Standard spectral density mapping protocols, well suited for the analysis of (15)N relaxation rates, introduce significant systematic errors when applied to (13)C relaxation data, especially if the dynamics is dominated by motions with short correlation times (small molecules, dynamic residues of macromolecules). A possibility to improve the accuracy by employing cross-correlated relaxation rates and on measurements taken at several magnetic fields has been examined. A suite of protocols for analyzing such data has been developed and their performance tested. Applicability of the proposed protocols is documented in two case studies, spectral density mapping of a uniformly labeled RNA hairpin and of a selectively labeled disaccharide exhibiting highly anisotropic tumbling. Combination of auto- and cross-correlated relaxation data acquired at three magnetic fields was applied in the former case in order to separate effects of fast motions and conformational or chemical exchange. An approach using auto-correlated relaxation rates acquired at five magnetic fields, applicable to anisotropically moving molecules, was used in the latter case. The results were compared with a more advanced analysis of data obtained by interpolation of auto-correlated relaxation rates measured at seven magnetic fields, and with the spectral density mapping of cross-correlated relaxation rates. The results showed that sufficiently accurate values of auto- and cross-correlated spectral density functions at zero and (13)C frequencies can be obtained from data acquired at three magnetic fields for uniformly (13)C-labeled molecules with a moderate anisotropy of the rotational diffusion tensor. Analysis of auto-correlated relaxation rates at five magnetic fields represents an alternative for molecules undergoing highly anisotropic motions.
- MeSH
- Algorithms * MeSH
- Data Interpretation, Statistical * MeSH
- Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy methods MeSH
- Magnetic Fields MeSH
- RNA, Small Interfering analysis chemistry MeSH
- Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted * MeSH
- Reproducibility of Results MeSH
- Sensitivity and Specificity MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
INTRODUCTION: The use of antidepressants in bipolar disorder (BD) remains contentious, in part due to the risk of antidepressant-induced mania (AIM). However, there is no information on the architecture of mood regulation in patients who have experienced AIM. We compared the architecture of mood regulation in euthymic patients with and without a history of AIM. METHODS: Eighty-four euthymic participants were included. Participants rated their mood, anxiety and energy levels daily using an electronic (e-) visual analog scale, for a mean (SD) of 280.8(151.4) days. We analyzed their multivariate time series by computing each variable's auto-correlation, inter-variable cross-correlation, and composite multiscale entropy of mood, anxiety, and energy. Then, we compared the data features of participants with a history of AIM and those without AIM, using analysis of covariance, controlling for age, sex, and current treatment. RESULTS: Based on 18,103 daily observations, participants with AIM showed significantly stronger day-to-day auto-correlation and cross-correlation for mood, anxiety, and energy than those without AIM. The highest cross-correlation in participants with AIM was between mood and energy within the same day (median (IQR), 0.58 (0.27)). The strongest negative cross-correlation in participants with AIM was between mood and anxiety series within the same day (median (IQR), -0.52 (0.34)). CONCLUSION: Patients with a history of AIM have a different underlying mood architecture compared to those without AIM. Their mood, anxiety and energy stay the same from day-to-day; and their anxiety is negatively correlated with their mood.
- MeSH
- Affect * drug effects MeSH
- Antidepressive Agents * therapeutic use adverse effects MeSH
- Bipolar Disorder * drug therapy MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Mania * drug therapy chemically induced MeSH
- Psychiatric Status Rating Scales MeSH
- Anxiety drug therapy MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
The aim of study was to examine relation among miR-124 and serum levels of selected cytokines and chemokines, MMP-3, production of auto-antibodies, and factors describing clinical activity (DAS28) and radiographic progression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A total of 80 RA patients according to the ACR classification criteria, and 32 control subjects were recruited into study. The measurements of miR-124 and U-6 expression, CRP, anti-CCP, rheumatoid factors (RFs), radiographs of both hands with calculation of total sharp score (TSS), DAS28 and cytokines, chemokines and MMP levels in serum were obtained from all RA patients. miR-124 was down-regulated in RA patients compared to controls (7-fold decrease). The miR-124 expression correlated to MMP-3 levels (p < 0.001), which were in multivariate analysis associated to age of RA onset. Higher levels were detected in younger subjects. No relation of miR-124 expression to measures of RA activity (DAS28 score; TSS), auto-antibodies (anti-CCP, RF, RF IgG, RF IgA, RF IgM), acute inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6), and other cytokine and chemokines (IL-13, IL-15, IL-8, TNF-α, MCP-1, RANTES) was observed. In conclusion, we present a down-regulation of miR-124 in RA patients and its correlation to MMP-3 levels, which associated to age of RA onset.
Etiopatogenéza autoimunitných ochorení nebola jednoznačne objasnená. Autoimunitné ochorenia vznikajú u jednotlivcov s genetickou predispozíciou. Z endogénnych faktorov svoju úlohu zohrávajú aj pohlavné hormóny, najmä prolaktín. Cieľom práce bolo vyšetriť bazálne a TRH testom stimulované hodnoty prolaktínu u pacientov so systémovými ochoreniami spojiva: systémový lupus erythematosus (SLE), systémová skleróza, Sjögrenov syndróm, dermatomyozitída. Súbor a metódy: Autori vyšetrili 43 pacientov so systémovými ochoreniami spojiva: 20 pacientov s SLE, 7 pacientov so Sjögrenovým syndrómom, 7 so systémovou sklerózou a 9 s dermatomyozitídou. Priemerný vek pacientov: 39,87 rokov. Ako kontrolu vyšetrili 30 dobrovoľníkov, priemerný vek 35,17 rokov. Výsledky: Hladina prolaktínu u pacientov so systémovými ochoreniami spojiva bola 14,629 ng/ml, čo je viac ako u kontrolnej skupiny (6,952 ng/ml), bez štatistickej významnosti. Po i.v. stimulácii došlo po 20 min k štatisticky významnému vzostupu prolaktínu u pacientov (62,630 ng/ml) v porovnaní s kontrolnou skupinou (30,982 ng/ml). Tento štatisticky významný rozdiel pretrvával aj 60 min po podaní TRH - kontrolná skupina 16,43 ng/ml, pacienti so systémovými ochoreniami spojiva 36,890 ng/ml. Rozdiely v hladinách prolaktínu u jednotlivých systémových ochorení spojiva neboli štatisticky významné. Pozitívna korelácia v skupine chorých bola nájdená medzi stimulovanými hodnotami prolaktínu a hodnotou FW. Celkovo však nebola nájdená jednoznačná korelácia medzi laboratórnou aktivitou a hladinami prolaktínu. Záver: V práci autori zistili, že poststimulované hodnoty prolaktínu u pacientov so systémovými ochoreniami spojiva sú štatisticky významne vyššie v porovnaní s kontrolnou skupinou. Korelačnými analýzami nebola zistená jednoznačná súvislosť medzi zápalovou aktivitou a hladinami prolaktínu, preto autori predpokladajú, že stredne zvýšené hodnoty prolaktínu sú u pacientov so systémovými ochoreniami spojiva skôr rizikový faktor ochorenia ako marker zápalu.
The ethiopathogenesis of auto-immune diseases has not yet been fully explored. Auto-immune diseases develop in individuals with a genetic pre-disposition. Among the endogenous factors, also sexual hormones play a role, especially prolactin. The objective of the study was to use basal exam and TRH test to determine stimulated prolactin values in patients with a systemic connective tissue disease: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis, Sjögren's syndrome, dermatomyositis. PATIENT GROUP AND METHODS: The authors examined 43 patients with systemic connective tissue diseases: 20 patients with SLE, 7 patients with Sjögren's syndrome, 7 patients with systemic sclerosis and 9 patients with dermatomyositis. The mean age of the patients was 39.87 years. The control group consisted of 30 volunteers with a mean age of 35.17 years. OUTCOME: Prolactin level in the patients with systemic connective tissue diseases was 14.629 ng/ml, which is more than in the control group. A statistically significant increase in prolactin level was recorded 20 minutes after i.v. stimulation as compared with the control group (30.982 ng/ml). This statistically significant difference was still present 60 minutes after the TRH administration, with 16.43 ng/ml in the control group, and 36.890 ng/ml in the systemic connective tissue disorder patient group. The differences between prolactin levels for the different systemic connective tissue diseases were not statistically significant. A positive correlation in the patient group was found between the stimulated prolactin values and the FW value. On the whole, however, there was no clear correlation found between laboratory activity and prolactin levels. CONCLUSION: The authors found out that post-stimulation prolactin levels were statistically significantly higher in patients with systemic connective tissue disease as compared with the control group. Correlation analyses did not show a clear link between inflammatory activity and prolactin levels, and therefore the authors assume that medium increased values of prolactin are rather a risk factor for the disease than an inflammation marker in patients with a systemic connective tissue disease.
Cíl: Zhodnotit data zjištěná pomocí poměrně nových přístrojů a jejich výsledky, které jsou důležité např. v refrakční a kataraktové chirurgii. Materiál a metodika: Do studie bylo zařazeno 66 očí (n = 66). Subjekty byly zastoupeny 32 ženami a 1 mužem, jejichž věk činil 22,5 let ? 1,2 let (min. 21 let, max. 26 let), bez známek možného očního onemocnění. Doba studie byla 3 měsíce. Srovnávaly se výsledky změřené pomocí auto-refrakto-keratro-tono-pachymetru (TRK 1P, Topcon, Japan), Keratograph 5M (Oculus, Germany) a aberometru iTRACE (Hoya, Japan). Výsledky: Po 3 měsících se statisticky porovnávaly hodnoty keratometrie přední plochy rohovky, zjištěné všemi přístroji. Ty se ukázaly jako srovnatelné. Dále pak hodnoty objektivní refrakce a pachymetrie. Závěr: Výsledky této studie ukazují na statisticky významnou korelaci hodnot objektivní refrakce pomocí přístrojů TRK a iTRACE (r = 0,66 na p = 0,05) a prokázala se významná závislost mezi keratometrickými daty u všech použitých přístrojů. Všechny použité metody a přístroje je tedy možné aplikovat ke spolehlivému a validnímu zhodnocení parametrů oka. Klíčová slova: aberometrie, aberace nižších a vyšších řádů, keratometrie, topografie, pachymetrie
Purpose: To evaluate obtained data by using a relatively novel devices and their results which are important eg. in refractive and cataract surgery. Material and methods: The study included 66 eyes (n = 66). Subjects were represented by 32 women and 1 man whose age was 22.5 years ? 1.2 years (min. 21, max. 26 years) without any signs of potential eye disease. Duration of the study was 3 months. Results were compared with the measurements using the auto-refract-keratro-tono-pachymeter (TRK 1P, Topcon, Japan), Keratograph 5M (Oculus, Germany) and aberrometer iTRACE (Hoya, Japan). Results: After 3 months were statistically compared keratometry values of corneal anterior surface detected by all devices. They provided to be comparable. Furthermore the values of objective refraction and pachymetry were detected. Conclusion: Results of this study show a statistically significant correlation values of objective refraction using devices TRK and iTRACE (r = 0.66 at p = 0.05) and showed a significant relationship between the keratometric data for all the devices. All used methods and devices are possible to reliably and use for valid evaluation parameters of the eye. Key words: aberrometry, low and high orders abberations, keratometry, topography, pachymetry
- MeSH
- Aberrometry * classification instrumentation utilization MeSH
- Contrast Sensitivity MeSH
- Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological instrumentation MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MeSH
- Refraction, Ocular MeSH
- Refractometry * MeSH
- Cornea MeSH
- Corneal Topography MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Visual Acuity physiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
Celiac disease (CeD) manifests with autoimmune intestinal inflammation from gluten and genetic predisposition linked to human leukocyte antigen class-II (HLA-II) gene variants. Antigen-presenting cells facilitate gluten exposition through the interaction of their surface major histocompatibility complex (MHC) with the T cell receptor (TCR) on T lymphocytes. This fundamental mechanism of adaptive immunity has broadened upon recognition of extracellular exosomal MHC, raising awareness of an alternative means for antigen presentation. This study demonstrates that conditioned growth media (CGM) previously exposed to monocyte-derived dendritic cells from CeD significantly downregulates the CD3+ lineage marker of control T cells. Such increased activation was reflected in their elevated IL-2 secretion. Exosome localization motif identification and quantification within HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 transcripts highlighted their significant prevalence within HLA-DQB1 alleles associated with CeD susceptibility. Flow cytometry revealed the strong correlation between HLA-DQ and the CD63 exosomal marker in T cells exposed to CGM from MoDCs sourced from CeD patients. This resulted in lower concentrations of CD25+ CD127- T cells, suggestive of their compromised induction to T-regulatory cells associated with CeD homeostasis. This foremost comparative study deciphered the genomic basis and extracellular exosomal effects of HLA transfer on T lymphocytes in the context of CeD, offering greater insight into this auto-immune disease.
- MeSH
- Alleles MeSH
- Celiac Disease * MeSH
- Glutens genetics MeSH
- HLA-DQ Antigens genetics MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Rozvoj plicní arteriální hypertenze (PAH) u systémové sklerodermie představuje jednu z nejvážnějších orgánových komplikací. Její časná neinvazivní detekce je založena na pravidelném echokardiografickém screeningu. Cílem této práce je posoudit přínos longitudinálního strainu pravé komory (RVLS), hodnoceného s využitím speckle tracking echokardiografie v diagnostice plicní hypertenze. Soubor a metodika: Celkem 74 pacientů (60 pac. se sklerodermií, 14 pac. se smíšeným onemocněním pojiva) bylo vyšetřeno echokardiograficky; kromě standardního vyšetření funkce levé a pravé komory a odhadu plicní hypertenze, byla měřena frakční změna plochy pravé komory (FAC, fractional area change) a 2D strain volné stěny pravé komory. Současně byly stanovovány hladiny NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide), charakteristické autoprotilátky a difúzní kapacita plic (DLCO). U pacientů s pravděpodobnou plicní hypertenzí byla provedena pravostranná katetrizace. Výsledky: Plicní hypertenze byla nepravděpodobná u 59 (79,7 %) nemocných, u 10 (13,5 %) nemocných možná a u 5 (6,7 %) nemocných pravděpodobná. Statisticky signifikantní korelace byly zjištěny pro systolický tlak v plicnici (PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure) a globální longitudinální strain pravé komory (RVGLS, right ventricle global longitudinal strain), resp. střední segment volné stěny pravé komory (r = 0,292, p = 0,012), pro systolický tlak v plicnici a NT-proBNP (r = 0,436 p = 0,001) a dále pro PASP a frakční změnu plochy pravé komory RV-FAC (r = 0,320, p = 0,005). Systolický tlak v plicnici ve vyšetřovaném souboru nekoreloval s parametry systolické či diastolické funkce levé komory. Závěr: Měření strainu pravé komory pomocí speckle trackingu může být užitečným doplňkem při echokardiografickém vyšetření pacientů se systémovou sklerodermií a plicní hypertenzí. Klíčová slova: systémová sklerodermie, smíšené onemocnění pojiva, plicní arteriální hypertenze, echokardiografie, speckle tracking
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is serious and life prognosis influencing organ complication. Its early non-invasive detection is based on regular screening echocardiography. The aim of this study is to assess the contribution of right ventricle longitudinal strain (RVLS) performed by speckle tracking echocardiography in PAH diagnostics. Cohort and Methods: Total 74 patients (60 patients with systemic sclerosis and 14 patients with mixed connective tissue disease) was examined by echocardiography; Besides routine left and right ventricle (RV) function assessment and pulmonary pressure estimation, the fractional area change (RV-FAC) of the right ventricle and 2D strain of right ventricle free wall were evaluated. Concurrently, levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), Troponin T, characteristic auto antibodies and diffuse lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) were measured. Patients with probable pulmonary hypertension underwent right heart catheterization (RHC). Results: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) was unlikely in 59 patients (79.7 %), possible in 10 patients (13.5 %) and probable in 5 patient (6.7 %). A significant correlation was found for pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and RV free wall global longitudinal, resp. middle segment strain (r = 0.292, p = 0.012), for PASP and NT-proBNP (r = 0,436 p = 0.001) and further for PASP and RV-FAC (r = 0.320, p 0.005). The pulmonary artery systolic pressure did not correlate with left ventricle systolic or diastolic functions parameters in this cohort. Conclusion: Right ventricle strain measurement can be an useful complement in patients with systemic sclerosis and pulmonary hypertension. Key words: scleroderma, mixed connective tissue disease, echocardiography, speckle tracking
- MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Echocardiography * methods instrumentation statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Blood Pressure physiology MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Natriuretic Peptide, Brain analysis MeSH
- Hypertension, Pulmonary * diagnosis therapy MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Spirometry MeSH
- Cardiac Catheterization MeSH
- Scleroderma, Systemic complications MeSH
- Troponin T analysis MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
Studie je věnována zkoumání přesnosti regionálních stereotypů založenému na porovnání stereotypních charakteristik s vlastnostmi reálných lidí. Vztahovým rámcem pro oba druhy posuzování je pětifaktorový model (PFM) obsahující pět obecných dimenzí osobnosti. 945 vysokoškolských studentů z různých částí ČR posuzovalo typického Čecha, Moravana, Slezana a sebe sama na škálách National Character Survey (NCS) obsahujících 30 dílčích vlastností z pětifaktorového modelu osobnosti. Stereotypní a reálné profily osobnostních vlastností byly porovnávány pomocí vnitrotřídních korelací (ICC). Hlavním cílem studie je stanovení míry shody mezi profilem stereotypních vlastností a profilem osobnostních vlastností reálných lidí žijících na území Čech, Moravy a Slezska. Regionální stereotypy byly porovnány také s profily národních stereotypů pěti středoevropských zemí s cílem přispět do diskuse o faktorech a mechanismech podílejících se na vzniku a šíření stereotypů. Výsledky analýz ukázaly, že posuzovatelé pocházející z různých částí ČR se v percepci regionálních stereotypů shodují. Regionální stereotypy jsou nepřesné, neboť nekorespondují s posouzením reálných lidí žijících v těchto regionech. Profily stereotypních vlastností Čecha, Moravana a Slezana se neshodují. Stereotyp Moravana se vymezuje vůči stereotypu Čecha a dochází k zrcadlení osobnostních vlastností. V některých charakteristikách, v nichž je typickému Moravanovi přisuzována vysoká míra dané vlastnosti, má typický Čech nízkou míru této vlastnosti a naopak. Ze srovnání regionálních a národních stereotypů vyplývá, že na jejich vytváření může mít vliv ekonomická prosperita a bohatství nebo geografická blízkost regionů/národů.
Objectives. The research deals with accuracy and consistency of regional stereotypes (a typical Bohemian, Moravian, Czech Silesian). The five-factor model of personality was used as a framework for ratings of regional stereotypes and self-reports. Subjects and setting. Altogether, 945 university students (79 % women) rated personality characteristics of a typical inhabitant of three regions in the Czech Republic as well as their personality characteristics on National Character Survey (NCS). In addition 186 social scientists provided self-reports on NCS. On NCS 2.241 university students form Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Poland and Slovakia rated national auto- and heterostereotypes. Hypothesis. When the same method for assessing stereotypical and real people traits is used, stereotypes are moderately related with personality traits of real people. Statistical analysis. Profile agreement was calculated as an intraclass correlation (ICC) across the 30 NCS facets, using the double-entry method. Results. In consistency of regional stereotypes,high agreement in ratings of a typical Moravian and Bohemian, and average agreement for rating typical Silesian were found. The comparison of regional stereotypes with self-reports of real people from the corresponding region revealed no convergence. Personality traits of a typical Bohemian, Moravian and Silesian bore no resemblance. Concerning formation of regional stereotypes, we found mirroring or polarization of stereotypical traits in stereotypical profiles of typical Moravian and Bohemian. In several traits, a typical Moravian mirrors personality traits of a typical Bohemian. Regional stereotypes correspond with national stereotypes of neighboring countries. Economical prosperity or wealth and geographical closeness of regions/nations thus could play a role in stereotype formation and sharing. Study limitations. The present study was based on comparison of whole profiles of personality characteristics only not on comparison of particular traits.
- MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Ethnopsychology methods MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Personality * MeSH
- Personality Tests MeSH
- Self Concept MeSH
- Group Processes * MeSH
- Social Behavior * MeSH
- Stereotyping * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
- Poland MeSH
- Austria MeSH
- Slovakia MeSH
A total of 142 human and 88 calf bifidobacteria were isolated and identified; approximately 12 % of all isolated strains exhibited auto-aggregation (Agg) phenotype (Agg+). Properties considered to be predicting for their adhesion to intestine, i.e. auto-aggregation, and hydrophobicity were determined by xylene extraction in 18 human and 8 calf origin bifidobacteria. Co-aggregation of 8 human bifidobacteria with 8 clostridia was also evaluated. Agg varied between 16.3 and 96.4 %, hydrophobicity values ranged from 0 to 82.8 %. The strongest Agg and hydrophobicity were observed in B. bifidum and B. merycicum isolates. However, there were no statistically significant correlations between these two properties. Variability in the percentage of Agg and hydrophobicity was observed after cultivation of bifidobacteria on different carbon sources. All bifidobacteria showed co-aggregation ability with clostridia tested but there were remarkable differences depending on specific combinations of strains. The bifidobacterial strains with the highest ability to co-aggregate with clostridia were B. bifidum I4 and B. longum I10 isolated from infants; these strains gave also high values of Agg. Agg properties together with co-aggregation ability with potential pathogen can be used for preliminary selection of probiotic bacteria.
- MeSH
- Bacterial Adhesion MeSH
- Bifidobacterium physiology isolation & purification classification growth & development MeSH
- Clostridium physiology isolation & purification growth & development MeSH
- Feces microbiology MeSH
- Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions MeSH
- Culture Media MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Surface Properties MeSH
- Cattle MeSH
- Intestines microbiology MeSH
- Carbon metabolism MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Cattle MeSH
- Animals MeSH
