computer-based assessment Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
In this study we propose a new tool for the perceptual assessment of voice quality. For its design, we have adapted the Simplified Vocal Profile Analysis so that the new tool features two main characteristics: (1) the ordinal scalar degrees of the original protocol are turned into a visual analog scale; and (2) the original paper-based version of the protocol is now a computer-based implementation. In order to assess the reliability of the new tool, five phoneticians listened to 12 different speakers and evaluated their voice quality using the proposed tool. Inter-rater agreement was then calculated using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient. The results show that high agreement was reached for most of the perceptual settings of the protocol. Yet more investigations seem necessary into the continuous nature of the perceptual dimensions making up the voice quality of a speaker. As a preliminary approach to the graphical possibilities that the visual analog scale offers to the Simplified Vocal Profile Analysis, we explore the usefulness of multiple dot plots and propose an adaptation of the Bland-Altman plot to be used in pairwise comparisons. In this study, these visualization techniques are tested on two pairs of identical twins.
- MeSH
- kvalita hlasu * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- měření tvorby řeči MeSH
- počítače * MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- vizuální analogová stupnice MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Genetic testing rapidly penetrates into all medical specialties and medical students must acquire skills in this area. However, many of them consider it difficult. Furthermore, many find these topics less appealing and not connected to their future specialization in different fields of clinical medicine. Student-centred strategies such as problem-based learning, gamification and the use of real data can increase the appeal of a difficult topic such as genetic testing, a field at the crossroads of genetics, molecular biology and bioinformatics. METHODS: We designed an electronic teaching application which students registered in the undergraduate Medical Biology course can access online. A study was carried out to assess the influence of implementation of the new method. We performed pretest/posttest evaluation and analyzed the results using the sign test with median values. We also collected students' personal comments. RESULTS: The newly developed interactive application simulates the process of molecular genetic diagnostics of a hereditary disorder in a family. Thirteen tasks guide students through clinical and laboratory steps needed to reach the final diagnosis. Genetics and genomics are fields strongly dependent on electronic databases and computer-based data analysis tools. The tasks employ publicly available internet bioinformatic resources used routinely in medical genetics departments worldwide. Authenticity is assured by the use of modified and de-identified clinical and laboratory data from real families analyzed in our previous research projects. Each task contains links to databases and data processing tools needed to solve the task, and an answer box. If the entered answer is correct, the system allows the user to proceed to the next task. The solving of consecutive tasks arranged into a single narrative resembles a computer game, making the concept appealing. There was a statistically significant improvement of knowledge and skills after the practical class, and most comments on the application were positive. A demo version is available at https://medbio.lf2.cuni.cz/demo_m/ . Full version is available on request from the authors. CONCLUSIONS: Our concept proved to be appealing to the students and effective in teaching medical molecular genetics. It can be modified for training in the use of electronic information resources in other medical specialties.
- MeSH
- genetické nemoci vrozené diagnóza MeSH
- genetické testování * MeSH
- lékařská genetika výchova MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulární medicína výchova MeSH
- počítačem řízená výuka * MeSH
- problémově orientovaná výuka MeSH
- studium lékařství pregraduální metody MeSH
- uživatelské rozhraní počítače MeSH
- videohry MeSH
- výpočetní biologie výchova MeSH
- vyučování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
Cíl: Kognitivní dysfunkce je podle literárních pramenů jednou z nejčastějších poruch vyvolaných cévní mozkovou příhodou. Navzdory vysokému počtu případů kognitivních poruch po cévní mozkové příhodě jsou možnosti jejich léčby stále poněkud omezené. Cílem této studie bylo posoudit u osob po cévní mozkové příhodě účinnost kognitivního tréninku a zejména programů počítačové kognitivní rehabilitace (computer-based cognitive rehabilitation; CBCR). Metody: Do analýzy byly zahrnuty studie, ve kterých byl u subjektů po cévní mozkové příhodě použit některý z programů CBCR. V databázích PubMed (Medline), Cochrane Database a EBSCO jsme vyhledali publikace vydané od ledna 2007 do července 2016. Všechny zahrnuté studie byly publikovány v angličtině. Výsledky: Kritériím pro zahrnutí vyhovovalo deset studií. Zahrnuté studie tvořilo devět randomizovaných kontrolovaných studií a jedna randomizovaná pilotní studie. Všechny studie byly zaměřeny na obecné nebo doménově specifické kognitivní funkce. Výsledkem většiny zahrnutých studií bylo zlepšení hodnocených funkčních parametrů. Závěr: Přehled vypracovaný autory tohoto článku nám umožňuje konstatovat, že programy CBCR mohou u subjektů po cévní mozkové příhodě přispět ke zlepšení kognitivních funkcí.
Aim: According to literature sources, cognitive dysfunction is one of the most common stroke-induced disorders. Despite the high number of cases of cognitive disorders after stroke, treatment options are still rather limited. The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of cognitive training in individuals after stroke, in particular computer-based cognitive rehabilitation (CBCR) programmes. Methods: The analysis included studies where intervention of a CBCR programme was applied to subjects after stroke. We searched PubMed (Medline), Cochrane Database, and EBSCO for publications between January 2007 and July 2016. All the included studies were published in English. Results: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. The included studies consisted of nine randomised controlled trials and one randomised pilot study. All the studies targeted general or domain-specific cognitive functions. The majority of the included studies resulted in the improvement of the assessed functional outcome measures. Conclusion: The overview conducted by the authors of this article allows us to claim that CBCR programmes may help to improve cognitive functions in subjects after stroke.
- Klíčová slova
- trénink s využitím počítače, počítačová terapie,
- MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda komplikace MeSH
- kognitivní dysfunkce rehabilitace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- počítače MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
- rehabilitace po cévní mozkové příhodě * metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
OBJECTIVE: We investigated the association between APOE ε4 status and spatial navigation in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and assessed the role of hippocampal volume in this association. METHOD: Participants were 74 patients with clinically confirmed aMCI (33 APOE ε4 noncarriers, 26 heterozygous, and 15 homozygous ε4 carriers). Body-centered (egocentric) and world-centered (allocentric) spatial navigation in a computerized human analogue of the Morris Water Maze was assessed. Brain MRI with subsequent automated hippocampal volumetry was included. RESULTS: Groups were similar in neuropsychological profile. Controlling for age, sex, education, and free memory recall, the APOE ε4 carriers performed more poorly on all spatial navigation subtasks (ps < .05). APOE ε4 homozygotes performed worse than heterozygotes (p = .021). Right hippocampal volume accounted for the differences in allocentric and delayed subtasks (ps > .05), but not in the egocentric subtask (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Using an easy-to-use, computer-based tool to assess spatial navigation, we found spatial navigation deficits to worsen in a dose-dependent manner as a function of APOE ε4 status. This was at least partially due to differences in right hippocampal volume.
- MeSH
- amnézie komplikace genetika patologie MeSH
- apolipoprotein E4 genetika MeSH
- funkční lateralita MeSH
- hipokampus patologie MeSH
- kognitivní dysfunkce komplikace genetika patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neuropsychologické testy MeSH
- počítače MeSH
- prostorová navigace fyziologie MeSH
- prostorové učení fyziologie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Standardized terminology for computer-based assessment and reporting of EEG has been previously developed in Europe. The International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology established a taskforce in 2013 to develop this further, and to reach international consensus. This work resulted in the second, revised version of SCORE (Standardized Computer-based Organized Reporting of EEG), which is presented in this paper. The revised terminology was implemented in a software package (SCORE EEG), which was tested in clinical practice on 12,160 EEG recordings. Standardized terms implemented in SCORE are used to report the features of clinical relevance, extracted while assessing the EEGs. Selection of the terms is context sensitive: initial choices determine the subsequently presented sets of additional choices. This process automatically generates a report and feeds these features into a database. In the end, the diagnostic significance is scored, using a standardized list of terms. SCORE has specific modules for scoring seizures (including seizure semiology and ictal EEG patterns), neonatal recordings (including features specific for this age group), and for Critical Care EEG Terminology. SCORE is a useful clinical tool, with potential impact on clinical care, quality assurance, data-sharing, research and education.
Technology within the home environment is becoming widely accepted as a means to facilitate independent living. Nevertheless, practical issues of detecting different tasks between multiple persons within the same environment along with managing instances of uncertainty associated with recorded sensor data are two key challenges yet to be fully solved. This work presents details of how computer vision techniques can be used as both alternative and complementary means in the assessment of behaviour in home based sensorised environments. Within our work we assessed the ability of vision processing techniques in conjunction with sensor based data to deal with instances of multiple occupancy. Our Results indicate that the inclusion of the video data improved the overall process of task identification by detecting and recognizing multiple people in the environment using color based tracking algorithm.
- MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- audiovizuální záznam MeSH
- činnosti denního života MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pohyb MeSH
- pomůcky pro sebeobsluhu MeSH
- postižení zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- studie pohybu a času MeSH
- vnímání pohybu fyziologie MeSH
- životní prostředí MeSH
- zrak MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- MeSH
- hyperlipidemie ekonomika farmakoterapie krev MeSH
- hypolipidemika ekonomika terapeutické užití MeSH
- klasifikační systém DRG klasifikace MeSH
- klinická chemie metody normy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipoproteiny LDL analýza MeSH
- matematické výpočty počítačové MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
