interactive reporting
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Background: The beginning of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic dates back to December 31, 2019, when the first cases were reported in the People's Republic of China. In the Czech Republic, the first three cases of infection with the novel coronavirus were confirmed on March 1, 2020. The joint effort of state authorities and researchers gave rise to a unique team, which combines methodical knowledge of real-world processes with the know-how needed for effective processing, analysis, and online visualization of data. Objective: Due to an urgent need for a tool that presents important reports based on valid data sources, a team of government experts and researchers focused on the design and development of a web app intended to provide a regularly updated overview of COVID-19 epidemiology in the Czech Republic to the general population. Methods: The cross-industry standard process for data mining model was chosen for the complex solution of analytical processing and visualization of data that provides validated information on the COVID-19 epidemic across the Czech Republic. Great emphasis was put on the understanding and a correct implementation of all six steps (business understanding, data understanding, data preparation, modelling, evaluation, and deployment) needed in the process, including the infrastructure of a nationwide information system; the methodological setting of communication channels between all involved stakeholders; and data collection, processing, analysis, validation, and visualization. Results: The web-based overview of the current spread of COVID-19 in the Czech Republic has been developed as an online platform providing a set of outputs in the form of tables, graphs, and maps intended for the general public. On March 12, 2020, the first version of the web portal, containing fourteen overviews divided into five topical sections, was released. The web portal's primary objective is to publish a well-arranged visualization and clear explanation of basic information consisting of the overall numbers of performed tests, confirmed cases of COVID-19, COVID-19-related deaths, the daily and cumulative overviews of people with a positive COVID-19 case, performed tests, location and country of infection of people with a positive COVID-19 case, hospitalizations of patients with COVID-19, and distribution of personal protective equipment. Conclusions: The online interactive overview of the current spread of COVID-19 in the Czech Republic was launched on March 11, 2020, and has immediately become the primary communication channel employed by the health care sector to present the current situation regarding the COVID-19 epidemic. This complex reporting of the COVID-19 epidemic in the Czech Republic also shows an effective way to interconnect knowledge held by various specialists, such as regional and national methodology experts (who report positive cases of the disease on a daily basis), with knowledge held by developers of central registries, analysts, developers of web apps, and leaders in the health care sector.
- Klíčová slova
- webová aplikace,
- MeSH
- analýza dat MeSH
- Betacoronavirus MeSH
- COVID-19 * MeSH
- data mining * MeSH
- epidemie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- hlášení nemocí MeSH
- informační systémy * MeSH
- koronavirové infekce * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
V návaznosti na statistické aspekty dávkování léčiv v náhodné práškové směsi jsou shrnuty vlastnostinenáhodných směsí mikronizovaných léčivých látek s pomocnými látkami řádově většíhorozměru částic. Literární přehled je zaměřen především k podmínkám vzniku interaktivním směsí,možnostem přesnějšího dávkování malých množství léčivých látek a omezení rizika oddělováníuspořádaných jednotek směsi (ordered unit). Z technologického hlediska jsou interaktivní směsiaktuální především pro přímé lisování tablet a dávkování mikronizovaného léčiva v práškovýchinhalátorech. Z teoretického hlediska jsou zajímavé poznatky o dočasném zvýšení rozpustnostiněkterých léčivých látek po vzniku amorfního povrchu při dlouhodobém míchání interaktivníchpráškových směsí.
Linking up with the statistical aspects of dosing the active ingredient in the randompowdermixture,the properties of non-random mixtures of micronized active ingredients with auxiliary substancesof the particle size larger by an order are summed up. The review of literature aims to report theconditions of the development of interactive mixtures, possible more precise dosing of small amountsof active ingredients, and limitation of the risk of ordered unit segregation. From the technologicalstandpoint, interactive mixtures are relevant primarily for direct compression of tablets and dosingof the micronized active ingredient in dry powder inhalers.From the theoretical standpoint, the dataconcerning a temporary increase in the solubility of some active ingredients after the developmentof an amorphous surface during long-term mixing of interactive powder mixtures are of interest.
This contribution reports the design, synthesis and photochemical properties of a novel cationic, water soluble, β-cyclodextrin (βCD) conjugate integrating an anthracene moiety and a nitroaniline derivative within the primary side of the βCD scaffold. Photoinduced energy transfer between the anthracene and the nitroaniline chromophores effectively suppresses the fluorescence of the anthracene unit. Excitation with visible light triggers the release of nitric oxide (NO) from the nitroaniline chromophore, accompanied to the concomitant revival of the anthracene fluorescence, which acts as an optical reporter for detecting the amount of the NO released. Furthermore, the anthracene moiety photogenerates singlet oxygen (1O2) sequentially to NO release. The conjugate is also able to accommodate hydrophobic guests within the βCD cavity, as proven by using naphthalene as a model compound. In view of the key role NO and1O2play as anticancer and antibacterial species, the present βCD derivative represents an intriguing candidate for further studies in biopharmaceutical research addressed to multimodal therapeutic applications.
Elektronický zubní kříž vychází z techniky softwarového a datového inženýrství aplikovaného do oblasti tvorby informačních systémů ve stomatologii. Inovační technologie umožňuje přehledné uchovávání, zadávání a vyhodnocování podrobných informací o stavu chrupu pacienta s detaily zaznamenanými o každém jednotlivém zubu. Technologie může být s výhodou využita pro tvorbu elektronického zdravotního záznamu, nemocničního či klinického informačního systému.Na kazuistickém sděleních předkládáme aplikace elektronického zubního kříže v praxi.
Many different investments háve gone into hospital information systems worldwide. When those systems are evaluated, most of them do not meet clinicians' needs. To address the shortcomings EuroMISE Centre has developed an electronic health record (EHR) application MUDRLite, which can be customized to needs of a particular health care provider. To address the shortcomings especially in dental medicíně we háve brought together a unique cross-disciplinary collaborative group of computer scientists, statisticians, software developers, and clinicians, from the Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Computer Science, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and the Department of Prosthodontics of the Charles University in Prague, lst Medical Faculty, to collaborate on research and development with the prevailing goal of providing consistency in electronic recording, archiving, analyzing and disseminating of dental medicíně data. A highly-advanced MUDRLite component implementing the interactive dental cross represents one of the results of the joined effort. The data model of this component originates in a technology called "Dental Medicíně Data Structuring Technology Using a Dental Cross". This technology was enrolled as a patent application form under the No. PV 2005-229. Using the dental cross component a dentist can choose among about 60 different actions, treatment procedu-res or dental parameters that are displayed lucidly on the screen. The components support typical clinical workf-lows including treatment of primary and secondary caries, fillings, pulp pathology etc. It combines a treatment pian with an interactive calendar that enables to schedule patients' visits and treatments. The interactive dental cross analysis was prepared in a form of a čase report. Information record in a graphic structure accelerates dentisťs decision-making and it enables a more complex view while suggesting a treatment pian.
- MeSH
- chorobopisy - počítačové systémy MeSH
- diagnóza stomatologická MeSH
- financování vládou MeSH
- lékařská elektronika metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- software MeSH
- zuby MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- MeSH
- chorobopisy MeSH
- ergometrie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- interpretace statistických dat MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- plyny analýza MeSH
- respirační funkční testy metody přístrojové vybavení statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- software trendy MeSH
- tělovýchovné lékařství metody trendy MeSH
- vydechnutí fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
The authors developed an improved version of their own software application: a medical report which enables interactive assessment of spiroergometric data. The improvement consists in automatic exporting data from the Kardiospirox (respiratory gas analyser) software to the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. From now on, it is not necessary to enter the spiroergometric data once more. Time which is necessary to complete the interactive medical report is reduced only to one half.
- MeSH
- chorobopisy statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- kardiovaskulární fyziologické jevy MeSH
- lékařská počítačová informatika statistika a číselné údaje využití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- plyny analýza MeSH
- spirometrie metody přístrojové vybavení využití MeSH
- tělovýchovné lékařství metody přístrojové vybavení statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- vydechnutí fyziologie MeSH
- výměna plynů v plicích fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
UNLABELLED: The aim of the study was to identify the reasons for medication administration errors, describe the barriers in their reporting and estimate the number of reported medication administration errors. BACKGROUND: Providing quality and safe healthcare is a key priority for all health systems. Medication administration error belongs to the more common mistakes committed in nursing practice. Prevention of medication administration errors must therefore be an integral part of nursing education. DESIGN: A descriptive and cross-sectional design was used for this study. METHODS: Sociological representative research was carried out using the standardized Medication Administration Error Survey. The research study involved 1205 nurses working in hospitals in the Czech Republic. Field surveys were carried out in September and October 2021. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's and Chi-square automatic interaction detection were used to analyze the data. The STROBE guideline was used. RESULTS: Among the most frequent causes of medication administration errors belong name (4.1 ± 1.4) and packaging similarity between different drugs (3.7 ± 1.4), the substitution of brand drugs by cheaper generics (3.6 ± 1.5), frequent interruptions during the preparation and administration of drugs (3.6 ± 1.5) and illegible medical records (3.5 ± 1.5). Not all medication administration errors are reported by nurses. The reasons for non-reporting of such errors include fear of being blamed for a decline in patient health (3.5 ± 1.5), fear of negative feelings from patients or family towards the nurse or legal liability (3.5 ± 1.6) and repressive responses by hospital management (3.3 ± 1.5). Most nurses (two-thirds) stated that less than 20 % of medication administration errors were reported. Older nurses reported statistically significantly fewer medication administration errors concerning non-intravenous drugs than younger nurses (p < 0.001). At the same time, nurses with more clinical experience (≥ 21 years) give significantly lower estimates of medication administration errors than nurses with less clinical practice (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Patient safety training should take place at all levels of nursing education. The standardized Medication Administration Error survey is useful for clinical practice managers. It allows for the identification of medication administration error causes and offers preventive and corrective measures that can be implemented. Measures to reduce medication administration errors include developing a non-punitive adverse event reporting system, introducing electronic prescriptions of medicines, involving clinical pharmacists in the pharmacotherapy process and providing nurses with regular comprehensive training.
OBJECTIVE: Research on helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) in major incidents is predominately based on case descriptions reported in a heterogeneous fashion. Uniform data reported with a consensus-based template could facilitate the collection, analysis, and exchange of experiences. This type of database presently exists for major incident reporting at www.majorincidentreporting.net. This study aimed to develop a HEMS-specific major incident template. METHODS: This Delphi study included 17 prehospital critical care physicians with current or previous HEMS experience. All participants interacted through e-mail. We asked these experts to define data variables and rank which were most important to report during an immediate prehospital medical response to a major incident. Five rounds were conducted. RESULTS: In the first round, the experts suggested 98 variables. After 5 rounds, 21 variables were determined by consensus. These variables were formatted in a template with 4 main categories: HEMS background information, the major incident characteristics relevant to HEMS, the HEMS response to the major incident, and the key lessons learned. CONCLUSION: Based on opinions from European experts, we established a consensus-based template for reporting on HEMS responses to major incidents. This template will facilitate uniformity in the collection, analysis, and exchange of experience.
- MeSH
- delfská metoda MeSH
- faktografické databáze MeSH
- konsensus * MeSH
- lékaři MeSH
- letecká záchranná služba * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- urgentní zdravotnické služby MeSH
- výzkumná zpráva normy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
In this article the authors discuss the problem faced by physicians when trying to use moisture-retentive dressing in pressure sores (decubitus ulcers). First, they report the results of an in vitro study using a new model of experimental wound (radio-isotopic investigation) that assesses the release of Ringer's solution from interactive dressings continually during fourteen hours. Second, they perform an animal experiment that assesses the incidence of wound infection in defects treated conventionally or using interactive dressings. The defects treated with interactive pads had lower incidence of wound infection, and the process of wound healing was rapid. Finally, the authors discuss their experience in four paraplegic patients with decubitus ulcers where they used moisture-retentive dressing on ulcers and on the surrounding intact skin before surgical procedure to detect the possibility of maceration of healthy skin. Histological evaluation was performed in order to find microscopically changes after moisture healing. The changes of healthy skin were not significant after treatment of moisture-retentive dressings.
OBJECTIVES: Our main objective is to design a method of, and supporting software for, interactive correction and semantic annotation of narrative clinical reports, which would allow for their easier and less erroneous processing outside their original context: first, by physicians unfamiliar with the original language (and possibly also the source specialty), and second, by tools requiring structured information, such as decision-support systems. Our additional goal is to gain insights into the process of narrative report creation, including the errors and ambiguities arising therein, and also into the process of report annotation by clinical terms. Finally, we also aim to provide a dataset of ground-truth transformations (specific for Czech as the source language), set up by expert physicians, which can be reused in the future for subsequent analytical studies and for training automated transformation procedures. METHODS: A three-phase preprocessing method has been developed to support secondary use of narrative clinical reports in electronic health record. Narrative clinical reports are narrative texts of healthcare documentation often stored in electronic health records. In the first phase a narrative clinical report is tokenized. In the second phase the tokenized clinical report is normalized. The normalized clinical report is easily readable for health professionals with the knowledge of the language used in the narrative clinical report. In the third phase the normalized clinical report is enriched with extracted structured information. The final result of the third phase is a semi-structured normalized clinical report where the extracted clinical terms are matched to codebook terms. Software tools for interactive correction, expansion and semantic annotation of narrative clinical reports has been developed and the three-phase preprocessing method validated in the cardiology area. RESULTS: The three-phase preprocessing method was validated on 49 anonymous Czech narrative clinical reports in the field of cardiology. Descriptive statistics from the database of accomplished transformations has been calculated. Two cardiologists participated in the annotation phase. The first cardiologist annotated 1500 clinical terms found in 49 narrative clinical reports to codebook terms using the classification systems ICD 10, SNOMED CT, LOINC and LEKY. The second cardiologist validated annotations of the first cardiologist. The correct clinical terms and the codebook terms have been stored in a database. CONCLUSIONS: We extracted structured information from Czech narrative clinical reports by the proposed three-phase preprocessing method and linked it to electronic health records. The software tool, although generic, is tailored for Czech as the specific language of electronic health record pool under study. This will provide a potential etalon for porting this approach to dozens of other less-spoken languages. Structured information can support medical decision making, quality assurance tasks and further medical research.
- MeSH
- elektronické zdravotní záznamy normy MeSH
- mezinárodní klasifikace nemocí MeSH
- psaní normy MeSH
- řízený slovník * MeSH
- sémantika * MeSH
- směrnice jako téma MeSH
- smysluplné využití normy MeSH
- software MeSH
- správnost dat MeSH
- strojové učení * MeSH
- uživatelské rozhraní počítače MeSH
- zpracování přirozeného jazyka * MeSH
- zpracování textu normy MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
