BACKGROUND: Although neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (NM-MRI) has been used to evaluate early neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease, studies concentrating on the locus coeruleus (LC) in pre-dementia stages of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are lacking. OBJECTIVES: The aims were to evaluate NM-MRI signal changes in the LC in patients with mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies (MCI-LB) compared to healthy controls (HC) and to identify the cognitive correlates of the changes. We also aimed to test the hypothesis of a caudal-rostral α-synuclein pathology spread using NM-MRI of the different LC subparts. METHODS: A total of 38 MCI-LB patients and 59 HCs underwent clinical and cognitive testing and NM-MRI of the LC. We calculated the contrast ratio of NM-MRI signal (LC-CR) in the whole LC as well as in its caudal, middle, and rostral MRI slices, and we compared the LC-CR values between the MCI-LB and HC groups. Linear regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship between the LC-CR and cognitive outcomes. RESULTS: The MCI-LB group exhibited a significant reduction in the right LC-CR compared to HCs (P = 0.021). The right LC-CR decrease was associated with impaired visuospatial memory in the MCI-LB group. Only the caudal part of the LC exhibited significant LC-CR decreases in MCI-LB patients compared to HCs on both sides (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study that focuses on LC-CRs in MCI-LB patients and analyzes the LC subparts, offering new insights into the LC integrity alterations in the initial stages of DLB and their clinical correlates. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

• MeSH
• alfa-synuklein metabolismus   MeSH
• demence s Lewyho tělísky * diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce * diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   patofyziologie   etiologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• locus coeruleus * diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie * MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of overall, between- and within-day subjectively rated fluctuations in motor and non-motor symptoms in people with functional motor disorder (FMD) on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL). BACKGROUND: FMD is a complex condition characterized by fluctuating motor and non-motor symptoms that may negatively impact HRQoL. METHODS: Seventy-seven patients (54 females, mean age 45.4 ± 10.4 years) with a clinically established diagnosis of FMD, including weakness, completed symptom diaries, rating the severity of motor and non-motor symptoms (i.e., pain, fatigue, mood, cognitive difficulties) on a 10-point numerical scale three times daily for seven consecutive days. HRQoL was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire. For the analysis, fluctuation magnitude was defined in terms of the variability in self-reported symptom scores. RESULTS: The mental component of SF-36 was jointly predicted by the overall severity scores (t(74) = -3.61, P < 0.001) and overall general fluctuations (t(74) = -2.98, P = 0.004). The physical SF-36 was found to be related only to the overall symptom severity scores (t(74) = -7.09, P < 0.001), but not to the overall fluctuations. The assessment of the impact of different components showed that the mental component of SF-36 was significantly influenced by the combined effect of average fatigue (t(73) = -3.86, P < 0.001), between-day cognitive symptoms fluctuations (t(73) = -3.22, P = 0.002), and within-day mood fluctuations (t(73) = -2.48, P = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated the impact of self-reported symptom fluctuations across multiple motor and non-motor domains on mental but not physical HRQoL in FMD and highlighted the importance of assessing and managing fluctuations in clinical practice.

• MeSH
• afekt fyziologie   MeSH
• bolest psychologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kvalita života * psychologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pohybové poruchy psychologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
• únava * psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

RATIONALE: Patients who experience seizures, including PNES, are usually advised to discontinue driving, or have their driving privileges revoked until a determined period of seizure-freedom is achieved. In this retrospective study, patients with PNES who requested driving privileges or reported having resumed driving were compared to those who did not on measures of depression, anxiety, PTSD, and cognitive flexibility/motor speed. METHODS: DiagnosisofPNESwasconfirmedwithvideo-EEG.Demographicand clinical dataand requests for reinstatement of driving privileges (requiring 6 or more months seizure freedom) and reports of decisions to resume driving were noted. Tests of motor speed and hand eye coordination and self-report questionnaires of depression, anxiety and PTSD administered as part of neuropsychological assessment were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 403 patients with PNES evaluated in 2010-2020 were identified. Of those, 365 patients were eligible for inclusion, and of those, 60 applied for driving privileges or reported that they resumed driving. When the two groups were compared, the group that applied for driving privileges or decided to resume driving was significantly less depressed (p = 0.001) when tested than the group that did not. Furthermore, a significant difference was seen in measures of motor performance between those who requested to resume driving and those who did not (DKEFS T1, p = 0.006, DKEFS T2, p = 0.001, DKEFS T3, p = 0.002, DKEFS T4, p = 0.001; GPT dominant, p = 0.05, GPT non-dominant, p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: Driving a motor vehicle is a useful measure of improvement for PNES because patients with seizures are required to discontinue driving until seizure-freedom is achieved. This study revealed that lower levels of depression and better fine motor functioning were associated with reported seizure-freedom and driving resumption. Depression is commonly associated with diminished performance (slower motor response times and impaired fine motor movements) on tests of motor functioning, both of which may result in less interest in pursuing permission to resume driving. These findings suggest that mood symptoms (and associated performance on measures of motor speed and coordination) may have prognostic significance in patients diagnosed with PNES. This also suggests that timely treatment of depression in newly diagnosed patients with PNES may be indicated.

• MeSH
• deprese psychologie   diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektroencefalografie MeSH
• konverzní poruchy psychologie   diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• posttraumatická stresová porucha psychologie   diagnóza   MeSH
• psychomotorický výkon fyziologie   MeSH
• psychosomatické poruchy diagnóza   psychologie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• řízení motorových vozidel * psychologie   MeSH
• úzkost psychologie   etiologie   diagnóza   MeSH
• záchvaty * psychologie   diagnóza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The aim of this work was to study the effect of deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) on the subnetwork of subcortical and cortical motor regions and on the whole brain connectivity using the functional connectivity analysis in Parkinson's disease (PD). The high-density source space EEG was acquired and analyzed in 43 PD subjects in DBS on and DBS off stimulation states (off medication) during a cognitive-motor task. Increased high gamma band (50-100 Hz) connectivity within subcortical regions and between subcortical and cortical motor regions was significantly associated with the Movement Disorders Society - Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) III improvement after DBS. Whole brain neural correlates of cognitive performance were also detected in the high gamma (50-100 Hz) band. A whole brain multifrequency connectivity profile was found to classify optimal and suboptimal responders to DBS with a positive predictive value of 0.77, negative predictive value of 0.55, specificity of 0.73, and sensitivity of 0.60. Specific connectivity patterns related to PD, motor symptoms improvement after DBS, and therapy responsiveness predictive connectivity profiles were uncovered.

• MeSH
• elektroencefalografie metody   MeSH
• hluboká mozková stimulace * metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mozek patofyziologie   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• nucleus subthalamicus * patofyziologie   MeSH
• Parkinsonova nemoc * terapie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Léze lícního nervu vede ve všech fázích onemocnění k celé řadě funkčních, motorických i psychických omezení. Akutní terapie má v neurologii a neurochirurgii již dlouhou dobu definované postupy na základech evidence based medicine. V navazující rehabilitační terapii jsou však postupy nekonzistentní, terapie jsou aplikovány dle empirických zkušeností, s malou oporou v evidenci. V současné době jsou již některé postupy ověřovány, ale stále buď na malém vzorku pacientů, nebo pouze v jednotlivých oblastech. Např. v oblasti elektroterapie jsou metodiky nejednotné, bez jednoznačně definovaných doporučení. K účinku relaxačních metod, masáží a manuální lymfatické drenáže neexistují rovněž žádná přesvědčivá data. Pozitivně se jeví využití zrcadlové terapie a virtuální terapie s biofeedbackem, ale i zde je potřebné sjednotit postup a doplnit evidenci.

Facial nerve lesions lead to a variety of functional, motor, and psychological limitations in all stages of the disease. Acute therapy in neurology and neurosurgery has long defined procedures based on evidence-based medicine. However, in follow-up, rehabilitation therapy procedures are inconsistent, with therapies applied according to empirical experience with little support from the evidence. Currently, some procedures are already being validated, but still either in a small sample of patients or only in individual areas. For example, in the field of electrotherapy, methodologies are inconsistent, without clearly defined recommendations. There are also no conclusive data on the effect of relaxation methods, massage, and manual lymphatic drainage. The use of mirror therapy and virtual therapy with biofeedback is positive, but here too, there appears a need for standardization of practice and the addition of evidence.

• MeSH
• faciální paralýza * diagnóza   rehabilitace   terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci lícního nervu diagnóza   rehabilitace   terapie   MeSH
• neurologické vyšetření metody   MeSH
• neurorehabilitace * metody   MeSH
• zrcadlová terapie v rehabilitaci MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

Sleep symptoms, including excessive sleepiness, are frequently reported by patients with functional motor disorders (FMD). We aimed to classify the comorbid sleep disorders in FMD, and to investigate the relationship between subjective sleepiness and objective measures of hypersomnia, comparing them with data from people with central hypersomnia. A total of 37 patients (mean [SD] age 46.4 [11.2] years) with clinically definite FMD, and 17 patients (mean [SD] age 41.1 [11.6] years) with central hypersomnia underwent structured medical and sleep history, neurological examination, polysomnography, multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), and questionnaires assessing sleepiness, fatigue, and depression. In all, 23 patients with FMD (62%) reported excessive daytime sleepiness. Evidence of specific sleep disorders was identified in our cohort, with 35% having restless legs syndrome; 49% obstructive sleep apnea; and 8% periodic limb movements in sleep; however, the presence of these disorders was not correlated with subjective sleepiness. Patients with FMD with self-reported sleepiness reported higher fatigue (p = 0.002), depression (p = 0.002), and had longer sleep latencies in the MSLT (p < 0.001) compared to the patients with central hypersomnia. No correlation was found between subjective and objective sleepiness in either group. Fatigue positively correlated with self-reported sleepiness in patients with FMD (p < 0.001). This study did not find objective correlates of increased sleepiness in patients with FMD. While sleep abnormalities were found to be common in FMD, they were not correlated with self-reports of excessive sleepiness. Positive correlations between self-reported sleepiness and fatigue support the current unified model of non-motor symptoms in FMD.

• MeSH
• deprese epidemiologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• komorbidita * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• periodické pohyby končetinami ve spánku epidemiologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• polysomnografie * MeSH
• poruchy nadměrné spavosti * epidemiologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• poruchy spánku a bdění epidemiologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• somnolence MeSH
• spánková latence fyziologie   MeSH
• syndrom neklidných nohou patofyziologie   epidemiologie   MeSH
• únava patofyziologie   epidemiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

BACKGROUND: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common cause of physical disability in childhood defined as a group of permanent disorders of movement. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of 12-week aquatic exercise program on gross motor function, swimming skills, and walking ability in children with cerebral palsy. METHODS: Eighteen children (mean±SD age: 12.3±3 years) with cerebral palsy classified at levels I, II and III on the Gross Motor Function Classification System were allocated to one group, where the first 12 weeks were a control period while another 12 weeks were an experimental period. The participants underwent the same battery of tests focusing gross motor function, swimming skills, and walking ability on three occasions. RESULTS: Control period was stable with no significant changes in any of measurements. After the 12-week experimental program, a statistically significant improvement was determined in gross motor function (P=0.005), swimming skills (P=0.000), walking endurance and walking velocity (P=0.000). No significant differences (P>0.05) were observed for walking efficiency. CONCLUSIONS: The 12-week aquatic exercise program (3/week, 60 minutes), combining Halliwick method, swimming and walking activities may improve the gross motor function, swimming skills, walking endurance and velocity in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy.

• MeSH
• chůze MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mozková obrna * terapie   MeSH
• plavání MeSH
• pohyb MeSH
• terapie cvičením metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• Chirurgie, ortopedie, traumatologie,
• MeSH
• neurochirurgie MeSH

• NLK Obory
• neurochirurgie

OBJECTIVE: To date, very few studies have focused on structural changes and their association with cognitive performance in isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD). Moreover, the results of these studies are inconclusive. This study aims to evaluate differences in the associations between brain morphology and cognitive tests in iRBD and healthy controls. METHODS: Sixty-three patients with iRBD and thirty-six controls underwent MRI with a 3 T scanner. The cognitive performance was assessed by a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Based on performance, the iRBD group was divided into two subgroups with (iRBD-MCI) and without mild cognitive impairment (iRBD-NC). The high-resolution T1-weighted images were analysed using an automated atlas segmentation tool, voxel-based (VBM) and deformation-based (DBM) morphometry to identify between-group differences and correlations with cognitive performance. RESULTS: VBM, DBM and the comparison of ROI volumes yielded no significant differences between iRBD and controls. In the iRBD group, significant correlations in VBM were found between several cortical and subcortical structures primarily located in the temporal, parietal, occipital lobe, cerebellum, and basal ganglia and three cognitive tests assessing psychomotor speed and one memory test. Between-group analysis of cognition revealed a significant difference between iRBD-MCI and iRBD-NC in tests including a processing speed component. CONCLUSIONS: iRBD shows deficits in several cognitive tests that correlate with morphological changes, the most prominent of which is in psychomotor speed and visual attention as measured by the TMT-A and associated with the volume of striatum, insula, cerebellum, temporal lobe, pallidum and amygdala.

• MeSH
• kognice MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce * diagnostické zobrazování   komplikace   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mozeček MeSH
• porucha chování v REM spánku * diagnostické zobrazování   komplikace   MeSH
• spánkový lalok MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Porucha autistického spektra (PAS) je multifaktoriální neurovývojová porucha, charakterizovaná kromě značné heterogenity také výskytem sekundárních příznaků, mezi které patří mj. poruchy motorických funkcí a narušení motorického vývoje. Hlavním cílem této explorativní studie bylo posoudit u dětí s PAS ve věku 7–10 let koexistenci motorických a funkčních jazykových deficitů (FL), škálovaných dle kritérií ICD-11, standardizovaným hodnocením s užitím testu motoriky pro děti The Movement Assessment Battery for Children, 2. edice (MABC-2). U výzkumného souboru (n = 47; 39 chlapců, 8 dívek; věk 7–10 let, průměrný věk = 8,49; SD = 1,12) byly u 74,5% detekovány významné motorické obtíže a zpoždění motorického vývoje; 44,7 % participantů bylo identifikováno s mírným postižením FL, nebo bez postižení; 21,3% s narušeným FL a 34,0% s úplnou nebo téměř úplnou absencí FL. Výsledky u výzkumného souboru (n = 47) prokázaly významný pozitivní vztah (r = 0,64; p = 0,005) mezi celkovým testovým skóre (MABC-2) a postižením FL dle kritérií ICD-11. V této studii u participantů (n = 47) lepší motorický výkon významně koreloval s menšími deficity FL.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neuro-developmental disorder that is characterised by considerable heterogeneity and the occurrence of secondary symptoms, including motor function disorders and disturbances in motor development. The study's main objective was to assess the coexistence of motor and functional language deficits (FL), scaled according to ICD-11 criteria, and standardised evaluation using the motor test for children: The Movement Assessment Battery for Children, 2nd edition (MABC-2). In the research sample (n = 47; 39 boys, 8 girls; age 7-10 years, average age = 8.49; SD = 1.12), the results revealed that 74.5% of the participants had significant motor problems and delays in motor development. Among the participants, 44.7% had no or a slight disability of FL, 21.3% had disturbed FL, and 34.0% had complete or almost complete absence of FL. The results showed a significant positive relationship (R = 0.64; p = 0.005) between the Total Test Score (MABC-2) and the FL involvement, according to the ICD-11 criteria. In this study, better motor performance was significantly associated with smaller FL deficits.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• jazykové poruchy MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mezinárodní klasifikace nemocí MeSH
• motorické poruchy MeSH
• poruchy autistického spektra * diagnóza   MeSH
• postižené děti psychologie   MeSH
• tělesná výkonnost MeSH
• výzkum MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH