Integration, which leads to the disruption of the circular HPV genome, is considered as a critical, albeit not obligatory, step in carcinogenic progression. Although cervical carcinomas with extrachromosomal HPV plasmid genomes have been described, the virus is integrated in 70% of HPV16-positive cervical tumours. Limited information is available about HPV integration in head and neck tumours (HNC). In this study, we have characterised the physical status of HPV in a set of tonsillar tumour samples using different methods--the mapping of E2 integration breakpoint at the mRNA level, the 3' RACE based Amplification of Papillomavirus Oncogene Transcripts (APOT) assay and Southern blot. Furthermore, the impact of HPV integration on patients' prognosis has been evaluated in a larger set of 186 patients with head and neck cancer. Based on the analysis of E2 mRNA, HPV was integrated in the host genome in 43% of the HPV-positive samples. Extrachromosomal or mixed form was present in 57%. In fresh frozen samples, the APOT and E2 mapping results were in agreement. The results were confirmed using Southern blotting. Furthermore, the type and exact site of integration were determined. The survival analysis of 186 patients revealed HPV positivity, tumour size and lymph node positivity as factors that influence disease specific survival. However, no statistically significant difference was found in disease specific survival between patients with HPV-positive integrated vs. extrachromosomal/mixed forms of the virus.
- MeSH
- Papillomavirus Infections complications virology MeSH
- Virus Integration genetics MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Head and Neck Neoplasms mortality virology MeSH
- Prognosis MeSH
- Proportional Hazards Models MeSH
- Blotting, Southern MeSH
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell virology MeSH
- Tonsillar Neoplasms virology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
3rd ed. xv, 510 s. : il. ; 25 cm
- MeSH
- Policy Making MeSH
- Publication type
- Monograph MeSH
- Conspectus
- Politika
- NML Fields
- státní správa
Výchozí stav: Integracní platforma je základním technickým prostredkem pro realizaci interoperabilního elektronického zdravotního záznamu (EHR). Cíle: Naším cílem je analýza funkcionálního clenení integracní platformy a jeho vazby na definované úrovne interoperability. Metody: Na modelových prípadech overíme, zda je možné definovat jednoduchou závislost mezi prípady užití EHR a technologickými funkcionalitami integracní platformy. Výsledky: Experimentálne zjistíme, že závislost existuje a lze s ní pracovat. Závery: Výsledky budou diskutovány s ohledem na možnosti zobecnení metody, její praktické používání a další výzkum v této oblasti.
Background: Integration platform is a basic technical tool realizing an interoperable Electronic Health Record (EHR). Objectives: Our goal is an analysis of the integration platform functional structure and its relations to defined interoperability levels. Methods: The existence possibility of a simple dependency between EHR use cases and integration platform technical functions will be tested on the models. Results: The experiments will result into a proof of existence of this dependency and into a possibility to work with it. Conclusions: The results will be discussed according to opportunity to generalize this method, to use it practically and develop further research in this domain.
- Keywords
- integrační platforma, integrační vzor,
- MeSH
- Information Systems * MeSH
- Medical Informatics MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Reference Standards MeSH
- Records * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
The autonomous transcription of integrated retroviruses strongly depends on genetic and epigenetic effects of the chromatin at the site of integration. These effects are mostly suppressive and proviral activity can be finally silenced by mechanisms, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications. To address the role of the integration site at the whole-genome-scale, we performed clonal analysis of provirus silencing with an avian leucosis/sarcoma virus-based reporter vector and correlated the transcriptional silencing with the epigenomic landscape of respective integrations. We demonstrate efficient provirus silencing in human HCT116 cell line, which is strongly but not absolutely dependent on the de novo DNA methyltransferase activity, particularly of Dnmt3b. Proviruses integrated close to the transcription start sites of active genes into the regions enriched in H3K4 trimethylation display long-term stability of expression and are resistant to the transcriptional silencing after over-expression of Dnmt3a or Dnmt3b. In contrast, proviruses in the intergenic regions tend to spontaneous transcriptional silencing even in Dnmt3a(-/-) Dnmt3b(-/-) cells. The silencing of proviruses within genes is accompanied with DNA methylation of long terminal repeats, whereas silencing in intergenic regions is DNA methylation-independent. These findings indicate that the epigenomic features of integration sites are crucial for their permissivity to the proviral expression.
- MeSH
- Alpharetrovirus genetics MeSH
- DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases genetics metabolism MeSH
- Epigenesis, Genetic MeSH
- Transcription, Genetic MeSH
- Virus Integration MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- DNA Methylation MeSH
- Cell Line, Tumor MeSH
- Proviruses genetics MeSH
- Gene Silencing MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
2nd ed. xix, 736 s., il. + 1 CD-ROM
- Conspectus
- Obecná genetika. Obecná cytogenetika. Evoluce
- NML Fields
- genetika, lékařská genetika
- biologie
... Health policy analysis -- Mechanics -- Policy background section -- Statement of policy issue section ... ... -- Normative values and stakeholder analysis -- Criteria for success section -- Systematic review of ... ... Health Policy Analysis 1 -- Politics and Policy 1 The Policy-Making Process 3 Health and Health Policy ... ... and Production Efficiency 13 Types of Efficiency Studies 14 -- Equity 16 -- Integrative Frameworks 17 ... ... Normative Values and Stakeholder Analysis 89 -- The Role of Values 89 Stakeholder Analysis 104 Summary ...
xviii, 215 stran : ilustrace ; 23 cm
- MeSH
- Pediatric Obesity MeSH
- Policy Making MeSH
- Health Policy MeSH
- Publication type
- Textbook MeSH
- Geographicals
- United States MeSH
- Conspectus
- Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
- NML Fields
- veřejné zdravotnictví
- pediatrie
Monographs. 24, ISSN 0027-8874 Monographs
28 s. ; 30 cm
Lecture notes in computer science ; 3337
xi, 508 stran
- MeSH
- Data Analysis MeSH
- Publication type
- Congress MeSH
- Collected Work MeSH
- Conspectus
- Biologické vědy
- NML Fields
- lékařská informatika
Systém kognitivní, resp. kognitivně-behaviorální terapie (KBT) lze na teoretické úrovni kompatibilně integrovat s interpretačním modelem transakční analýzy (TA). Dysfunkční kognitivních procesy, kognitivní omyly a katastrofické scénáře lze chápat jako funkce zejména ego stavu "podřízeného Dítěte". Maladaptivní kognitivní schémata se vytváří především v dětství, v důsledku nepříznivých "nahrávek" stavů ega "Dítěte", "Rodiče" a interakcí mezi nimi. Vliv mají životní traumata. Hlavním integračním činitelem v rámci terapeutické procedury může být stav ega "Dospělého", který vystupuje jako prostředník tzv. dovolení nebo tzv. kognitivní restrukturalizace. Asertivní jednání lze určit jako kooperaci stavů ega "přirozeného Dítěte" a "Dospělého".
The system of cognitive, if you like cognitive-behaviour therapy (CBT) is theoretically integrable with interpretative model of transactional analyse (TA). Dysfunctional cognitive processes, cognitive mistakes and catastrophic scenarios can be a function especially of "inferior Child" as a status of ego. Maladaptive cognitive schemes are created primarily in childhood, by unfavourable "recordings" of statuses ego of "Child", "Parent ´´and interactions between them. Living shocks are influential too. Main integrative factor in terms of therapeutic procedure can be ego status of "Adult" which is a middleman of so-called permission and cognitive reclassification. Assertivity can be determined by ego statuses of "free Child" and "Adult".
