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The 2024 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines for chronic kidney disease (CKD) evaluation and management bring important updates, particularly for European laboratories. These guidelines emphasize the need for harmonization in CKD testing, promoting the use of regional equations. In Europe, the European Kidney Function Consortium (EKFC) equation is particularly suited for European populations, particularly compared to the CKD-EPI 2021 race-free equation. A significant focus is placed on the combined use of creatinine and cystatin C to estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFRcr-cys), improving diagnostic accuracy. In situations where eGFR may be inaccurate or clinically insufficient, the guidelines encourage the use of measured GFR (mGFR) through exogenous markers like iohexol. These guidelines emphasize the need to standardize creatinine and cystatin C measurements, ensure traceability to international reference materials, and adopt harmonized reporting practices. The recommendations also highlight the importance of incorporating risk prediction models, such as the Kidney Failure Risk Equation (KFRE), into routine clinical practice to better tailor patient care. This article provides a European perspective on how these KDIGO updates should be implemented in clinical laboratories to enhance CKD diagnosis and management, ensuring consistency across the continent.
- MeSH
- chronická renální insuficience * diagnóza terapie MeSH
- cystatin C krev MeSH
- hodnoty glomerulární filtrace * MeSH
- klinické laboratoře MeSH
- kreatinin krev MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- směrnice pro lékařskou praxi jako téma * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
INTRODUCTION: The main goal of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) screening is to enable delivery in an expert center in the presence of an experienced team at an appropriate time. Our study aimed to identify independent risk factors for emergency deliveries within the IS-PAS 2.0 database cohort and establish a multivariate predictive model. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected PAS cases from the IS-PAS database between January 2020 and June 2022 by 23 international expert centers was performed. All PAS cases (singleton and multiple pregnancies) managed according to local protocols were included. Individuals with emergent delivery were identified and compared to those with scheduled delivery. A multivariate analysis was conducted to identify the possible risk factors for emergency delivery and was used to establish a predictive model. Maternal outcomes were compared. RESULTS: Overall, 315 women were included in the study. Of these, 182 participants (89 with emergent and 93 with scheduled delivery) were included in the final analysis after exclusion of those with unsuspected PAS antenatally or who lacked information about the urgency of delivery. Gestational age at delivery was higher in the scheduled group (34.7 vs. 32.9, p < 0.001). Antenatal bleeding (OR 2.9, p = 0.02) and a placenta located over a uterine scar (OR 0.38, p = 0.001) were the independent predictive factors for emergent delivery (AUC 0.68). Ultrasound (US) markers: loss of clear zone (p = 0.001), placental lacunae (p = 0.01), placental bulge (p = 0.02), and presence of bridging vessels (p = 0.02) were more frequently documented in the scheduled group. None of these markers improved the predictive values of the model. Higher PAS grades were identified in the scheduled group (p = 0.01). There were no significant differences in maternal outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Antenatal bleeding and the placental location away from the uterine scar remained the most significant predictors for emergent delivery among patients with PAS, even when combining more predictive risk factors, including US markers. Based on these results, patients who bleed antenatally may benefit from transfer to an expert center, as we found no differences in maternal outcomes between groups delivered in expert centers. Earlier-scheduled delivery is not supported due to the low predictive value of our model.
- MeSH
- císařský řez * statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- náhlé příhody MeSH
- placenta accreta * diagnóza MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- vedení porodu * statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to validate the Sargent risk stratification algorithm for the prediction of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) severity using data collected from multiple centers and using the multicenter data to improve the model. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a multicenter analysis using data collected for the IS-PAS database. The Sargent model's effectiveness in distinguishing between abnormally adherent placenta (FIGO grade 1) and abnormally invasive placenta (FIGO grades 2 and 3) was evaluated. A new model was developed using multicenter data from the IS-PAS database. RESULTS: The database included 315 cases of suspected PAS, of which 226 had fully documented standardized ultrasound signs. The final diagnosis was normal placentation in 5, abnormally adherent placenta/FIGO grade 1 in 43, and abnormally invasive placenta/FIGO grades 2 and 3 in 178. The external validation of the Sargent model revealed moderate predictive accuracy in a multicenter setting (C-index 0.68), compared to its higher accuracy in a single-center context (C-index 0.90). The newly developed model achieved a C-index of 0.74. CONCLUSIONS: The study underscores the difficulty in developing universally applicable PAS prediction models. While models like that of Sargent et al. show promise, their reproducibility varies across settings, likely due to the interpretation of the ultrasound signs. The findings support the need for updating the current ultrasound descriptors and for the development of any new predictive models to use data collected by different operators in multiple clinical settings.
- MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- placenta accreta * diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ultrasonografie prenatální * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- validační studie MeSH
Cíl: Naším cílem bylo zhodnotit využitelnost hladiny kisspeptinu (KP) v séru, měřeného v I. trimestru (11–14 týdnu), jako nového biomarkeru, který může predikovat prenatální komplikace. Materiály a metody: Prospektivní případová kontrolní studie prospektivně shromážděných dat. Vzorky krve všech pacientek (n = 124) byly uchovány při –70 °C pro stanovení hladin KP-10 a KP-54 v séru. Byly stanoveny a srovnány hladiny KP u žen, u kterých došlo ke komplikacím vč. retardace růstu plodu (FGR – fetal growth retardation), těhotenstvím indukované hypertenze (PIH – pregnancy-induced hypertension), předčasného porodu, gestačního diabetu a úmrtí plodu. Kontrolní skupinu tvořily odpovídající subjekty, které dokončily těhotenství bez problémů. Byl zkoumán prediktivní účinek hladiny KP v séru na nepříznivé výsledky těhotenství. Výsledky: Mezi všemi pacientkami s nepříznivými výsledky těhotenství byla hladina KP-10 významně vyšší u těch, u kterých došlo k FGR (p = 0,025). V kohortě pacientek postižených těhotenstvím indukovanou hypertenzí (PIH), buď samotnou nebo doprovázenou preeklampsií, byla zaznamenána tendence k vyšším hladinám KP-10 (p = 0,059), ačkoli nebylo dosaženo statistické významnosti. Nicméně pokud jde o KP-10, vypočtená cutoff hodnota a plocha pod křivkou (AUC – area under the curve) pro predikci nástupu FGR byly statisticky významné (AUC: 0,684; p = 0,006). Bylo zjištěno, že model vytvořený s KP-10, PIH a plazmatickým proteinem A spojeným s těhotenstvím (PAPP-A) je významný při predikci vývoje FGR (p = 0,006; NPV: 98 %; PPV: 21,4 %; OR: 0,10; 95% CI 0,016–0,611). Závěry: Hladiny KP v séru matky v I. trimestru mohou být využity jako biomarker v I. trimestru, který může predikovat vývoj FGR.
Objective: We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of serum kisspeptin (KP), measured in the 1st trimester (11–14 weeks), as a new biomarker that can predict antenatal complications. Materials and methods: A prospective case-control study of prospectively collected data. Blood samples of all patients (N = 124) were preserved at –70 °C for the assessment of serum KP-10 and KP-54 levels. The KP levels were analyzed for comparison among women who experienced complications including fetal growth retardation (FGR), pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), preterm delivery, gestational diabetes, and fetal death. The control group consisted of matching subjects who completed their pregnancies without problems. The predictive effect of serum KP on adverse pregnancy outcomes was investigated. Results: Among all adverse pregnancy outcomes, the KP-10 level was significantly higher in patients who developed FGR (P = 0.025). In the patient cohort affected by PIH, either accompanied by preeclampsia or standalone, there was a trend towards higher KP-10 levels (P = 0.059), although statistical significance was not achieved. However, regarding KP-10, the calculated cut-off value and the area under the curve (AUC) for predicting the onset of FGR were statistically significant (AUC: 0.684; P = 0.006). The model established with KP-10, PIH, and pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) was found to be significant in predicting the development of FGR (P = 0.006; NPV: 98%; PPV: 21.4%; OR: 0.10; 95% CI 0.016–0.611). Conclusions: First trimester maternal serum KP levels may have the potential to be used as a 1st trimester biomarker that can predict the development of FGR.
BACKGROUND/AIM: This study investigated the therapeutic potential of lipophosphonoxin (LPPO), an antibacterial agent, loaded into polycaprolactone nanofiber dressings (NANO-LPPO) for full-thickness wound healing. Using a porcine model, we aimed to assess the impact of areal weight of the dressing (10, 20 and 30 g/m2) on wound-healing outcomes and validate findings from previous murine studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Full-thickness wounds were created on porcine skin and treated with the NANO-LPPO dressings of differing thickness. Positive control (Aquacel Ag+) and standard control (Jelonet) groups were included for comparison. Wound-healing progression was evaluated macroscopically and on the histological level. RESULTS: Macroscopic observations indicated no signs of infection in any group, with wounds covered by scabs by day 14. Thicker dressings (areal weights of 30 and 20 g/m2) demonstrated superior performance in promoting the formation of granulation tissue and healing compared to the thinner version (areal weight of 10 g/m2). LPPO-loading enhanced scaffold wettability and biodegradability without impairing healing outcomes. Both control groups exhibited similar healing characteristics. CONCLUSION: The findings underscore the importance of optimizing dressing thickness for effective wound healing. NANO-LPPO dressings exhibit translational potential as a therapeutic option for full-thickness wounds, warranting further preclinical and regulatory evaluation to support clinical application.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie aplikace a dávkování chemie MeSH
- hojení ran * účinky léků MeSH
- kůže účinky léků patologie MeSH
- lipoxiny * chemie farmakologie aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- nanovlákna * chemie MeSH
- obvazy * MeSH
- polyestery * chemie MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
In vitro dissolution testing is commonly performed to ensure that oral solid dosage medicines are of high quality and will achieve their targeted in vivo performance. However, this testing is time and material consuming. Therefore, pharmaceutical companies have been developing predictive dissolution models (PDMs) for drug product release based on fast at- and/or on-line measurements, including real-time release testing of dissolution (RTRT-D). Recently, PDMs have seen acceptance by major regulatory bodies as release tests for the dissolution critical quality attribute. In this paper, several methodologies are described to develop and validate a fit-for-purpose model, then to implement it as a surrogate release test for dissolution. These approaches are further exemplified by real-life case studies, which demonstrate that PDMs for release are not only viable but more sustainable than in vitro dissolution testing and can significantly accelerate drug product release. The rise of continuous manufacturing within the pharmaceutical industry further favors the implementation of real-time release testing. Therefore, a steep uptake of PDMs for release is expected once this methodology is globally accepted. To that end, it is advantageous for global regulators and pharmaceutical innovators to coalesce around a harmonized set of expectations for development, validation, implementation, and lifecycle of PDMs as part of drug product release testing.
- MeSH
- aplikace orální MeSH
- farmaceutická chemie metody MeSH
- léčivé přípravky chemie aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- příprava léků MeSH
- rozpustnost MeSH
- schvalování léčiv MeSH
- uvolňování léčiv * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
... Další modely as-a-service 163 -- 2. Otázka udělení licence 164 -- 3. SaaS a FOSS licence 165 -- 4. ... ... Přípravné a koncepční materiály jako součást počítačového programu: je nutné k výsledkům analýzy poskytnout ... ... Waterfall model 191 -- 2. Agilní vývoj.192 -- 3. ...
Právní praxe
2. vydání xix, 305 stran ; 23 cm
Příručka, která se zaměřuje na současné české právo, které se týká licencování, nákupu a prodeje softwaru. Určeno odborné veřejnosti.; Publikace slouží jako komplexní průvodce softwarovými smlouvami pro právníky, IT manažery, obchodní manažery a odborníky z technologického sektoru. Text systematicky představuje osvědčené smluvní formulace vhodné jak pro objednatele, tak pro dodavatele softwaru, a současně upozorňuje na častá pochybení v praxi.
- Klíčová slova
- obchodní právo,
- MeSH
- autorské právo zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- licence zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- obchod zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- právní odpovědnost MeSH
- smlouvy zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- software ekonomika zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- zákonodárství jako téma MeSH
- Publikační typ
- příručky MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) may be as high as 38% in the adult population with potential serious complications, multiple comorbidities and a high socioeconomic burden. However, there is a general lack of awareness and knowledge about MASLD and its progressive stages (metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and fibrosis). Therefore, MASLD is still far underdiagnosed. The 'Global Research Initiative for Patient Screening on MASH' (GRIPonMASH) consortium focuses on this unmet public health need. GRIPonMASH will help (primary) healthcare providers to implement a patient care pathway, as recommended by multiple scientific societies, to identify patients at risk of severe MASLD and to raise awareness. Furthermore, GRIPonMASH will contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of MASLD and improved identification of diagnostic and prognostic markers to detect individuals at risk. METHODS: This is a prospective multicentre observational study in which 10 000 high-risk patients (type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome or hypertension) will be screened in 10 European countries using at least two non-invasive tests (Fibrosis-4 index and FibroScan). Blood samples and liver biopsy material will be collected and biobanked, and multiomics analyses will be conducted. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study will be conducted in compliance with this protocol and applicable national and international regulatory requirements. The study initiation package is submitted at the local level. The study protocol has been approved by local medical ethical committees in all 10 participating countries. Results will be made public and published in scientific, peer-reviewed, international journals and at international conferences. REGISTRATION DETAILS: NCT05651724, registration date: 15 Dec 2022.
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu komplikace MeSH
- jaterní cirhóza diagnóza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metabolický syndrom komplikace MeSH
- multicentrické studie jako téma MeSH
- nealkoholová steatóza jater * diagnóza MeSH
- plošný screening * metody MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- výzkumný projekt MeSH
- ztučnělá játra * diagnóza epidemiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- protokol klinické studie MeSH
... Týmyvevývoji 80 -- 2.3.1 Vývojové fáze týmu podle Tuckmana 80 -- 2.3.2 Kritika fázických anebo stadiálních modelů ... ... 153 -- 5.2.2 Paralelní procesy v supervizi jako cesta k reflexi neuvědomovaného 157 -- 5.3 Procesní modely ... ... v supervizi 163 -- 5.3.1 Modely, které popisují, co v supervizi kdy děláme: dílčí supervizní procesy ... ... a činnosti 163 -- 5.3.2 Modely, které popisují, na co v supervizi zaměřujeme pozornost: osoby, vztahy ... ... , souvislosti, procesy 167 -- 5.3.3 Kolegiálni model supervize: jak propojit teorii s praxí a proces ...
2., přepracované vydání 387 stran : ilustrace ; 24 cm
Publikace se zaměřuje na podoby týmové supervize v organizacích a profesích. Určeno odborné veřejnosti.; Týmová supervize vychází téměř po deseti letech jako druhé, přepracované vydání úspěšného titulu z roku 2016. Oproti prvnímu vydání se rozšířily zvláště kapitoly o vztazích a supervizních modelech. Do dynamického týmového dění autoři vnášejí reflektující nadhled a vědomí rozmanitých kontextů. Zachovávají přitom osvědčený trojúhelníkový model 3×3: Věnují se nejprve trojici organizačních (společenských), týmových a supervizních souvislostí, v jejichž rámci se supervize odehrává. Zaměření reflexe, tedy účel týmové supervize, zkoumají v trojici Cíle (Proč supervidovat?), Procesy (Co supervidovat?) a Vztahy (Jak supervidovat?). Malý i velký supervizní oblouk přibližují přes trojici kontraktování, intervenování a hodnocení. Autoři se snaží vyvažovat českou supervizní tradici a nové směry rozvoje včetně důrazu na reflexivitu, rozmanitost, kulturní pokoru a udržitelnost. Vnímají týmy i supervizi jako prostředí demokratických hodnot, o něž stojí za to usilovat dnes i v budoucnu.
- MeSH
- interpersonální vztahy MeSH
- organizace a řízení MeSH
- organizace MeSH
- školitelé MeSH
- zaměstnání MeSH
- Publikační typ
- monografie MeSH
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of two spine models: the broken curve model and a new four tangent circles model. The modification concerns the adaptation of data acquisition to kinematic methods used in, e.g., gait and running analysis. METHOD: Plastic, movable spine model of human with flexible intervertebral disks (manufactured by Erler Zimmer GE3014) was used as the study material. Markers with a diameter of 5 mm were glued to each spinous process (from C7 to L5). The recording was performed with a 6-camera Vicon system. Two spine models were created: a broken curve model used, among others, in the Diers scanner, and an own model of 4 circles, similar to the model of circles used in X-ray and CT analysis. RESULTS: The errors in the position of the spinous processes were significantly smaller in the 4-circle model than in the broken curve model. They ranged from 0.01 to 6.5 mm in the lumbar section, from 0.004 to 3.1 mm in the thoracic section. The practical possibilities of using the four-circle model during the cinematographic analysis of gait and run should be checked. CONCLUSION: The four-circle model is more accurate than the broken curve model and can be used in the cinematographic analysis of the human spine movement.