• MeSH
• Linear Models MeSH
• Regression Analysis MeSH

• Conspectus
• Statistika
• NML Fields
• statistika, zdravotnická statistika

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: To assess predisposing and precipitating risk factors and create a predictive model for post-stroke delirium. RESEARCH DESIGN: A prospective observational study in a cohort of consecutive patients with ischemic stroke or intracerebral haematoma admitted within 24 hours of stroke onset. METHODS: Patients were assessed daily for delirium during the first week by means of DSM-IV criteria and risk factors were recorded. RESULTS: One hundred patients completed a 7-day evaluation (47 women and 53 men, median age 77 years). An episode of delirium was detected in 43 patients (43%). Using multivariate logistic regression, a predictive statistical model was developed that utilized independent risk factors: age (OR = 1.08; 95% CI = 1.02-1.15); intracerebral haemorrhage (OR = 6.11; 95% CI = 1.62-22.98), lesion volume > 40 ccm (OR = 3.99; 95% CI = 1.29-12.39) and either elevated gamma-glytamyl transferase (OR = 4.88; 95% CI = 1.45-16.35) and elevated serum bilirubin (OR = 3.70; 95% CI = 1.32-10.38) or maximum sequential organ failure assessment score >2 (OR = 3.33; 95% CI = 1.06-10.45) with acceptable sensitivity and specificity (69.0% and 80.7%). In ischemic strokes, total anterior circulation infarctions were more frequently associated with delirium (73.3% developed delirium) compared with the remainder of the groups combined (p = 0.004; OR = 6.66; 95% CI = 1.85-24.01). CONCLUSION: Higher age, metabolic disturbances, intracerebral haemorrhage and larger ischemic hemispheric strokes increase the risk of post-stroke delirium.

• MeSH
• Bilirubin blood   MeSH
• C-Reactive Protein metabolism   MeSH
• Time Factors MeSH
• Cerebral Hemorrhage blood   complications   physiopathology   MeSH
• Stroke blood   complications   physiopathology   MeSH
• Delirium blood   etiology   physiopathology   MeSH
• Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders MeSH
• gamma-Glutamyltransferase blood   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Survival Rate MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
• Prognosis MeSH
• Prospective Studies MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Models, Theoretical MeSH
• Age Factors MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

• MeSH
• Risk Assessment MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Breast Neoplasms pathology   MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Female MeSH

Spondylotic cervical cord compression detected by imaging methods is a prerequisite for the clinical diagnosis of spondylotic cervical myelopathy (SCM). Little is known about the spontaneous course and prognosis of clinically "silent" presymptomatic spondylotic cervical cord compression (P-SCCC). The aim of the present study was to update a previously published model predictive for the development of clinically symptomatic SCM, and to assess the early and late risks of this event in a larger cohort of P-SCCC subjects. A group of 199 patients (94 women, 105 men, median age 51 years) with magnetic resonance signs of spondylotic cervical cord compression, but without clear clinical signs of myelopathy, was followed prospectively for at least 2 years (range 2-12 years). Various demographic, clinical, imaging, and electrophysiological parameters were correlated with the time for the development of symptomatic SCM. Clinical evidence of the first signs and symptoms of SCM within the follow-up period was found in 45 patients (22.6%). The 25th percentile time to clinically manifested myelopathy was 48.4 months, and symptomatic SCM developed within 12 months in 16 patients (35.5%). The presence of symptomatic cervical radiculopathy and electrophysiological abnormalities of cervical cord dysfunction detected by somatosensory or motor-evoked potentials were associated with time-to-SCM development and early development (< or =12 months) of SCM, while MRI hyperintensity predicted later (>12 months) progression to symptomatic SCM. The multivariate predictive model based on these variables correctly predicted early progression into SCM in 81.4% of the cases. In conclusion, electrophysiological abnormalities of cervical cord dysfunction together with clinical signs of cervical radiculopathy and MRI hyperintensity are useful predictors of early progression into symptomatic SCM in patients with P-SCCC. Electrophysiological evaluation of cervical cord dysfunction in patients with cervical radiculopathy or back pain is valuable. Meticulous follow-up is justified in high-risk P-SCCC cases.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Electrodiagnosis methods   MeSH
• Evoked Potentials physiology   MeSH
• Financing, Organized MeSH
• Cohort Studies MeSH
• Spinal Cord Compression diagnosis   physiopathology   MeSH
• Cervical Vertebrae physiopathology   pathology   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging MeSH
• Spinal Cord physiopathology   MeSH
• Models, Neurological MeSH
• Neural Pathways physiopathology   MeSH
• Spinal Osteophytosis diagnosis   physiopathology   MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
• Prognosis MeSH
• Disease Progression MeSH
• Prospective Studies MeSH
• Radiculopathy diagnosis   physiopathology   MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH

BACKGROUND: The cerebellum is one of the major central nervous structures consistently altered in obesity. Its role in higher cognitive function, parts of which are affected by obesity, is mediated through projections to and from the cerebral cortex. We therefore investigated the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and cerebellocerebral connectivity. METHODS: We utilized the Human Connectome Project's Young Adults dataset, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and behavioral data, to perform connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM) restricted to cerebellocerebral connectivity of resting-state fMRI and task-based fMRI. We developed a Python-based open-source framework to perform CPM, a data-driven technique with built-in cross-validation to establish brain-behavior relationships. Significance was assessed with permutation analysis. RESULTS: We found that (i) cerebellocerebral connectivity predicted BMI, (ii) task-general cerebellocerebral connectivity predicted BMI more reliably than resting-state fMRI and individual task-based fMRI separately, (iii) predictive networks derived this way overlapped with established functional brain networks (namely, frontoparietal networks, the somatomotor network, the salience network, and the default mode network), and (iv) we found there was an inverse overlap between networks predictive of BMI and networks predictive of cognitive measures adversely affected by overweight/obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest obesity-specific alterations in cerebellocerebral connectivity, specifically with regard to task execution. With brain areas and brain networks relevant to task performance implicated, these alterations seem to reflect a neurobiological substrate for task performance adversely affected by obesity.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Body Mass Index * MeSH
• Connectome * methods   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging * methods   MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Cerebellum * diagnostic imaging   physiology   MeSH
• Nerve Net diagnostic imaging   physiology   MeSH
• Obesity diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

• MeSH
• CD-ROM MeSH
• Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations MeSH
• Publication type
• Database MeSH

• Conspectus
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NML Fields
• angiologie
• neurologie
• NML Publication type
• CD-ROM

Cíl: cílem práce bylo podle stanovených parametrů vstupní rány a výsledného uložení kovového nitroočního tělesa stanovit korelační závislost obou veličin. Materiál a metodika: do retrospektivní studie bylo zařazeno 50 pacientů (50 očí) s otevřeným poraněním oka a přítomným kovovým nitroočním tělesem. Klinicky zjištěná data vstupní rány a výsledného uložení cizího nitroočního tělesa (CNT) byla převedena do trojrozměrně definovaných parametrů pomocí počítačového modelu. Oba parametry byly statisticky zpracovány metodou korelační analýzy se stanovením korelačního koeficientu a koeficientu determinace. Výsledky: mírou korelace mezi dvěma proměnnými je tzv. koeficient korelace. Koeficient nabývá hodnot od -1 do +1. Čím je jeho hodnota bližší plus nebo minus jedné, tím více jsou veličiny korelované. Koeficient determinace nabývá hodnot od 0 do +1. Čím více se výsledky blíží hodnotě +1, tím lépe model popisuje závislost mezi dvěma veličinami. Výsledky zpracované korelační analýzou prokázaly nejvyšší hodnoty korelačního koeficientu, resp. koeficientu determinace 0,454, resp. 0,6411. Závěr: z výsledků provedené korelační analýzy vyplývá, že pomocí znalosti souřadnic vstupu nedokážeme predikovat konečné souřadnice tělesa v oku. Tyto dvě proměnné jsou navzájem nekorelované a proto přesná predikce konečné polohy tělesa v oku není možná. Na výsledné umístění kovového CNT po vstupu do oka mají zřejmě vlivy biofyzikální faktory, které nebyly zahrnuty do studie.

Aim: The aim of this study was to establish the correlation coefficient between given parameters of the entering wound and final position of the metallic intraocular foreign body. Material and methods: fifty patients (50 eyes) with a penetrating injury of the eye and present metallic intraocular foreign body were included in this study. Clinically found data of the entering wound and final position of the intraocular foreign body (IFB) as well were transformed with a computer model into the three-dimensional parameters. Both chirurparameters were statistically evaluated by means of correlation analysis, and correlation coefficient and determination coefficient were calculated. Results: The extent of correlation between two variables is called correlation coefficient. The coefficient values range between -1 to +1. The closer is the calculated value to ranges (to -1 or to +1) the more are the two variables more correlated. The coefficient of determination values range from 0 to +1. The closer the results are to +1, the better the model describes the dependence between the two variables. The results obtained by means of correlation analysis were for the correlation coefficient 0.454, and for the coefficient of determination 0.6411 respectively. Results: Results of the correlation analysis show that the knowledge of coordinates of the entering wound has no prediction value for final position of the foreign body in the eye. These two variables are not correlated and so the accurate final position of the foreign body cannot be predicted. The final position of the intraocular metallic foreign body is probably influenced by biophysical factors not included in this study.

• MeSH
• Eye Foreign Bodies MeSH
• Data Interpretation, Statistical MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Numerical Analysis, Computer-Assisted MeSH
• Radiography methods   utilization   MeSH
• Retrospective Studies MeSH
• Vitrectomy utilization   MeSH
• Imaging, Three-Dimensional utilization   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

Cíl práce: Cílem naší práce bylo popsat současnou epidemiologickou situaci Hodgkinova lymfomu (HL) s možnou globální predikcí pro rok 2040. Metodika: Data o incidenci a mortalitě HL jsme získali pomocí databáze GLOBOCAN. Hodnocení bylo provedeno speciálně pro muže a ženy a společně, ve věkovém rozmezí 0–85+ roků. Epidemiologická data naznačují mírný kontinuální nárůst incidence HL s mírně klesajícím trendem mortality onemocnění v ekonomicky vyspělých zemích. Výsledky: V Evropě vykazovala incidence HL v recentním období 2000–2010 mírný rostoucí trend u obou pohlaví. Nejnižší incidence v mužské populaci byla pozorována ve Švédsku, v ženské populaci na Maltě. Nejvyšší hodnota incidence byla pro obě pohlaví pozorována v Itálii. Nejnižší hodnota mortality HL v mužské populaci byla pozorována v Norsku, v ženské populaci na Islandu. Nejvyšší hodnota mortality byla v mužské populaci v Bulharsku, v ženské populaci v Polsku. Vyšší hodnoty incidence i mortality byly evidovány v populaci mužů. V roce 2040 bude v Evropě hlášeno 19 788 nových případů HL (104 317 ve světě), počet úmrtí bude v roce 2040 4 633 úmrtí (34 237 ve světě). Závěr: HL v Evropě vykazuje v preskripčním období 2000–2010 kontinuálně rostoucí trend incidence, ale kontinuálně klesající trend v mortalitě. V roce 2020 byla v rámci Evropy nejnižší hodnota incidence hlášena ve střední a východní Evropě, nejvyšší hodnota incidence byla hlášena v jižní Evropě. Ve stejném roce byla nejnižší hodnota úmrtnosti hlášena v západní Evropě, nejvyšší hodnota byla hlášena ve střední a východní Evropě. Modelování epidemiologie onemocnění pro svět pro rok 2040 je důležité, protože onemocnění bude i v budoucnu běžnější u mužské populace.

The aim of the work: The aim of our work was to describe the current epidemiological situation of Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) with a possible global prediction for the year 2040. Methods: We obtained data on incidence and mortality of HL using the GLOBOCAN database. The rating was done specifically for men and women and together, with an age range of 0–85+ years. For the possibility of international comparison, the data are evaluated in the format of age standardized incidence/mortality (Age Standardized Rate – ASR) related to the world population – ASR (W). Results: In the period 2000–2010, the incidence of the lowest values in the male population in Sweden reached 1.90 ASR (W), the highest values reached 3.45 ASR (W) in Italy. In the female population, the lowest incidence was reported in Malta 1.63 ASR (W), the highest in Italy 3.34 ASR (W). The lowest mortality in the male population was reported in Norway at 0.21 ASR (W), the highest value was in Bulgaria at 0.85 ASR (W). In the female population, the lowest mortality value was reported in Iceland 0.09 ASR (W), the highest value in Poland 0.43 ASR (W). In 2040, 19,788 new cases of HL will be reported in Europe (104,317 in the world), the number of deaths will be 4,633 deaths in 2040 (34,237 in the world). Conclusion: HL in Europe shows a continuously increasing trend of incidence in the prescription period 2000–2010, but continuously decreasing trend in mortality. In 2020, within Europe, the lowest incidence value was reported in Central and Eastern Europe, the highest incidence value was reported in Southern Europe. In the same year, the lowest value of mortality was reported in Western Europe, the highest value was reported in Central and Eastern Europe. Modeling the epidemiology of the disease for the world for the year 2040 is important, as the disease will continue to be more common in the male population in the future.

• MeSH
• Epidemiologic Studies * MeSH
• Hodgkin Disease * epidemiology   mortality   MeSH
• Tobacco Smoking adverse effects   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Alcohol Drinking adverse effects   MeSH
• Registries MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Socioeconomic Factors MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Geographicals
• Europe MeSH

BACKGROUND: The presence of ACPA significantly increases the risk of developing RA. Dysregulation of lymphocyte subpopulations was previously described in RA. Our objective was to propose the predictive model for progression to clinical arthritis based on peripheral lymphocyte subsets and ACPA in individuals who are at risk of RA. METHODS: Our study included 207 at-risk individuals defined by the presence of arthralgias and either additional ACPA positivity or meeting the EULAR definition for clinically suspect arthralgia. For the construction of predictive models, 153 individuals with symptom duration ≥12 months who have not yet progressed to arthritis were included. The lymphocyte subsets were evaluated using flow cytometry and anti-CCP using ELISA. RESULTS: Out of all individuals with arthralgia, 41 progressed to arthritis. A logistic regression model with baseline peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations and ACPA as predictors was constructed. The resulting predictive model showed that high anti-CCP IgG, higher percentage of CD4+ T cells, and lower percentage of T and NK cells increased the probability of arthritis development. Moreover, the proposed classification decision tree showed that individuals having both high anti-CCP IgG and low NK cells have the highest risk of developing arthritis. CONCLUSIONS: We propose a predictive model based on baseline levels of lymphocyte subpopulations and ACPA to identify individuals with arthralgia with the highest risk of progression to clinical arthritis. The final model includes T cells and NK cells, which are involved in the pathogenesis of RA. This preliminary model requires further validation in larger at-risk cohorts.

• MeSH
• Arthralgia * immunology   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Lymphocyte Subsets * immunology   MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
• Disease Progression * MeSH
• Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies * blood   immunology   MeSH
• Arthritis, Rheumatoid * immunology   blood   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH