• Konspekt
• Biologické vědy
• NLK Obory
• biologie
• neurovědy
• embryologie a teratologie
• genetika, lékařská genetika

• MeSH
• angiotensin I antagonisté a inhibitory   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• echokardiografie metody   MeSH
• funkce levé komory srdeční MeSH
• inhibitory ACE MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků terapeutické užití   MeSH
• srdeční selhání farmakoterapie   MeSH
• valin analogy a deriváty   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• valsartan MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• játra MeSH
• nemoci jater MeSH
• Publikační typ
• monografie MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• hepatologie
• fyziologie

• MeSH
• elektrofyziologie metody   MeSH
• elektrokardiografie přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• převodní systém srdeční MeSH
• teoretické modely MeSH

The GPCR signalling cascade is a key pathway responsible for the signal transduction of a multitude of physical and chemical stimuli, including light, odorants, neurotransmitters and hormones. Understanding the structural and functional properties of the GPCR cascade requires direct observation of signalling processes in high spatial and temporal resolution, with minimal perturbation to endogenous systems. Optical microscopy and spectroscopy techniques are uniquely suited to this purpose because they excel at multiple spatial and temporal scales and can be used in living objects. Here, we review recent developments in microscopy and spectroscopy technologies which enable new insights into GPCR signalling. We focus on advanced techniques with high spatial and temporal resolution, single-molecule methods, labelling strategies and approaches suitable for endogenous systems and large living objects. This review aims to assist researchers in choosing appropriate microscopy and spectroscopy approaches for a variety of applications in the study of cellular signalling. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue Complexity of GPCR Modulation and Signaling (ERNST). To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v182.14/issuetoc.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikroskopie * metody   MeSH
• receptory spřažené s G-proteiny * chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• signální transdukce MeSH
• spektrální analýza * metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

• MeSH
• kardiologie MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kongresy MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• radiologie, nukleární medicína a zobrazovací metody

AIM: Vericiguat significantly reduced the primary composite outcome of heart failure (HF) hospitalization or cardiovascular death in the VICTORIA trial. It is unknown if these outcome benefits are related to reverse left ventricular (LV) remodelling with vericiguat in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The aim of this study was to compare the effects of vericiguat versus placebo on LV structure and function after 8 months of therapy in patients with HFrEF. METHODS AND RESULTS: Standardized transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was performed at baseline and after 8 months of therapy in a subset of HFrEF patients in VICTORIA. The co-primary endpoints were changes in LV end-systolic volume index (LVESVI) and LV ejection fraction (LVEF). Quality assurance and central reading were performed by an echocardiographic core laboratory blinded to treatment assignment. A total of 419 patients (208 vericiguat, 211 placebo) with high-quality paired TTE at baseline and 8 months were included. Baseline clinical characteristics were well balanced between treatment groups and echocardiographic characteristics were representative of patients with HFrEF. LVESVI significantly declined (60.7 ± 26.8 to 56.8 ± 30.4 ml/m2 ; p < 0.01) and LVEF significantly increased (33.0 ± 9.4% to 36.1 ± 10.2%; p < 0.01) in the vericiguat group, but similarly in the placebo group (absolute changes for vericiguat vs. placebo: LVESVI -3.8 ± 15.4 vs. -7.1 ± 20.5 ml/m2 ; p = 0.07 and LVEF +3.2 ± 8.0% vs. +2.4 ± 7.6%; p = 0.31). The absolute rate per 100 patient-years of the primary composite endpoint at 8 months tended to be lower in the vericiguat group (19.8) than the placebo group (29.6) (p = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS: In this pre-specified echocardiographic study, significant improvements in LV structure and function occurred over 8 months in both vericiguat and placebo in a high-risk HFrEF population with recent worsening HF. Further studies are warranted to define the mechanisms of vericiguat's benefit in HFrEF.

• MeSH
• echokardiografie MeSH
• funkce levé komory srdeční MeSH
• heterocyklické sloučeniny bicyklické * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• srdeční selhání * diagnostické zobrazování   farmakoterapie   chemicky indukované   MeSH
• tepový objem MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Little is still known about the effect of dietary patterns on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Here, we derived dietary patterns by principal component analysis (PCA) and evaluated their association with LV structure, function, and remodelling. Our cross-sectional study included 438 members (aged 25-65 years; 59.1% women) of the Kardiovize Brno 2030 with no history of cardiovascular disease. Two dietary patterns were derived using PCA, namely prudent and western. Primary outcomes were echocardiographic parameters and LV geometric patterns, such as concentric LV remodelling (cLVR), concentric LVH (cLVH), and eccentric LVH (eLVH). Interestingly, participants with high adherence to the prudent dietary pattern had decreased odds of cLVH after adjustment for socio-demographic, clinical and behavioral covariates (OR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.08-0.88; p = 0.031). By contrast, several echocardiographic parameters increased with increasing adherence to the western dietary pattern, which resulted in higher odds of cLVH among participants with high adherence (OR = 5.38, 95% CI = 1.17-23.58; p = 0.035). Although our findings may have an immediate relevance for public-health strategies, further large-size prospective studies should be encouraged to better understand the observed association and their causality.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektrokardiografie MeSH
• kardiomegalie patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• logistické modely MeSH
• remodelace komor * MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• srdeční komory diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• stravovací zvyklosti * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• anatomie MeSH
• pohyb MeSH

• Konspekt
• Anatomie člověka a srovnávací anatomie
• NLK Obory
• anatomie

• Konspekt
• Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie
• NLK Obory
• fyziologie