preclinical medical students. It elevated students' interest and motivation, enhanced the educational experience, and prepared students better for real-world clinical decision-making. We consider that this idea might be an inspiration to colleagues and invite further discussion.

• MeSH
• fyziologie výchova   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• sepse * patofyziologie   terapie   MeSH
• studenti lékařství * MeSH
• studium lékařství pregraduální metody   MeSH
• vyučování MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Článek se zaměřuje na komunikační strategie pro neurology při rozhovoru s pacienty s roztroušenou sklerózou (RS) při zhoršení jejich zdravotního stavu. Sdělování špatných zpráv je obtížné a často nedostatečně pokryté lékařským vzděláním, což může vést k citovému odpoutání lékařů od pacientů a syndromu vyhoření. Cílené školení komunikačních dovedností zlepšuje vztah lékař-pacient. Doporučené komunikační strategie posilující compliance zahrnují: přípravu prostředí, strukturovaný průběh rozhovoru, zjištění informovanosti pacienta, budování terapeutického vztahu, upřímné a empatické sdělení diagnózy, srozumitelnou edukaci o léčebném postupu a využití multidisciplinarity. Zásadní je i péče o vzdělávání lékařů a psychické zdraví týmu.

The article focuses on communication strategies for neurologists when talking to multiple sclerosis (MS) patients as their diagnosis deteriorates. Breaking of bad news is difficult and often insufficiently covered in medical education, which can lead to emotional detachment of physicians from patients and burnout. Targeted communication skills training improves the physician-patient relationship. Recommended communication strategies to enhance the compliance include: preparation of the environment, structured interview process, ascertaining the patient's awareness, building a therapeutic relationship, honest and empathetic communication of the diagnosis, understandable education about the treatment procedure and the use of multidisciplinarity. It is also essential to take care of the physicians education and the team and physicians mental wellbeing.

• MeSH
• adherence pacienta psychologie   MeSH
• duševní zdraví MeSH
• komunikace * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• progrese nemoci * MeSH
• roztroušená skleróza diagnóza   psychologie   MeSH
• směrnice pro lékařskou praxi jako téma MeSH
• vztahy mezi lékařem a pacientem MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

Navzdory existenci mezinárodních smluv a strategických dokumentů zavazujících vzdělávací systém v ČR k umožnění rovného přístupu ke vzdělávání pro každé dítě, je bezdůvodné uvolnění ze školní tělesné výchovy u nás často využívanou realitou. Tato legislativou vytvořená možnost má zásadní negativní konsekvence. Nadužívání uvolňování vede k vytváření bariér v přístupu značné skupiny žáků k pohybovým aktivitám a jejich vyloučení z části vzdělávání zaměřené na pohybový rozvoj v průběhu celého dalšího vzdělávání (tělesná výchova, plavecké a lyžařské kurzy, pohybové soutěže a akce). Žáci, u nichž z důvodů zdravotních limitů je potřeba věnovat somatickému rozvoji zvýšenou pozornost, s inaktivitou pracovat a hledat cesty k celoživotní motivaci, jsou tak vyloučeni nejen z tělesné výchovy, ale často i z dalších akcí školy. Zodpovědnost za rozhodnutí o vzdělávání žáků v tělesné výchově je kladena na lékaře, aniž by tito měli potřebné znalosti současných vzdělávacích norem a standardů a kapacitu pro jednotlivé děti vhodná vzdělávací doporučení vytvářet. I přes dostupnost podpory žáků se speciálními vzdělávacími potřebami, jsou stále více uvolňování z tělesné výchovy žáci s minimálními zdravotními limity. Cílem příspěvku je upozornit na současné uplatňování systému uvolňování z tělesné výchovy ve vztahu k právním aspektům a seznámit odbornou lékařskou veřejnost s možnostmi úprav a postupů v současném systému vzdělávání žáků se ztíženým přístupem k pohybovým aktivitám. Předkládaný příspěvek si dovoluje diskutovat nad některými pasážemi zákona č. 561/2004 Sb., o předškolním, základním, středním, vyšším odborném a jiném vzdělávání, ve znění pozdějších předpisů a s nimi související vyhláškou Ministerstva zdravotnictví České republiky č. 391/2013 Sb., o zdravotní způsobilosti k tělesné výchově a sportu, která si klade za cíl působit preventivně na ochranu zdraví nejen dětí, ale i dospělých v kontextu výkonnostního sportu, ale i volnočasových aktivit a školní tělesné výchovy. Negativně hodnotíme zejména skutečnost, že platné právní normy upravují možnost uvolnění ze školní tělesné výchovy bez nabídky alternativy s cílem podpory žáků při naplnění jejich vzdělávacích povinností.

Despite the existence of international treaties and strategic documents that oblige the education system in the Czech Republic to ensure equal access to education for every child, unjustified exemption from school physical education is a frequently used reality in our country. This possibility created by legislation has serious negative consequences. Excessive use of exemptions leads to the creation of barriers to access to physical activities for a significant group of pupils and to their exclusion from the physical development part of education throughout further education (physical education, swimming and skiing courses, physical competitions and events). Pupils whose health limitations require them to pay increased attention to somatic development, to work with inactivity and to seek ways to achieve lifelong motivation are thus excluded not only from physical education but often also from other school events. Responsibility for making decisions about pupils' physical education is delegated to doctors without the necessary knowledge of current educational norms and standards to be able to make appropriate educational recommendations for individual children. Despite the availability of support for pupils with special educational needs, pupils with minimal medical needs are increasingly being released from physical education. It is this inconsistency in the application of standards in relation to exemption from physical education that is the subject of our criticism. The aim of this paper is to highlight the current application of the system of release from physical education in relation to the legal aspects and to inform the medical professional community about the possibilities of adjustments and procedures in the current system of education of pupils with physical disabilities. The present paper takes the liberty to analyse some passages of Act No. 561/2004 Coll. on pre-school, primary, secondary, higher vocational and other education, as amended, and the related Decree of the Ministry of Health No. 391/2013 Coll. on medical fitness for physical education and sport, the aim of which is to have a preventive effect on the protection of the health of not only children, but also adults in connection with performance sports, as well as leisure activities and school physical education. In particular, we negatively assess the fact that the current legal norms regulate the possibility of release from school physical education without offering an alternative in order to support pupils in fulfilling their educational obligation.

• Klíčová slova
• speciální vzdělávací potřeby,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pohybová aktivita MeSH
• sedavý životní styl MeSH
• tělesná výchova * zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

Cieľom štúdie je poskytnúť informácie o tom, ako vnímajú učitelia a učiteľky základných škôl kvalitu, podmienky a možnosti odborného vzdelávania sa v oblasti výučby zimných športov. Svoje zistenia na vzorke 229 respondentov sme smerovali k tomu, aby sme získali odpoveď najmä na otázky, či sa odlišujú názory mužov a žien k potrebe odbornej vzdelanosti pre vyučovanie zimných športov a aká je ich požiadavka na možnú inováciu učebných materiálov pre vyučovanie zimných športov. Cez štatistickú analýzu (Chí-kvadrát) sme zistili, že sa objavuje významná odlišnosť v prístupe k tejto oblasti medzi učiteľmi a učiteľkami najmä z pohľadu záujmu o ďalšie vzdelávanie, v spôsobe získavania nových informácii a poznatkov a taktiež pri požiadavke na formát študijného materiálu. Z pohľadu požiadavky učiteľov a učiteliek na možnú inováciu učebných materiálov pre vyučovanie zimných športov sme zistili, že sa tu objavila výrazná skupina respondentov (22,94 %), ktorá sa k tejto oblasti stavia negatívne (odpoveď „nepotrebujem“). Samozrejme zvyšná časť učiteľov a učiteliek chcú aby aj v tejto oblasti došlo k inovácii a prezentujú požiadavku aby sa najmä učebné formáty prispôsobili súčasnej modernej informačno-komunikačnej dobe a žiadajú aby sa prenos informácii z obsahu učiva transformoval aj do mobilného prostredia

The aim of the study is to provide information on how primary school teachers perceive the quality, conditions and possibilities of professional education in the field of winter sports teaching. We focused our findings on a sample of 229 respondents in order to obtain an answer to the questions, in particular, whether the opinions of men and women differ regarding the need for professional education for teaching winter sports and what is their demand for a possible innovation of teaching materials for teaching winter sports. Through statistical analysis (Chi-square), we found that there is a significant difference in the approach to this field between male and female teachers, especially from the point of view of interest in further education, in the way of obtaining new information and knowledge, and also in the demand for the format of study material. From the point of view of teachers' requests for a possible innovation of teaching materials for teaching winter sports, we found that there was asignificant group of respondents (22.94 %) who have a negative attitude towards this area (the answer is "I don't need"). Of course, the remaining part of the teachers want innovation to take place in this area as well and they present the demand that the teaching formats in particular be adapted to the current modern information and communication age, and they request that the transfer of information from the content of the curriculum be transformed into a mobile environment.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• sporty na sněhu * klasifikace   výchova   MeSH
• tělesná výchova metody   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• učitelé * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• vyučovací postupy metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• klinická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika MeSH