Practice patterns
Dotaz
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- MeSH
- lékařská praxe - způsoby provádění MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- psychiatrie metody MeSH
- výzkum MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Spojené státy americké MeSH
sv.
- MeSH
- lékařská praxe - způsoby provádění MeSH
- poskytování zdravotní péče MeSH
- Publikační typ
- periodika MeSH
- Konspekt
- Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
- NLK Obory
- všeobecné lékařství
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Members of the International Urogynecological Association (IUGA) come from different geographic locations and practice settings. A member survey regarding practice patterns provides valuable information for practitioners and researchers alike, and allows the IUGA to discover areas to focus on education and information dissemination. METHODS: A questionnaire was developed by the IUGA Research and Development committee and distributed electronically to IUGA surgeons. Answers were analyzed in reference to demographics, geographic distribution, and academic affiliation. RESULTS: Five hundred sixty-four members answered the questionnaire, representing a 28 % response rate, and closely reflecting the geographic distribution of IUGA membership. Preferred surgical treatment for uncomplicated SUI was the mid-urethral trans-obturator sling (49.7 %). Vaginal mesh was mainly used for repair of recurrent POP (20.4 %). Pessary use was offered "always" or "frequently" by 61.5 %, with no difference in academic affiliation, but significant differences based on region of practice. Compared to practitioners in non-academic centers, those with academic affiliation utilized Urodynamic studies (UDS) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) more frequently in the evaluation of POP. Regions of practice significantly influenced the majority of practice patterns, with the highest impact found in the use of robotic assistance. CONCLUSIONS: Many practice patterns in the evaluation and treatment of POP and SUI depend on academic affiliation and geographic location. Practice patterns are not always based on most recent evidence-based data.
- MeSH
- chirurgické síťky využití MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- gynekologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- internacionalita MeSH
- lékařská praxe - způsoby provádění statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie využití MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- pesary využití MeSH
- prolaps pánevních orgánů chirurgie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- stresová inkontinence moči chirurgie MeSH
- suburetrální pásky využití MeSH
- ultrasonografie využití MeSH
- urologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Levels of physical exercise among haemodialysis patients are low. Increased physical activity in this population has been associated with improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and survival. However, results of previous studies may not be applicable to the haemodialysis population as a whole. The present study provides the first description of international patterns of exercise frequency and its association with exercise programmes and clinical outcomes among participants in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS). METHODS: Data from a cross section of 20,920 DOPPS participants in 12 countries between 1996 and 2004 were analysed. Regular exercise was defined as exercise frequency equal to or more than once/week based on patient self-report. Linear mixed models and logistic regression assessed associations of exercise frequency with HRQoL and other psychosocial variables. Mortality risk was calculated in Cox proportional hazard models using patient-level (patient self-reported exercise frequency) and facility-level (the dialysis facility percentage of regular exercisers) predictors. RESULTS: Regular exercise frequency varied widely across countries and across dialysis facilities within a country. Overall, 47.4% of participants were categorized as regular exercisers. The odds of regular exercise was 38% higher for patients from facilities offering exercise programmes (adjusted odds ratio = 1.38 [95% confidence interval: 1.03-1.84]; P = 0.03). Regular exercisers had higher HRQoL, physical functioning and sleep quality scores; reported fewer limitations in physical activities; and were less bothered by bodily pain or lack of appetite (P
- MeSH
- chronické selhání ledvin terapie MeSH
- dialýza ledvin mortalita psychologie MeSH
- hodnocení výsledků zdravotní péče MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lékařská praxe - způsoby provádění MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezinárodní agentury MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- terapie cvičením MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- multicentrická studie MeSH
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE: Approximately 11% of people with kidney failure worldwide are treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD). This study examined PD use and practice patterns across the globe. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: Stakeholders including clinicians, policy makers, and patient representatives in 182 countries convened by the International Society of Nephrology between July and September 2018. OUTCOMES: PD use, availability, accessibility, affordability, delivery, and reporting of quality outcome measures. ANALYTICAL APPROACH: Descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Responses were received from 88% (n=160) of countries and there were 313 participants (257 nephrologists [82%], 22 non-nephrologist physicians [7%], 6 other health professionals [2%], 17 administrators/policy makers/civil servants [5%], and 11 others [4%]). 85% (n=156) of countries responded to questions about PD. Median PD use was 38.1 per million population. PD was not available in 30 of the 156 (19%) countries responding to PD-related questions, particularly in countries in Africa (20/41) and low-income countries (15/22). In 69% of countries, PD was the initial dialysis modality for≤10% of patients with newly diagnosed kidney failure. Patients receiving PD were expected to pay 1% to 25% of treatment costs, and higher (>75%) copayments (out-of-pocket expenses incurred by patients) were more common in South Asia and low-income countries. Average exchange volumes were adequate (defined as 3-4 exchanges per day or the equivalent for automated PD) in 72% of countries. PD quality outcome monitoring and reporting were variable. Most countries did not measure patient-reported PD outcomes. LIMITATIONS: Low responses from policy makers; limited ability to provide more in-depth explanations underpinning outcomes from each country due to lack of granular data; lack of objective data. CONCLUSIONS: Large inter- and intraregional disparities exist in PD availability, accessibility, affordability, delivery, and reporting of quality outcome measures around the world, with the greatest gaps observed in Africa and South Asia.
- MeSH
- chronické selhání ledvin terapie MeSH
- dostupnost zdravotnických služeb * MeSH
- hodnocení výsledků péče pacientem MeSH
- hodnocení výsledků zdravotní péče MeSH
- internacionalita * MeSH
- kvalita zdravotní péče MeSH
- lékaři MeSH
- lékařská praxe - způsoby provádění * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- náklady a analýza nákladů MeSH
- nefrologie MeSH
- nefrologové MeSH
- peritoneální dialýza * MeSH
- podíl na nákladech MeSH
- poskytování zdravotní péče MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- rozvojové země MeSH
- správní úředníci MeSH
- výdaje na zdravotnictví MeSH
- vyspělé země MeSH
- zdravotní politika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Textbook of ophthalmology ; 10
1st ed. přeruš.str : grafy, tab., věc. rejstř. pro sv. 1-10. ; 28 cm
- MeSH
- chybná zdravotní péče MeSH
- lékařská etika MeSH
- lékařská praxe - způsoby provádění MeSH
- oftalmologie MeSH
- regionální programy zdravotní péče MeSH
- řízení veřejného zdraví MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Spojené státy americké MeSH
- Konspekt
- Ortopedie. Chirurgie. Oftalmologie
- NLK Obory
- oftalmologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- učebnice vysokých škol
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE: Hemodialysis (HD) is the most common form of kidney replacement therapy. This study aimed to examine the use, availability, accessibility, affordability, and quality of HD care worldwide. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: Stakeholders (clinicians, policy makers, and consumer representatives) in 182 countries were convened by the International Society of Nephrology from July to September 2018. OUTCOMES: Use, availability, accessibility, affordability, and quality of HD care. ANALYTICAL APPROACH: Descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Overall, representatives from 160 (88%) countries participated. Median country-specific use of maintenance HD was 298.4 (IQR, 80.5-599.4) per million population (pmp). Global median HD use among incident patients with kidney failure was 98.0 (IQR, 81.5-140.8) pmp and median number of HD centers was 4.5 (IQR, 1.2-9.9) pmp. Adequate HD services (3-4 hours 3 times weekly) were generally available in 27% of low-income countries. Home HD was generally available in 36% of high-income countries. 32% of countries performed monitoring of patient-reported outcomes; 61%, monitoring of small-solute clearance; 60%, monitoring of bone mineral markers; 51%, monitoring of technique survival; and 60%, monitoring of patient survival. At initiation of maintenance dialysis, only 5% of countries used an arteriovenous access in almost all patients. Vascular access education was suboptimal, funding for vascular access procedures was not uniform, and copayments were greater in countries with lower levels of income. Patients in 23% of the low-income countries had to pay >75% of HD costs compared with patients in only 4% of high-income countries. LIMITATIONS: A cross-sectional survey with possibility of response bias, social desirability bias, and limited data collection preventing in-depth analysis. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, findings reveal substantial variations in global HD use, availability, accessibility, quality, and affordability worldwide, with the lowest use evident in low- and lower-middle-income countries.
- MeSH
- arteriovenózní zkrat MeSH
- chronické selhání ledvin terapie MeSH
- dialýza ledvin * MeSH
- dostupnost zdravotnických služeb MeSH
- hodnocení výsledků péče pacientem MeSH
- internacionalita * MeSH
- kvalita zdravotní péče MeSH
- lékařská praxe - způsoby provádění * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- náklady a analýza nákladů MeSH
- nefrologie MeSH
- podíl na nákladech MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- rozvojové země MeSH
- transport pacientů MeSH
- výdaje na zdravotnictví MeSH
- vyspělé země MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
2 sv. ; 23 cm
- MeSH
- hypnóza metody MeSH
- lékařská praxe - způsoby provádění MeSH
- psychoterapie metody MeSH
- Publikační typ
- monografie MeSH
- Konspekt
- Fyzioterapie. Psychoterapie. Alternativní lékařství
- NLK Obory
- psychologie, klinická psychologie
- psychoterapie
- O autorovi
- Erickson, Milton H., 1901-1980 Autorita
The aim of this paper is to explore general practitioners' (GPs) prescribing intentions and patterns across different European regions using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). A cross-sectional study was undertaken in selected geographically defined Primary Health Care areas in Cyprus, Czech Republic (CZ), France, Greece, Malta, Sweden and Turkey. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using a TPB-based questionnaire. The number of GP participants ranged from 39 to 145 per country. Possible associations between TPB direct measures (attitudes, subjective norms (SN) and perceived behavioral control (PBC)) and intention to prescribe were assessed by country. On average, GPs thought positively of, and claimed to be in control of, prescribing. Correlations between TPB explanatory measures and prescribing intention were weak, with TPB direct measures explaining about 25% of the variance in intention to prescribe in Malta and CZ but only between 3% and 5% in Greece, Sweden and Turkey. SN appeared influential in GPs from Malta; attitude and PBC were statistically significant in GPs from CZ. GPs' prescribing intentions and patterns differed across participating countries, indicating that country-specific interventions are likely to be appropriate. Irrational prescribing behaviors were more apparent in the countries where an integrated primary care system has still not been fully developed and policies promoting the rational use of medicines are lacking. Demand-side measures aimed at modifying GPs prescribing behavior are deemed necessary.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lékařská praxe - způsoby provádění statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- praktičtí lékaři psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- úmysl MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Francie MeSH
- Kypr MeSH
- Malta MeSH
- Řecko MeSH
- Švédsko MeSH
- Turecko MeSH