Východiska: Akutní mozkový infarkt (acute cerebral infarction; ACI) je časté cerebrovaskulární onemocnění charakterizované akutním nástupem a závažným stavem. Cíl: Naším cílem bylo posoudit vliv empatie a psychologické intervence win-win na ošetřovatelskou péči o pacienty s ACI v důsledku psychického stresu a vliv různých způsobů zvládání stresu. Metody: Pacienti s ACI (n = 50), kteří byli od června 2021 do prosince 2022 podrobeni rutinní ošetřovatelské intervenci, byli zařazeni do kontrolní skupiny, zatímco pacienti (n = 50), kteří byli od ledna 2023 do června 2024 podrobeni rutinní ošetřovatelské intervenci kombinované s empatií a psychickou intervencí win-win, byli zařazeni do studijní skupiny. Výsledky: Studijní skupina měla vyšší skóre v dimenzi konfrontace, ale nižší skóre v dimenzích vyhýbání se a rezignace než kontrolní skupina (p < 0,05). Skóre General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) se zvýšilo, zatímco skóre Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form (FoP-Q-SF) se snížilo ve srovnání s hodnotami před intervencí v obou skupinách. Studijní skupina měla vyšší skóre GSES, ale nižší skóre FoP-Q-SF než kontrolní skupina (p < 0,05). Skóre Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale se v obou skupinách zvýšilo ve srovnání s hodnotami před intervencí (p < 0,05). Závěr: Empatie a psychologická intervence win-win mohou zmírnit psychický stres pacientů s ACI a jejich příbuzných a zlepšit způsoby, jak pacienti zvládají situaci.

Background: Acute cerebral infarction (ACI) is a common cerebrovascular disease characterized by acute onset and severe condition. Aim: We aimed to assess the effect of empathy and win- -win psychological intervention on the nursing of patients with ACI based on psychological stress and coping styles. Methods: ACI patients (N = 50) who were given routine nursing intervention from June 2021 to December 2022 were enrolled as a control group, while patients (N = 50) who were given routine nursing intervention combined with empathy and win-win psychological intervention from January 2023 to June 2024 were enrolled as a study group. Results: The study group had a higher score in the confrontation dimension, but lower scores in the avoidance and resignation dimensions than those from the control group (P < 0.05). The General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) score increased, while the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form (FoP-Q-SF) score decreased in both groups compared with those before intervention. The study group had a higher GSES score, but a lower FoP-Q-SF score than those from the control group (P < 0.05). The Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale score increased in both groups compared with that before intervention (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Empathy and win-win psychological intervention can alleviate the psychological stress in ACI patients and their relatives, improve patients‘ coping styles.

• Keywords
• psychologická intervence,
• MeSH
• Empathy MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Brain Infarction * nursing   psychology   MeSH
• Nursing MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Resilience, Psychological MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

V súvislosti s obezitou hovoríme o epidémii a Slovensko nie je výnimkou. Obezita je komplexné chronické ochorenie charakterizované dysfunkčným alebo nadmerným množstvom telesného tuku, ktoré zhoršuje zdravie alebo pohodu (z anglického wellbeing) a predstavuje bohatý multidimenzionálny konštrukt (silný genetický aspekt v kombinácii s obezitogénnym prostredím nevynímajúc). Na obezitu je nevyhnutne potrebné prestať nazerať ako na estetický problém, problém slabej vôle, lenivosti, osobnej zodpovednosti alebo voľby životného štýlu. Hmotnosť a obezita sú citlivé a veľmi osobné témy sprevádzané pocitmi zlyhania, hanby, obáv a strachu z odmietnutia a kritiky. Uznanie jej komplexnosti je dôležitou podmienkou pre zmysluplnú diskusiu a liečbu. Empatický a prijímajúci prístup zo strany nás odborníkov preukázateľne zlepšuje adherenciu pacienta a prognózu ochorenia. Vzťah medzi lekárom a pacientom je istým druhom partnerstva a efektívna komunikácia s vhodne zvoleným jazykom zohráva kľúčovú úlohu pri budovaní dôvery a porozumenia. Obezita je liečiteľné ochorenie.

In relation to obesity, we speak of an epidemic, and Slovakia is no exception. Obesity is a complex chronic disease characterized by dysfunctional or excessive body fat that impairs health and/or well-being, representing a rich multidimensional construct (with a strong genetic aspect combined with an obesogenic environment). It is essential to stop viewing obesity merely as an aesthetic issue, a problem of willpower, laziness, personal responsibility, or lifestyle choice. Weight and obesity are sensitive and very personal topics accompanied by feelings of failure, shame, anxiety, and fear of rejection and criticism. Recognizing its complexity is an important condition for meaningful discussion and treatment. An empathetic and accepting approach from us professionals demonstrably improves patient adherence and disease prognosis. The relationship between doctor and patient is a kind of partnership, and effective communication with appropriately chosen language plays a crucial role in building trust and understanding. Obesity is a treatable disease.

• MeSH
• Mental Health MeSH
• Communication MeSH
• Quality of Life MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Obesity * psychology   MeSH
• Physician-Patient Relations MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH

Cosmetic/aesthetic surgery has increased in popularity, reflecting the increased consumer demand. Modern women feel compelled to meet near-impossible standards of beauty. Most of those who undergo cosmetic/aesthetic surgery are (middle-aged) women. Women are often under pressure to meet near-impossible standards of beauty. This study examined cosmetic/aesthetic surgery attitudes and perceptions among 516 Czech middle-aged women. It assessed the perception and attitudes towards cosmetic/aesthetic procedures of middle-aged Czech women and determined the possible factors influencing their level of acceptance through a quantitative survey. The research findings are based on an online questionnaire survey. Based on our analyses, we revealed that acceptance and attitudes towards cosmetic/aesthetic surgery among women can be influenced by the variables such as marital status, place of living, fear of ageing, the importance of physical appearance, occupational status, and partner’s influence. This study provided a first general look at the situation around cosmetic/aesthetic surgery in the context of the Czech Republic. However, to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the acceptance and attitudes towards cosmetic/aesthetic surgery in the Czech Republic, further research should be conducted across the country to assess the attitudes of the wider population (for example, different age groups).

• Keywords
• anti-aging medicína,
• MeSH
• Esthetics * psychology   MeSH
• Physical Appearance, Body MeSH
• Cosmetic Techniques * psychology   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Beauty MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Attitude MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Socioeconomic Factors MeSH
• Plastic Surgery Procedures methods   psychology   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

Východiska: Navzdory rozvoji protinádorové léčby karcinomu v posledních dekádách je kvalita života (quality of life – QoL) těchto pacientů špatná. Cílem této práce bylo zmapovat QoL nemocných s nádory plic v průběhu 1. linie moderní protinádorové terapie v ČR. Materiál a metody: Jedná se o prospektivní multicentrickou práci realizovanou na třech pneumoonkologických pracovištích ve Fakultních nemocnicích Brno, Olomouc a Plzeň. V období od dubna do srpna 2023 byli dotazováni nemocní s nádory plic začínající 1. linii protinádorové terapie o vyplnění dotazníku QoL EQRTC QoL-C30 v době 0, 6 a 12 týdnů. Výsledky: Soubor sestává z 50 pacientů, 60 % mužů, průměrný věk 66,9 roku, 76 % kuřáků, 22 % stadia III, 78 % stadia IV, 84 % nemalobuněčný karcinom plic, 16 % malobuněčný karcinom plic. Celkem 50 % nemocných bylo léčeno chemo/imunoterapií, 20 % imunoterapií, 24 % chemoterapií +/− radioterapií, 6 % tyrozinkinázovými inhibitory. Bylo patrno zlepšení QoL ve smyslu dušnosti, slabosti, deprese a strachu v průběhu léčby. V podskupině léčené chemo/imunoterapií bylo zaznamenáno také zlepšení celkové QoL. Pacienti dosahující kompletní či parciální odpovědi prokazovali zlepšení některých aspektů QoL. Z laboratorních parametrů byla s QoL spjata hladina albuminu. Závěr: QoL pacientů s nádory plic léčených 1. linií protinádorové terapie v české reálné praxi je uspokojivá.

Introduction: Despite of a progress in anticancer treatment in the last decades, quality of life (QoL) of these patients is still very poor. The aim of this study was to monitor QoL during the first line of modern era treatment in lung cancer patients in Czechia. Material and methods: It is a prospective multicenter study realized at three pneumo-oncology departments of University Hospitals in Brno, Olomouc and Pilsen. In the period of time from April to August 2023 we asked patients with non-small cell lung cancer starting the first line of anticancer treatment to fill the questionnaire of QoL “EQRTC QoL-C30” in the time 0 and 6 and 12 weeks. Results: We studied data from 50 patients, 60% men, the average age 66,9 years, 76% smokers, 22% in stage III, 78% in stage IV, 84% non-small cell lung cancer, 16% small cell lung cancer. A total of 50% patients were treated with chemoimmunotherapy, 20% by immunotherapy, 24% by chemotherapy +/− irradiation, and 6% by tyrosine kinase inhibitors. There was a significant improvement of QoL in the mean of dyspnoe, weakness, depression and fear during the treatment. In the subgroup analysis, patients treated with chemo/immunotherapy reached an improvement in total QoL. Subjects with complete/partial response to treatment reached improvement in some aspects of QoL. Out of laboratory parameters, albumin levels were associated with QoL. Conclusion: QoL of patients with lung cancer treated with first-line anticancer treatment in the Czech real-life practice is acceptable.

• MeSH
• Drug Therapy methods   MeSH
• Quality of Life * MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Disease Management MeSH
• Lung Neoplasms * diagnosis   drug therapy   psychology   MeSH
• Prospective Studies MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Multicenter Study MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

AIMS: Despite increasing prevalence, the general population lacks knowledge regarding diagnosis, implications, and management of cardiac arrhythmias (CA). This study aims to assess public perception of CA and identify knowledge gaps. METHODS AND RESULTS: The 36-item PULSE survey was disseminated via social media to the general population and conducted under the auspices of the European Heart Rhythm Association Scientific Initiatives Committee (EHRA SIC) with EHRA patient committee support. Among 3924 participants (2177 healthy, 1747 with previously diagnosed CA; 59% female, 90% European), 81% reported fear of CA. Females were more likely to be 'very' or 'moderately afraid' than males [odds ratio (OR) 1.159 (1.005, 1.337), P = 0.046]. While most recognized complications of CA-heart failure (82%), stroke (80%), and death (75%)-43% were unaware that CA can be asymptomatic. Those with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training in the past 5 years were 2.6 times and 4.7 times more confident identifying sudden cardiac death and initiating CPR (P < 0.001). Confidence was lower in retired participants [OR 0.574 (0.499, 0.660), P < 0.001] and Southern Europeans [OR 0.703 (0.600, 0.824), P < 0.001]. Without CPR training, only 15% felt confident initiating CPR. Among CA participants, 28% reported severe to disabling daily symptoms. Males were more often asymptomatic (20% vs. 9%, P < 0.001). Treatment rates were comparable between sex categories (81% vs. 79%, P = 0.413). Interdisciplinary shared decision-making processes were reported by 4%. Notably, 1 in 10 CA cases was self-diagnosed using a wearable device, and 30% of CA participants used smartwatches for self-monitoring. CONCLUSION: Significant knowledge gaps regarding CA exist in the general population. Targeted educational initiatives could be a viable tool to enhance public knowledge, confidence in detecting and managing arrhythmias, particularly for women, who experience greater fear and symptom severity despite similar treatment rates.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Perception MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Arrhythmias, Cardiac * therapy   diagnosis   psychology   MeSH
• Fear MeSH
• Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Europe MeSH

Background: The care provided to women during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum contributes to optimising well-being and health. Care for both the woman and the newborn should be individualised, supporting free choice in providing care. An essential part of childbirth is bonding, which supports the relationship between the woman and the newborn. Goal: This paper aims to inform about partial data and examine mutual connections regarding the experience of childbirth, midwife, and paediatric nurse care for women and newborns in the early postpartum period in South Bohemian obstetrics wards. Methods: This research used a quantitative method. The data were processed in SPSS and SASD programs. The research group consisted of 361 women; the selection criteria were at least 6 weeks and a maximum of 9 months after childbirth in South Bohemian obstetrics wards. Results: 73.4% of women perceived support from the midwife during childbirth, and 58.7% perceived childbirth as a natural process. Women with complications during childbirth were more likely to perceive the experience of childbirth as average. Women who had psychological difficulties during pregnancy perceived more fear during childbirth. Women who experienced bonding in the delivery room were most satisfied. Conclusion: Women should be informed and prepared for labour and delivery to know what to expect. Health professionals need to receive information from women so that they can provide holistic care and thus support their positive motherhood experience.

• MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Postpartum Period * psychology   MeSH
• Parturition MeSH
• Nurse Midwives MeSH
• Delivery Rooms MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Patient Satisfaction * statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Pregnant People MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Threats to our survival are often posed by the environment in which humans have evolved or live today. Animal and human ancestors developed complex physiological and behavioral response systems to cope with two types of threats: immediate physical harm from predators or conspecifics, triggering fear, and the risk of infections from parasites and pathogens leading to the evolution of the behavioral immune system (BIS) with disgust as the key emotion. Here we ask whether the BIS has adapted to protect us from pandemic risks or poisoning by modern toxic substances. METHODS: We have developed a survey comprised of 60 vignettes describing threats evoking fear and disgust belonging to one of the three main categories of threats: (1) ancestral, (2) modern, and (3) pandemic of airborne disease. Each vignette was evaluated on a 7-point Likert scale based on fear, disgust, and anger. Respondents also completed an assessment battery. RESULTS: The results show that the strongest fear is triggered by modern threats (electricity, car accidents), while the highest disgust is evoked by ancient threats (body waste products, worms). Disgust does not respond to modern threat stimuli such as toxic substances or radioactivity as these evoke mainly fear and anger. A discriminant factor analysis classified nine out of 10 pandemic disgust vignettes into the ancestral disgust category, convincingly assigning the pandemic disgust threats to the ancestral type. Gender, age, and type of education were significant moderators of emotional responses across all threat categories. DISCUSSION: Our study reveals that while fear is more context-dependent, particularly triggered by modern threats, disgust operates on an evolutionarily hardwired basis, making it less effective against contemporary risks. Furthermore, disgust experienced during a pandemic outbreak is more closely aligned with ancestral disgust-related threats tapping into evolutionary ancient survival circuits of the BIS. However, as disgust declines with age, the brain must adaptatively shift the emotional processing from disgust to fear to protect older adults from contamination risks. Finally, our study reveals that pandemic fear is better predicted by specific behaviors rather than general anxiety, suggesting a need for new assessments.

• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

The quality of prenatal care for women during pregnancy, in terms of monitoring somatic development, is generally high. The study aims to evaluate the psychosocial situation (well being) of pregnant women during a physiological pregnancy. The care of psychosocial issues of pregnant women is not systematic and often does not occur at all. Prenatal depression and anxiety are associated with an increased risk of depression even after delivery. To accomplish the goal, the authors chose both the modified Freybergh scale - the Sabbatsberg anxiety - frustration Self-Rating Scale (SDS) and a questionnaire created by the authors of this study. A total of 324 women from various regions were randomly approached, of which 277 were selected for the final evaluation. The scale contains seven categories, each with ten questions. Pregnant women repeatedly took the self-assessment over the duration of their pregnancy. The result is a summary point evaluation. The seven individual groups of questions focused on the evaluation of stress, fear, depression, regression, feelings of guilt, frustration, and aggression. The scale of answers to individual questions offered five options. The questionnaire itself had 14 monitored items and evaluated the difference in symptoms in women with and without psychological distress. The degree of psychological distress was processed using descriptive statistics. Furthermore, it was classified into four equal groups (175 points each), identified as none, mild, moderate and high deprivation. The adjusted effect of the monitored parameters on the psychological distress score was studied using a mixed model. The results of the study draw attention to psychological distress in pregnant women with physiological pregnancies. It is vital to monitor symptoms of psychological distress during physiological pregnancies. In addition, preventive prenatal programs to reduce or prevent psychological distress during pregnancies must be implemented and widely available.

• MeSH
• Depression * psychology   epidemiology   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Pregnancy Complications * psychology   epidemiology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Psychological Distress MeSH
• Stress, Psychological psychology   MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Pregnant People psychology   MeSH
• Anxiety * psychology   epidemiology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

BACKGROUND: Using the perspective of the recent COVID-19 pandemic, which represents a public health challenge that also affects education and the psychological well-being of students, this paper aims to assess the vulnerability to anxiety and stress of the Romanian students from the Faculty of Administration and Business of the University of Bucharest pursuing their degrees in administration and business. METHODS: Our study is based on the results of the survey that was administered to a sample of 422 students (39.6% females and 60.4% males) selected from the pool of 2000 recruited respondents. We employed the ANOVA/linear Dependent Dirichlet Process mixture model to explain the causes of stress and anxiety after various grouping variables represented by gender, specialisation, as well as labour market status. RESULTS: Our results revealed that more than 80% of the students in the sample yielded medium and high vulnerability to stress, while 64% of the respondents were affected by severe anxiety (high frequency of psychological, social, and physical problems that were difficult for them to control). The most important stressors were the fear of getting infected and social distancing, while self-control was considered the most effective coping strategy by 62.6% of employed students. CONCLUSIONS: These results allow us to provide practical recommendations for effectively coping with stress and anxiety among students in Romania and beyond and to help stakeholders and policymakers design strategies for strengthening students' resilience, mental health, and well-being in case of future pandemics or other extreme contexts.

• MeSH
• Adaptation, Psychological * MeSH
• Coping Skills MeSH
• COVID-19 * epidemiology   psychology   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Pandemics MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Stress, Psychological * epidemiology   psychology   MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
• Students * psychology   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Universities MeSH
• Anxiety * epidemiology   psychology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Romania MeSH

Aim: Pre- and postnatal depressive symptoms may have a negative impact on maternal mental health and on mother-child bonding and interactions. The aim of the study was to assess the role of various factors on women's mental health during pregnancy and to evaluate the role of selected health care strategies in preventing mental health issues before and after delivery, with an emphasis on the development of fear of childbirth and postnatal depression. Design: A quantitative study. Methods: A non-standardized 125-item questionnaire was developed with questions about pregnancy, delivery, and puerperium, including questions about mental health, physical health, and different forms of care received before, during and after delivery, as well as personal satisfaction with these forms of care was developed. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to assess depressive symptoms after delivery. Enrollment was purposive, and 361 women between six weeks and nine months postpartum were addressed. Statistical analysis was performed using SASD 1.5.8. Results: Fear of childbirth was found to be positively correlated with mental health issues during pregnancy and with the decision to have a cesarean delivery. No correlation was found between fear of childbirth and antenatal class attendance or trust in health professionals. Postnatal depression was positively correlated with mental health issues during pregnancy and with receiving information from the midwife about psychological changes during pregnancy, but negatively correlated with satisfaction with mother-infant bonding after delivery and with having a birth plan. No correlation was found between postnatal depression and sociodemographic characteristics or physical complications during pregnancy. Conclusion: Mental health issues during pregnancy and postpartum can negatively affect the quality of mother-child interactions and family interactions. It is crucial to pay attention to preventive measures, to educate both midwives and gynecologists about the importance of mental health during pregnancy, and to include mental health interventions during pregnancy in antenatal classes. It is important to pay attention to mother-infant bonding straight in the delivery ward as it is strongly associated with postnatal depression in the mother and well-being of the child.

• Keywords
• Edinburská škála postnatální deprese,
• MeSH
• Mental Health MeSH
• Clinical Studies as Topic methods   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Depression, Postpartum * psychology   MeSH
• Parturition psychology   MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Psychiatric Status Rating Scales * MeSH
• Fear MeSH
• Pregnancy psychology   MeSH
• Mother-Child Relations psychology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Pregnancy psychology   MeSH
• Publication type
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH