BACKGROUND: Schistosoma mansoni was introduced from Africa to the Americas during the transatlantic slave trade and remains a major public health problem in parts of South America and the Caribbean. This study presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of three S. mansoni strains with different geographical origins-from Liberia, Belo Horizonte and Puerto Rico. We demonstrated significant variation in virulence and host-parasite interactions. METHODS: We investigated the phenotypic characteristics of the parasite and its eggs, as well as the immunopathologic effects on laboratory mouse organ systems. RESULTS: Our results show significant differences in worm morphology, worm burden, egg size, and pathologic organ changes between these strains. The Puerto Rican strain showed the highest virulence, as evidenced by marked liver and spleen changes and advanced liver fibrosis indicated by increased collagen content. In contrast, the strains from Liberia and Belo Horizonte had a less pathogenic profile with less liver fibrosis. We found further variations in granuloma formation, cytokine expression and T-cell dynamics, indicating different immune responses. CONCLUSION: Our study emphasizes the importance of considering intra-specific variations of S. mansoni for the development of targeted therapies and public health strategies. The different virulence patterns, host immune responses and organ pathologies observed in these strains provide important insights for future research and could inform region-specific interventions for schistosomiasis control.
- MeSH
- cytokiny metabolismus MeSH
- interakce hostitele a parazita MeSH
- játra * parazitologie patologie MeSH
- myši MeSH
- Schistosoma mansoni * patogenita genetika imunologie MeSH
- schistosomiasis mansoni * parazitologie imunologie patologie MeSH
- slezina parazitologie patologie imunologie MeSH
- virulence MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Libérie MeSH
- Portoriko MeSH
- MeSH
- cestování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- očkovací programy MeSH
- očkovací schéma MeSH
- slezina imunologie patologie MeSH
- těhotenství účinky léků MeSH
- vakcinace * metody MeSH
- vakcíny klasifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství účinky léků MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Lymphocytes, which are highly sensitive to radiation, play a crucial role in the body's defense against tumors. Radiation-induced lymphopenia has been associated with poorer outcomes in different cancer types. Despite being the largest secondary lymphoid organ, the spleen has not been officially designated as an organ at risk. This study hypothesizes a connection between spleen irradiation and lymphopenia and seeks to establish evidence-based dosage limits for the spleen. We retrospectively analyzed data from 96 patients with locally advanced gastric cancer who received postoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) between May 2010 and May 2017. Complete blood counts were collected before, during and after CRT. We established a model for predicting the minimum absolute lymphocyte count (Min ALC) and to investigate potential associations between spleen dosimetric variables and Min ALC. The median follow-up was 60 months. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were 65.2% and 56.8%, respectively. The median values of pre-treatment ALC, Min ALC and post-treatment ALC were 1.40 × 109, 0.23 × 109 and 0.28 × 109/L, respectively. Regression analysis confirmed that the primary tumor location, number of fractions and spleen V5 were significant predictors of Min ALC during radiation therapy. Changes in ALC (ΔALC) were identified as an independent predictor of both OS and DFS. Spleen V5 is an independent predictor for Min ALC, and the maximum dose of the spleen is associated with an increased risk of severe lymphopenia. Therefore, these doses should be restricted in clinical practice. Additionally, ΔALC can serve as a prognostic indicator for adjuvant radiotherapy in gastric cancer.
- MeSH
- celková dávka radioterapie MeSH
- chemoradioterapie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfopenie * etiologie MeSH
- nádory žaludku * radioterapie patologie MeSH
- počet lymfocytů MeSH
- přežití po terapii bez příznaků nemoci MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- slezina * účinky záření patologie MeSH
- vztah dávky záření a odpovědi MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The Gram-negative, obligate intracellular tick-transmitted pathogen Anaplasma phagocytophilum can cause acute febrile diseases in humans and domestic animals. The expansion of the tick Ixodes ricinus (Linnaeus, 1758) in northern Europe due to climate change is of serious concern for animal and human health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of A. phagocytophilum infection in moose Alces alces (Linnaeus) calves by evaluating the carcass weights of infected and non-infected animals and examining animal tissues samples for co-infections with either species of Babesia Starcovici, 1893 or bacteria of the genus Bartonella. The carcasses of 68 free-ranging moose calves were weighed by hunters during the hunting seasons from 2014 to 2017 in two regions in southern Norway and spleen samples were collected. Anaplasma phagocytophilum was detected in moose sampled from locations infected with ticks with a prevalence of 82% (n = 46). The carcass weights of A. phagocytophilum-infected calves (n = 46) and non-infected (n = 22) calves were compared. Although the average weight of infected calves (45.6 kg) was lower than that of non-infected calves (46.5 kg), the difference was not statistically significant. Three different variants of the bacterium 16S rRNA gene were identified. The average weight of animals infected with variant I was 49.9 kg, whereas that of animals infected with variant III was 42.0 kg, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.077). Co-infections of A. phagocytophilum with Bartonella spp. or with Babesia spp. were found in 20 and two calves, respectively. A triple infection was found in two calves. Sequence analysis of the 18S rRNA gene of Babesia-positive samples revealed the presence of Babesia cf. odocoilei (Emerson et Wright, 1970). Strains of Bartonella closely related to Bartonella bovis (Bermond, Boulouis, Heller, Laere, Monteil, Chomel, Sander, Dehio et Piemont, 2002) were identified based on phylogenetic analysis of the gltA and rpoB genes. The loss of body mass in moose calves in the tick-infected site was probably influenced by multiple factors.
- MeSH
- Anaplasma phagocytophilum * klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Babesia genetika MeSH
- Bartonella genetika MeSH
- DNA bakterií chemie genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- ehrlichióza komplikace epidemiologie patologie veterinární MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- oligonukleotidy chemie MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce veterinární MeSH
- sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
- slezina mikrobiologie patologie MeSH
- tělesná hmotnost MeSH
- vysoká zvěř * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Norsko MeSH
- MeSH
- anamnéza MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- erytém etiologie MeSH
- fatální výsledek MeSH
- Gaucherova nemoc diagnóza farmakoterapie MeSH
- histiocytóza z Langerhansových buněk diagnóza farmakoterapie MeSH
- klinické rozhodování MeSH
- komorbidita MeSH
- kostní dřeň patologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- myeloidní leukemie diagnóza terapie MeSH
- Niemannova-Pickova nemoc diagnóza MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- ruptura sleziny chirurgie diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- sfingomyelinfosfodiesterasa nedostatek MeSH
- slezina patologie MeSH
- splenektomie MeSH
- transplantace kmenových buněk MeSH
- trombocytopenie * diagnóza etiologie terapie MeSH
- vemurafenib aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- vyšetřování kostní dřeně MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- krevní ztráta,
- MeSH
- břišní dutina chirurgie patologie MeSH
- FAST vyšetření MeSH
- fraktury kostí patologie MeSH
- hematom chirurgie MeSH
- hemoperitoneum chirurgie MeSH
- hemotorax chirurgie MeSH
- krvácení diagnostické zobrazování patologie terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- péče o pacienty v kritickém stavu organizace a řízení MeSH
- polytrauma diagnóza MeSH
- posouzení stavu pacienta MeSH
- rány a poranění * diagnostické zobrazování terapie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- slezina chirurgie patologie zranění MeSH
- splenektomie MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
- tekutinová terapie metody MeSH
- třídění pacientů klasifikace metody MeSH
- ultrasonografie MeSH
- úrazy pádem MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Chronic kidney disease stage 5 (CKD5) dialysis patients who stay long term in uremic environment often exhibit several, poorly defined, immune impairments. In this study, we assessed peripheral virus-specific effector/memory cells and subpopulations of T, B and DC cells using ELISPOT and FACS methods in 74 low-risk kidney transplant candidates without anti-HLA antibodies, prior to transplantation in pre-emptive (never experienced dialysis) and dialysis cohorts. There was difference in circulating marginal zone B cells (MZB) (IgDhighCD27high) between dialysis patients and those receiving kidney grafts pre-emptively (P = .002). Patients treated on dialysis >12 months had also 4.2-fold greater risk of increased absolute numbers of MZB (95%CI:1.6-11.2; P = .004). There were no other differences in B-, T- and DC-cell subsets. Numbers of effector/memory T cells reactive to major opportunistic virus-specific antigens (CMV, BKV and EBV) were not affected by dialysis. Non-sensitised dialysis-treated patients displayed significantly more circulating MZB compared to those CKD5 patients that had never undergone dialysis therapy.
- MeSH
- antigeny CD27 metabolismus MeSH
- B-lymfocyty imunologie MeSH
- chronická renální insuficience imunologie terapie MeSH
- dendritické buňky imunologie MeSH
- dialýza MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- ELISPOT MeSH
- imunologická paměť MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- slezina patologie MeSH
- T-lymfocyty imunologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
1. Selection strategies for broilers must balance rapid growth with the welfare and health of animals, strategies must deal with the trade-off with other vital functions.2. Divergent selection of Japanese quail for high (HG) and low (LG) relative body weight gain between 11 and 28 days of age has been conducted to accelerate linear phase growth without influencing the final adult body weight. Higher body growth rate is often connected with a weakened immune system. Therefore, the present study explored the immunological characterisation of quail from HG and LG lines, which differ substantially in their growth rate.3. The trial evaluated the maternal investment to immunologically active substances, cell-mediated immunity stimulated by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) injection and the acute phase of the immune response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration in three different phases of early postnatal growth.4. Except for higher lysozyme activity in the LG group when compared to the HG line, the maternal investment did not differ between the two lines. Plasma antibody concentrations responded quickly to any change in growth rate in both lines. Overall, it seems that initial rapid growth of the LG line had long-lasting effects on immune responsiveness, even after the growth rate of the HG line escalated during the linear phase of growth.5. The study indicated that changes in the growth rate caused by the selection for growth in meat-type Japanese quail can influence the acute phase of the immune response and development of the immune system.
- MeSH
- buněčná imunita MeSH
- bursa Fabricii anatomie a histologie patologie MeSH
- Coturnix růst a vývoj imunologie MeSH
- exprese genu MeSH
- fytohemaglutininy aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- hmotnostní přírůstek imunologie MeSH
- imunitní systém růst a vývoj imunologie MeSH
- imunoglobuliny analýza MeSH
- interleukin-6 genetika MeSH
- lipopolysacharidy aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- muramidasa analýza MeSH
- protilátky krev MeSH
- slezina anatomie a histologie patologie MeSH
- vejce analýza klasifikace MeSH
- velikost orgánu MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The exceptionally high cellular uptake of gold nanorods (GNRs) bearing cationic surfactants makes them a promising tool for biomedical applications. Given the known specific toxic and stress effects of some preparations of cationic nanoparticles, the purpose of this study was to evaluate, in an in vitro and in vivo in mouse, the potential harmful effects of GNRs coated with (16-mercaptohexadecyl)trimethylammonium bromide (MTABGNRs). Interestingly, even after cellular accumulation of high amounts of MTABGNRs sufficient for induction of photothermal effect, no genotoxicity (even after longer-term accumulation), induction of autophagy, destabilization of lysosomes (dominant organelles of their cellular destination), alterations of actin cytoskeleton, or in cell migration could be detected in vitro. In vivo, after intravenous administration, the majority of GNRs accumulated in mouse spleen followed by lungs and liver. Microscopic examination of the blood and spleen showed that GNRs interacted with white blood cells (mononuclear and polymorphonuclear leukocytes) and thrombocytes, and were delivered to the spleen red pulp mainly as GNR-thrombocyte complexes. Importantly, no acute toxic effects of MTABGNRs administered as 10 or 50 μg of gold per mice, as well as no pathological changes after their high accumulation in the spleen were observed, indicating good tolerance of MTABGNRs by living systems.
- MeSH
- autofagie účinky léků MeSH
- kvartérní amoniové sloučeniny metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lyzozomy účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- mezenchymální kmenové buňky cytologie účinky léků MeSH
- mikrofilamenta účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- mutageny toxicita MeSH
- myši inbrední C57BL MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- nanotrubičky chemie toxicita ultrastruktura MeSH
- podocyty účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- pohyb buněk účinky léků MeSH
- poškození DNA MeSH
- slezina účinky léků patologie MeSH
- sulfhydrylové sloučeniny metabolismus MeSH
- tkáňová distribuce MeSH
- trombocyty účinky léků patologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- zlato metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
