processing environment
Dotaz
Zobrazit nápovědu
elektronický časopis
- Konspekt
- Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
- NLK Obory
- environmentální vědy
- sociologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- elektronické časopisy
2nd ed. xviii, 826 s. : il. ; 25 cm
- MeSH
- diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- počítačové zpracování obrazu MeSH
- Publikační typ
- příručky MeSH
- Konspekt
- Speciální počítačové metody. Počítačová grafika
- NLK Obory
- lékařská informatika
Biofilm formation (BF) and production in the food processing industry (FPI) is a continual threat to food safety and quality. Various bacterial pathogens possess the ability to adhere and produce biofilms on stainless steel (SS) in the FPI due to flagella, curli, pili, fimbrial adhesins, extra polymeric substances, and surface proteins. The facilitating environmental conditions (temperature, pressure, variations in climatic conditions), SS properties (surface energy, hydrophobicity, surface roughness, topography), type of raw food materials, pre-processing, and processing conditions play a significant role in the enhancement of bacterial adhesion and favorable condition for BF. Furthermore, biofilm formers can tolerate different sanitizers and cleaning agents due to the constituents, concentration, contact time, bacterial cluster distribution, and composition of bacteria within the biofilm. Also, bacterial biofilms' ability to produce various endotoxins and exotoxins when consumed cause food infections and intoxications with serious health implications. It is thus crucial to understand BF's repercussions and develop effective interventions against these phenomena that make persistent pathogens difficult to remove in the food processing environment.
- MeSH
- bakteriální adheze MeSH
- bakteriální infekce prevence a kontrola přenos MeSH
- biofilmy * růst a vývoj MeSH
- dezinfekce MeSH
- fyziologie bakterií * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- manipulace s potravinami * přístrojové vybavení normy MeSH
- nerezavějící ocel * MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Plzeňský lékařský sborník. Supplementum, ISSN 0139-603X suppl. 57/1989
97 s. : tab.
- MeSH
- imunita MeSH
- životní prostředí MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kongresy MeSH
- souborné dílo MeSH
- Konspekt
- Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
- NLK Obory
- alergologie a imunologie
- environmentální vědy
Biofilms are comprised of microorganisms embedded in a self-produced matrix that normally adhere to a surface. In the food processing environment they are suggested to be a source of contamination leading to food spoilage or the transmission of food-borne pathogens. To date, research has mainly focused on the presence of (biofilm-forming) bacteria within food processing environments, without measuring the associated biofilm matrix components. Here, we assessed the presence of biofilms within a meat processing environment, processing pork, poultry and beef, by the detection of microorganisms and at least two biofilm matrix components. Sampling included 47 food contact surfaces and 61 non-food contact surfaces from eleven rooms within an Austrian meat processing plant, either during operation or after cleaning and disinfection. The 108 samples were analysed for the presence of microorganisms by cultivation and targeted quantitative real-time PCR based on 16S rRNA. Furthermore, the presence of the major matrix components carbohydrates, extracellular DNA and proteins was evaluated. Overall, we identified ten biofilm hotspots, among them seven of which were sampled during operation and three after cleaning and disinfection. Five biofilms were detected on food contact surfaces (cutters and associated equipment and a screw conveyor) and five on non-food contact surfaces (drains and water hoses) resulting in 9.3 % of the sites being classified as biofilm positive. From these biofilm positive samples, we cultivated bacteria of 29 different genera. The most prevalent bacteria belonged to the genera Brochothrix (present in 80 % of biofilms), Pseudomonas and Psychrobacter (isolated from 70 % biofilms). From each biofilm we isolated bacteria from four to twelve different genera, indicating the presence of multi-species biofilms. This work ultimately determined the presence of multi-species biofilms within the meat processing environment, thereby identifying various sources of potential contamination. Especially the identification of biofilms in water hoses and associated parts highlights the need of a frequent monitoring at these sites. The knowledge gained about the presence and composition of biofilms (i.e. chemical and microbiological) will help to prevent and reduce biofilm formation within food processing environments.
- MeSH
- biofilmy klasifikace růst a vývoj MeSH
- Brochothrix izolace a purifikace MeSH
- dezinfekce metody MeSH
- drůbež mikrobiologie MeSH
- manipulace s potravinami * MeSH
- maso mikrobiologie MeSH
- nemoci přenášené potravou mikrobiologie MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
- Pseudomonas izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Psychrobacter izolace a purifikace MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S analýza MeSH
- skot MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- skot MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Rakousko MeSH
The Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ) is an instrument intended for the study of cohesion in sport teams. The main aim of this study was to confirm the conceptual validity within the Czech vision of Group Environment Questionnaire by method of structural equation modeling. For translation of the questionnaire was utilized a modified direct translation method. A total of 1169 participants (848 men and 321 women) completed the GEQ. For data analysis we applied a confirmation factor analysis approach. The original model was tested to verify the structural theory and diagnosis quality of this tool. Results showed only average values of models fit RMSEA in Czech condition on the level 0,081 and CFI 0,901 and found poor item loading in fourth factor of diagnostic tool GI-T with factor validity on level 0.216. We assume that for better fit and diagnostics quality it is necessary to repeat the process of content validity and change or restrict the number of items.
- Klíčová slova
- explorativní faktorová analýza, SEM, týmový sport, koheze, GEQ,
- MeSH
- basketbal MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- fotbal MeSH
- hokej MeSH
- konsensus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- modely strukturální MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- psychologické modely MeSH
- role MeSH
- skupinová struktura MeSH
- skupinové procesy MeSH
- sporty klasifikace psychologie MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- volejbal MeSH
- zjišťování skupinových postojů MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
V oblasti sportovní psychologie patří dotazník Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ) mezi nejvyužívanější nástroje ke sledování týmové koheze. Hlavním cílem tohoto výzkumu bylo porovnat vnímanou týmovou kohezi mezi individuálními a kolektivními sporty u mužů a žen. Studie se zúčastnilo 435 sportovců (180 mužů a 255 žen) a byla zde využita mezikulturně validizovaná modifikovaná česká verze dotazníku GEQ. Data byla analyzována pomocí dvouvýběrového Mann-Whitney U testu. Výsledky ukázaly u mužů významné rozdíly ve vnímání týmové koheze mezi sportovci z individuálních a týmových sportů u všech položek sub-škál ATG-T a GI-T, u žen byly významné rozdíly u většiny položek subškál ATG-T a GI-T a v jednom případě u ATG-S.
In the field of sport psychology the Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ) belongs to one of the most applied instrument for study of cohesion in sport teams. The main aim of this study was to compare perceived team cohesion in male and female athletes from team and individual sports. A total of 435 athletes (180 men and 255 women) participated in the study and the cross-culturally validated, modified Czech version of GEQ was utilised. For data analysis we applied two-sample Mann-Whitney U test. Results in men showed significant differences in team cohesion perception between team and individual sports in all items of ATG-T and GI-T subscales, results in women revealed significant differences in most items of ATG-T and GI-T subscales and in one item of ATG-S subscale.
- Klíčová slova
- kolektivní sport, individuální sport, gender,
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- skupinové procesy MeSH
- sociometrické techniky MeSH
- sportovci psychologie MeSH
- sporty * psychologie MeSH
- životní smysluplnost * klasifikace MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
