Jsou prezentovány první výsledky charakterizace kmenů Haemophilus influenzae novou metodoumultilokusové sekvenační typizace (MLST). Charakterizace souboru 28 kmenů H. influenzae izolovanýchz invazivních onemocnění v České republice ukázala klonální homogenitu těchto kmenů:z 26 testovaných kmenů H. influenzae b vykazovalo 22 kmenů jednotný sekvenční typ: ST-6. U 4kmenů byly zjištěny námi nově popsané sekvenční typy: ST-83 (3 kmeny) a ST-84 (1 kmen). U 2netypovatelných kmenů H. influenzae byly zjištěny jiné sekvenční typy než ST-6: ST-3 a námi nověpopsaný ST-85. První výsledky MLST ukazují, že ST-6 je typický pro H. influenzae b izolovanéz invazivních onemocnění v České republice. Námi nově popsané sekvenční typy ST-83, ST-84 a ST-85byly registrovány v celosvětové databázi MLST H. influenzae (http://haemophilus.mlst.net).
First results of multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of Haemophilus influenzae strains are presented.MLST of 28 H. influenzae strains isolated frompatients with invasive diseases in the Czech Republicis indicative of clonal homogeneity of these strains: 22 out of 26 H. influenzae b strains tested wereof the same sequence type, ST-6. Four strains were of two sequence types newly described in thisstudy: ST-83 (3 strains) and ST-84 (1 strain). Two nontypeable H. influenzae strains were assigned tosequence types other than ST-6: ST-3 and ST-85 newly described in this study. First MLST resultsshow ST-6 to be typical of H. influenzae b isolated from patients with invasive diseases in the CzechRepublic. The sequence types newly described in this study, i.e. ST-83, ST-84 and ST-85, weresubmitted to the worldwide H. influenzae MLST database (http://haemophilus.mlst.net).
- MeSH
- Clone Cells MeSH
- Research Support as Topic MeSH
- Haemophilus influenzae genetics pathogenicity MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Polymerase Chain Reaction MeSH
- Base Sequence MeSH
- Serotyping methods MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Database MeSH
- Review MeSH
- Comparative Study MeSH
Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures that distinguish native chromosomal ends from double-stranded breaks. They are maintained by telomerase that adds short G-rich telomeric repeats at chromosomal ends in most eukaryotes and determines the TnAmGo sequence of canonical telomeres. We employed an experimental approach that was based on detection of repeats added by telomerase to identify the telomere sequence type forming the very ends of chromosomes. Our previous studies that focused on the algal order Chlamydomonadales revealed several changes in telomere motifs that were consistent with the phylogeny and supported the concept of the Arabidopsis-type sequence being the ancestral telomeric motif for green algae. In addition to previously described independent transitions to the Chlamydomonas-type sequence, we report that the ancestral telomeric motif was replaced by the human-type sequence in the majority of algal species grouped within a higher order clade, Caudivolvoxa. The Arabidopsis-type sequence was apparently retained in the Polytominia clade. Regarding the telomere sequence, the Chlorogonia clade within Caudivolvoxa bifurcates into two groups, one with the human-type sequence and the other group with the Arabidopsis-type sequence that is solely formed by the Chlorogonium species. This suggests that reversion to the Arabidopsis-type telomeric motif occurred in the common ancestral Chlorogonium species. The human-type sequence is also synthesized by telomerases of algal strains from Arenicolinia, Dunaliellinia and Stephanosphaerinia, except a distinct subclade within Stephanosphaerinia, where telomerase activity was not detected and a change to an unidentified telomeric motif might arise. We discuss plausible reasons why changes in telomeric motifs were tolerated during evolution of green algae.
- MeSH
- Amino Acid Motifs genetics MeSH
- Phylogeny MeSH
- Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid genetics MeSH
- DNA, Ribosomal genetics MeSH
- RNA, Ribosomal, 18S genetics MeSH
- Base Sequence MeSH
- Sequence Analysis, DNA MeSH
- Telomerase genetics MeSH
- Telomere genetics MeSH
- Volvocida genetics MeSH
- Telomere Shortening genetics MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
BACKGROUND: The resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae to macrolides is becoming an increasingly important issue and thus it is important to understand the genetics related to adaptation of this species to the widespread use of antibiotics in Europe. The 58 isolates of S. pneumoniae belonging to sequence type (ST) 416 and serotype 19A and to several different phenotypes originated from Italy, Portugal and Czech Republic were thus sequenced on Illumina MiSeq. The aim of the study was to describe genetical origine of isolates, investigate their macrolide resistance and suggest reasons for spread of ST416 in the Czech Republic. RESULTS: Investigation of genes associated with serotype determined serotype switch between 15B and 19A serotypes and core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) confirmed the origine of concerned isolates in Netherlands15B-37 clone. Inspected genomes proved variability of genes associated with the macrolide resistance even within closely genetically relative isolates. CONCLUSIONS: Participation of 19A/ST416 on the spread of Netherlands15B-37 is accompanied by serotype switch between 19A and 15B serotypes and with acquisition of genes involved in macrolide resistance to the clone that was originally macrolide susceptible. There is evident tendency to interchanging and modifications of these and surrounding genes, that could lead to accelerate spreading of this sequence type in regions with high macrolide consumption.
- MeSH
- Drug Resistance, Bacterial * MeSH
- Phylogeny MeSH
- Phylogeography MeSH
- Genome, Bacterial MeSH
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Macrolides pharmacology MeSH
- Multilocus Sequence Typing MeSH
- Pneumococcal Infections microbiology MeSH
- Whole Genome Sequencing methods MeSH
- Serogroup MeSH
- Streptococcus pneumoniae classification drug effects genetics isolation & purification MeSH
- High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
- Italy MeSH
- Netherlands MeSH
- Portugal MeSH
The strain Clostridium pasteurianum NRRL B-598 is non-type, oxygen tolerant, spore-forming, mesophilic and heterofermentative strain with high hydrogen production and ability of acetone-butanol fermentation (ethanol production being negligible). Here, we present the annotated complete genome sequence of this bacterium, replacing the previous draft genome assembly. The genome consisting of a single circular 6,186,879 bp chromosome with no plasmid was determined using PacBio RSII and Roche 454 sequencing.
V článku jsou prezentovány první výsledky charakterizace 29 invazivních kmenů Streptococcuspyogenes, izolovaných v České republice v první polovině roku 2003, metodou multilokusové sekvenačnítypizace (MLST). U žádného z 16 přítomných emm typů nebyla mezi kmeny našeho souboruzjištěna variabilita sekvenčních typů (ST). První výsledky MLST ukazují, že populace kmenůzpůsobujících závažná onemocnění v České republice je odlišná od kmenů izolovaných v zahraničí.U sedmi kmenů byly popsány nové sekvenční typy: ST134, ST308, ST336, 5T340, obsahující novékombinace známých alel a ST341 se třemi dosud nepopsanými alelami (gki 91, murI 65 a yqiL 60),zjištěný u třech kmenů. Nově popsané sekvenční typy byly registrovány v celosvětové databáziMLST S. pyogenes.
First results of multilocus sequence typing (MLST) for characterization of 29 invasive Streptococcuspyogenes strains isolated in the Czech Republic in the first half of 2003 are presented. None of 16emm types detected among the study strains showed sequence type (ST) variability. The MLSTresults are indicative of differences between the strains causing serious diseases in the CzechRepublic and those isolated in other countries. In seven strains, four new STs with known alleles innew combinations, ST134, ST308, ST336, ST340, and one new ST with three as yet undescribed alleles(gki 91, murI 65 and yqiL 60), ST341, were described. These newly described STs were submitted tothe web-based reference MLST database for S. pyogenes.
- MeSH
- Alleles MeSH
- Research Support as Topic MeSH
- Cloning, Molecular MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Sequence Analysis MeSH
- Streptococcus pyogenes isolation & purification classification pathogenicity MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Database MeSH
- Review MeSH
- Comparative Study MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
Morel's disease is a form of abscessing lymphadenitis of sheep and goats caused by Staphylococcus aureus subspecies anaerobius. In Europe and Africa, the disease is linked to S. aureus of multilocus sequence type 1464. In an outbreak recorded in 2015 in a flock of 530 animals in the district of Nymburk, Czech Republic, Europe, the causative agent was cultured and subsequently confirmed by Maldi-TOF. Neither antibiotic therapy nor surgical interventions met any success, although the strain isolated was found to be sensitive to antibiotics used. Vaccination and revaccination with inactivated autogenous vaccine administered subcutaneously was relatively successful. Subsequent multilocus sequence typing revealed the presence of new S. aureus sequence type 3756, different from 1464 in three out of seven genes typed. The isolate thus represents a new sequence type of Staphylococcus aureus ssp. anaerobius which should be considered as a causative agent of Morel's disease.
- MeSH
- Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use MeSH
- Lymphadenitis drug therapy microbiology veterinary MeSH
- Microbial Sensitivity Tests MeSH
- Multilocus Sequence Typing MeSH
- Sheep Diseases drug therapy microbiology MeSH
- Sheep MeSH
- Staphylococcal Infections drug therapy microbiology veterinary MeSH
- Staphylococcal Vaccines immunology MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus classification immunology isolation & purification MeSH
- Vaccination MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
ST252 Enterobacter cloacae, producing GES-5 carbapenemase, was isolated in a Czech hospital. blaGES-5was part of a novel class 1 integron, In1406, which also included a new allele of the aadA15 gene cassette. In1406 was located on a ColE2-like plasmid, pEcl-35771cz (6953bp).
- MeSH
- Bacterial Proteins genetics MeSH
- beta-Lactamases genetics MeSH
- Enterobacter cloacae enzymology genetics MeSH
- Enterobacteriaceae Infections microbiology MeSH
- Integrons genetics MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Multilocus Sequence Typing MeSH
- Hospitals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
The foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes a vesicular and contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals. In this study, the virus was isolated from vesicles of the infected cattle using cell culture and serotyped by ELISA test. The extracted RNA from the infected cells was reverse transcribed and amplified using VP1 gene-specific primer pairs by means of one-step RT-PCR. The purified VP1 gene was sub-cloned into the uniqe KpnI and BamHI cloning sites of the pcDNA3.1+ vector. The DH5α strain of E. coli was transformed by the vector. The sequences of sub-cloned FMDV type O/IRN/2007 VP1 were aligned with FMDV type O/UKG/2001 VP1 using MegAlign software. Nucleotide sequence comparisons were made using the BLAST software available from the NCBI website. The amino acid sequences of three sub-cloned FMDV type O/IRN/2007 VP1 were also aligned with three other similar sequences using MegAlign software. Nineteen of the most similar VP1 nucleotide sequences (by BLASTN program), FMDV O/IRN/2007 VP1 sequence, twenty isolates of FMDV-O VP1 in Iran and eight topotypes of FMDV type O were aligned by Mega5 to create a FMDV-O VP1-based sequence similarity tree. The nucleotide sequence comparison indicated that FMDV O/ IRN/2007 VP1 had the greatest nucleotide sequence similarity to the VP1 gene of FMDV O1/Manisa/Turkey/69 (99%), FMDV O1/Manisa/Netherlands (98%) and FMDV O1/Manisa/iso87/Turkey (98%). It was also observed that the highest identity between FMDV O/IRN/2007 VP1 sequence and other nucleotide sequences of FMDV type O VP1 genes isolated in Iran during 1997-2004 was about 91%.
- MeSH
- Phylogeny MeSH
- Molecular Sequence Data MeSH
- Amino Acid Sequence MeSH
- Base Sequence MeSH
- Sequence Analysis, DNA * MeSH
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid MeSH
- Sequence Alignment MeSH
- Cattle MeSH
- Sus scrofa MeSH
- Genes, Viral genetics MeSH
- Capsid Proteins chemistry genetics MeSH
- Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus genetics isolation & purification MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Cattle MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- Iran MeSH
