Cíl: Cílem naší studie bylo zhodnotit kognitivní výkon pacientů s bipolární afektivní poruchou v akutní fázi onemocnění. Zajímalo nás, zda se bude lišit kognitivní výkon v závislosti na odlišnosti akutní fáze a zda mají vztah klinické charakteristiky související s průběhem onemocnění k úrovni kognitivního výkonu. Soubor a metodika: Celkem 53 bipolárních pacientů, z toho 16 v hypománii, 17 v mánii, 20 v depresi a 23 zdravých kontrol bylo vyšetřeno komplexní neuropsychologickou baterií. Výsledky: Bipolární pacienti vykazovali kognitivní poškození v oblasti psychomotorického tempa, pozornosti, verbální paměti a v menší míře u exekutivních funkcí a vizuální paměti. Bipolární pacienti ve srovnání se zdravými kontrolami dosahovali statisticky signifikantně horšího výkonu ve všech kognitivních zkouškách kromě iniciačního času (TOL tit) (U = 480; p = 0,142). Zdravé kontroly vykazovaly výkony ve všech testech v rámci normy. Srovnání výkonů v jednotlivých fázích odráželo významný rozdíl ve všech zkouškách kromě TOL tit (H = 6,464; p = 0,091). Kognitivní výkony v jednotlivých akutních fázích se významně nelišily. Nejtěsnější korelace jsme zaznamenali mezi věkem nástupu onemocnění a verbální pamětí AVLT 1 (r = –0,452; p < 0,01), AVLT Sum (r = –0,383; p < 0,01), AVLT 30 (r = –0,370; p < 0,01). Závěr: V naší studii pacienti v akutní fázi bipolární poruchy vykazovali významně horší výkon ve všech kognitivních parametrech oproti zdravým kontrolám. Kognitivní poškození jsme zaznamenali v doméně psychomotorického tempa, pozornosti, verbální paměti a v menší míře u exekutivních funkcí a vizuální paměti. Pacienti v hypománii, mánii a depresi se v kognitivních výkonech významně nelišili. Z klinických charakteristik pouze věk nástupu onemocnění vykazoval nejvíce korelací s kognitivními proměnnými.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cognitive performance of bipolar disorder patients in the acute phase of the illness. The interest was in determining if the cognitive performance would vary, depending on the different acute phase and if the clinical characteristics were related to the clinical course and the cognitive performance level. Patients and methods: A total of 53 patients with bipolar disorder, of which 16 were in hypomania, 17 in mania, 20 in depression, and 23 healthy control group subjects were examined by complex neuropsychological assessment tools. Results: Patients with bipolar disorder exhibited cognitive impairment in the area of psychomotor speed, attention, verbal memory and, to a lesser extent, in executive functions and visual memory. Bipolar patients compared to the control group showed statistically significantly worse performance in all cognitive tests except the initiation time (TOL tit) (U = 480; p = 0.142). The healthy control group subjects performed all of the tests within normal standards. Comparison of cognitive performances in the different phases, reflected a statistically significant difference in all cognitive tests except for TOL tit (H = 6.464; p = 0.091), where the four groups did not differ statistically. Cognitive performance in acute phases did not show a statistically significant difference in either of the cognitive tests. After taking into account the clinical characteristics, the closest correlation was recorded between the onset of the illness and verbal memory AVLT 1 (r = –0.452; p < 0.01), AVLT Sum (r = –0.383; p < 0.01), and AVLT 30 (r = –0.370; p < 0.01). Conclusions: In this study, patients in the acute phase of bipolar disorder showed significantly worse performance in all neuropsychological parameters than the healthy control group subjects. Cognitive impairment was recorded in the domain of psychomotor speed, attention, verbal memory and, to a lesser extent, executive functions and visual memory. Patients in hypomania, mania and depression did not differ significantly in cognitive performance. From the clinical characteristics, only the age of onset of the illness showed the most correlations with cognitive variables.

• Klíčová slova
• kognitivní výkon,
• MeSH
• bipolární porucha * psychologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• klinická studie jako téma MeSH
• kognice * MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

• MeSH
• chování MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• kovy MeSH
• látky znečišťující vzduch toxicita   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• znečištění ovzduší MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH

BACKGROUND: Older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) are at an increased risk of progression to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia. However, few have examined the specific cognitive tests that are associated with progression. OBJECTIVE: This study examined performance on 18 neuropsychological tests among participants with SCD who later progressed to MCI or dementia. METHODS: We included 131 participants from the Czech Brain Aging Study that had SCD at baseline. They completed a comprehensive neuropsychological battery including cognitive tests from the Uniform Data Set 2.0 enriched by the verbal memory test Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCFT). RESULTS: Fifty-five participants progressed: 53% to non-amnestic MCI (naMCI), 44% to amnestic MCI (aMCI), and 4% to dementia. Scoring one SD below the mean at baseline on the RAVLT 1 and RAVLT 1-5 was associated with 133% (RAVLT 1; HR: 2.33 [1.50, 3.62]) and 122% (RAVLT 1-5; HR: 2.22 [1.55, 3.16]) greater risk of progression to MCI or dementia over 3.84 years on average. Worse performance on the RAVLT 5, RAVLT 1-5, RAVLT 30, and ROCFT-Recall was associated with progression to aMCI whereas worse performance on the RAVLT 1, TMT B, and Boston Naming Test was associated with progression to naMCI. CONCLUSION: At baseline, lower verbal memory performance was most strongly associated with progression to aMCI whereas lower executive or language performance was most strongly associated with progression to naMCI.

• MeSH
• demence * diagnóza   MeSH
• kognice MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce * diagnóza   psychologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• testy paměti a učení MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Cieľom výskumu bolo analyzovať heterogenitu kognitívneho deficitu u ľudí závislých od alkoholu a identifikovať empirické typy, ktoré sa líšia v miere oslabenia kognitívnych funkcií v doménach pamäť, pozornosť, jazyk a reč, exekutívne funkcie a psychomotorické tempo. Výskumu sa zúčastnilo 53 pacientov v procese liečby závislosti od alkoholu hospitalizovaných v Odbornom liečebnom ústave psychiatrickom n.o. na Prednej Hore vo veku od 19 do 55 rokov. Na posúdenie kognitívnych výkonov boli použité Test verbálnej fluencie, Pamäťový test učenia slov, Test kódovania symbolov, Test opakovania čísel odpredu a odzadu, Test cesty a Batéria frontálnych funkcií. Pomocou klastrovej analýzy sme identifikovali nasledujúce 4 typy participantov: 1. participanti so zachovanými kognitívnymi funkciami a s kognitívnou rezervou, 2. participanti bez kognitívneho deficitu, 3. participanti s miernym oslabením exekutívnych funkcií, 4. participanti s globálnym kognitívnym deficitom. Z hľadiska vecnej významnosti boli medzi skupinami zistené nezanedbateľné rozdiely z hľadiska veku, vzdelania a dĺžky excesívneho pitia. Výsledky výskumu poukazujú na heterogenitu kognitívneho deficitu u ľudí závislých od alkoholu a možnosť identifikácie viacerých podskupín, ktoré sa z kvantitatívneho aj kvalitatívneho hľadiska líšia v miere oslabenia kognitívnych funkcií.

The aim of the research was to analyze the heterogeneity of cognitive deficit in people with alcohol use disorders and to identify empirical types that differ in the degree of cognitive impairment across the domains of memory, attention, language and speech, executive function, and psychomotor speed. The study involved 53 patients in the process of treatment of alcohol use disorders hospitalized in the Specialized Psychiatric Institute in Predná Hora aged 19 to 55 years. Word Fluency Test, Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Symbol Encoding Test, Forward and Backward Digit Span Test, Trail Making Test and Frontal Assessment Battery were used to quantify cognitive performance. Using cluster analysis, we identified the following 4 types of participants: 1. participants with preserved cognitive functions and cognitive reserve, 2. participants without cognitive deficit, 3. participants with an incipient mild impairment of executive functioning, 4. participants with a global cognitive deficit. In terms of substantive significance, significant differences were found between the groups in terms of age, education and duration of excessive drinking. The results of this study shed light on the heterogeneity of cognitive deficits in people with alcohol use disorders, and the possibility of identifying several subgroups that differ quantitatively and qualitatively in their degree of cognitive impairment

• MeSH
• alkoholismus psychologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• empirický výzkum MeSH
• hospitalizovaní pacienti * klasifikace   MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• poruchy způsobené alkoholem * psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Cognitive decline is a key characteristic of Huntington's disease (HD). This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of a cognitive battery with six tests used by most HD research centers to assess cognitive impairment in HD. METHOD: In total, 106 HD patients in different disease stages with more (HD-CD, N = 30) and less cognitive impairments (HD-NC, N = 70) and 100 healthy controls (NC) were matched by age, sex, and education and were examined using a standardized protocol including cognitive, motor, and functional assessments. RESULTS: One-way between-groups analysis of variance showed that controls performed significantly better than HD patients and that HD-NC significantly outperformed HD-CD patients in all cognitive tests (NC > HD-NC > HD-CD), with all Games-Howell post-hoc tests p < .001. Analyses using area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) disclosed the diagnostic accuracy of all tests included in the battery to discriminate between NC and HD patients with AUC ranging from 0.809 to 0.862 (all p < .001) and between HD-CD and HD-NC patients with AUC ranging from 0.833 to 0.899 (all p < .001). In both analysis, Stroop Color Naming Test showed the highest discriminative potential. Additional analyses showed that cognitive deficits in all domains progressed with disease duration. Moreover, cognitive performance correlated with the severity of motor and functional impairment (all p < .001) and with the Disease Burden Score regardless of disease duration and age. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the cognitive battery is a suitable tool for assessing cognitive impairment in HD.

• MeSH
• Huntingtonova nemoc * komplikace   diagnóza   MeSH
• kognice MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• osobní újma zaviněná nemocí MeSH
• tělesná a funkční výkonnost MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Studie zkoumala profil a dynamiku kognitivního výkonu u pacientù s depresivní poruchou. Zjišťovali jsme, zda vytipované faktory souvisí s kognitivním výkonem. Celkový kognitivní výkon měl vztah k míře aktuální nálady (zejména na poèátku léèby) a k míře depresivní symptomatologie (zejména na konci léèby). Pozornostní výkon se ukázal jako možný prediktor odpovìdi na léèbu.

This study investigated profile and dynamics of cogni- tive performance in patients with major depressive disorder. We tried to find, whether predicted factors are related to cognitive performance. The global cognitive performance is related to the rate of current mood (especially at the beginning of the acute treatment) and rate of depres- sive psychopathology (especially at the end of the acute treatment). The attention performance was demonstrated as a possible factor predicting the response to treatment.

• Klíčová slova
• kognitivní výkon, antidepresivní léčba,
• MeSH
• deprese MeSH
• Publikační typ
• abstrakty MeSH

• MeSH
• deprese diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• kognitivní poruchy etiologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• poruchy paměti MeSH
• stárnutí MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

BACKGROUND: Local dynamic stability (LDS) has become accepted as a gait stability indicator. The deterioration of gait stability is magnified in older adults. RESEARCH QUESTION: What is the current state in the field regarding rthe relationship between LDS and cognitive and/or physical function in older adults? METHODS: A scoping review design was used to search for peer-reviewed literature or conference proceedings published through May 2023 for an association between LDS and cognitive (e.g., Montreal Cognitive Assessment) or physical performance (e.g., Timed Up & Go Test) in older adults. Only studies investigating gait stability via LDS during controlled walking, when dealing with a subject group consisting of healthy older adults, and quantifying LDS relationship to cognitive and/or physical measure were included. We analysed data from the studies in a descriptive manner. RESULTS: In total, 814 potentially relevant articles were selected, of which 15 met the inclusion criteria. We identified 37 LDS quantifiers employed in LDS-cognition and/or LDS-physical performance relationship assessment. Nine measures of cognitive and 20 measures of physical performance were analysed. Most studies estimated LDS quantities using triaxial acceleration data. However, there was a variance in sensor placement and signal direction. Out of the 56 studied relationships of LDS to physical performance measures, sixteen were found to be relevant. Out of 22 studied relationships between LDS and cognitive measures, only two were worthwhile. SIGNIFICANCE: Considering the heterogeneity of the utilized LDS (caused by different sensors locations, signals, and signal directions as well as variety of computational approaches to estimate LDS) and cognitive/physical measures, the results of this scoping review does not indicate a current need for a systematic review with meta-analysis. To assess the overall utility of LDS to reveal a relationship between LDS to cognitive and physical performance measures, an analysis of other subject groups would be appropriate.

• MeSH
• chůze (způsob) * MeSH
• chůze * MeSH
• kognice MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• tělesná a funkční výkonnost MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Cognitive impairment is among the core features of schizophrenia. In a healthy population, the cognitive deficit is often linked with cannabis abuse, and although the same would be expected in patients with schizophrenia, research has presented contradictory results. METHODS: Participants were patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FES) spectrum disorder who had been lifetime cannabis users (N = 30), FES non-users (N = 53) as well as healthy controls (HC) also divided into cannabis users (N = 20) and non-users (N = 49). All participants underwent an extensive neurocognitive assessment and filled in a cannabis questionnaire, which allowed for a comparison of the four groups on cognitive functioning. RESULTS: FES patients using cannabis showed less impaired cognitive functioning with the most prominent difference in visual memory compared to FES non-users. However, they differed neither in the clinical assessment of general psychopathology, positive and negative symptoms, nor in medication from the patient's non-users. A comparison of the HC who used cannabis, and those who did not, revealed no sizeable differences in cognitive performance between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results delivered supporting evidence for the trend of superior neurocognitive performance in FES patients with a lifetime history of cannabis use compared to non-using patients.

• MeSH
• abúzus marihuany * MeSH
• Cannabis * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• kognice MeSH
• kognitivní poruchy * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• schizofrenie * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: Subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) may be an early marker of prodromal Alzheimer's disease. OBJECTIVES: Using a 10-item yes/no SCCs questionnaire (Le Questionnaire de Plainte Cognitive [QPC]), we evaluated the prevalence and distribution of SCCs in cognitively healthy Czech older adults and examined total score and specific QPC items in relation to depressive symptomology and cognitive performance. METHODS: A sample of 340 cognitively healthy older community-dwelling volunteers aged 60 or older from the third wave of the longitudinal project National Normative Study of Cognitive Determinants of Healthy Aging, who underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment and completed the QPC and the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). Regression analysis was controlled for age when GDS-15 was the outcome and for age and GDS-15 with cognitive domains as the outcome. RESULTS: 71% reported 1 + SCCs, with prevalence of individual complaints ranging from 4% to 40%. The number of SCCs was associated with GDS-15 (p < 0.001). Personality change (p < 0.001) and Limitation in daily activities (p = 0.002) were significantly associated with higher GDS-15 score and Spatial orientation difficulties (p = 0.019) and Impression of worse memory in comparison to peers (p = 0.012) were significantly associated with lower memory performance. CONCLUSIONS: We identified some cognitive complaints that were very common in our sample. Overall, a higher number of SCCs in well cognitively functioning individuals was most closely related to depressive symptomatology, while some specific complaints reflected lower memory performance and should be considered when screening for people at risk of cognitive decline.

• MeSH
• deprese epidemiologie   patofyziologie   psychologie   MeSH
• kognitivní poruchy epidemiologie   patofyziologie   psychologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• osobnost MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• samostatný způsob života MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stárnutí psychologie   MeSH
• záznam o duševním stavu MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH